RU2753301C1 - Method for foundation construction under conditions of year-round negative temperatures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures. The method for constructing a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures includes the implementation of a prefabricated strip foundation or in the form of a prefabricated panel, which is formed of polyethylene blocks buried in the ground with a plastic lattice frame inside and with protrusions and depressions on the joined walls to perform a “protrusion-depression” type connection. The ground under the foundation is developed to a depth exceeding the height of the blocks, in the developed soil, the foundation tapes are formed. The blocks are joined together with the help of protrusions and depressions on the walls to be joined, and rectangular blocks are used in straight sections, and corner blocks with the corresponding L-shaped configuration are installed in the corners. The polyethylene blocks assembled in the tapes are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the tapes made of polyethylene blocks turn into a single ice structure.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to expand the arsenal of effective technologies for the construction of foundations in conditions of year-round negative temperatures, based on the preservation of frozen soils and providing sufficient load-bearing capacity of the foundation given low labor intensity of the process of its construction.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures.

There is a known method for arranging a pile foundation in permafrost soils, including drilling a well in permafrost soils with extraction during drilling of loosened frozen soils, installing a pile and subsequent concreting in a well, while using a pile structure including an upper prefabricated part with reinforcing outlets, the length of which corresponds to the depth active soil layer, and the lower monolithic part, and along the entire length of the pile structure, a metal pipe with a plugged lower part is mounted, in which a heating element is installed to create normal conditions for concrete hardening, and a plug with a nipple for pumping a coolant is welded into the upper part after the concrete has set, for which, in order to prevent contact of the pile with permafrost soils of the base, a layer of crushed stone or gravel is preliminarily laid on the bottom of the drilled well, after which the pile structure is installed in the well, the lower monolithic part is concreted ashes in the layer of permafrost soils and the subsequent backfilling of the wellbore in the active layer with non-porous soil (RF Patent No. 2712976 C1, priority date 04/17/2019, publication date 02/03/2020, authors: Mestnikov V.V. et al., RU).

The disadvantages of the analogue are: increased labor costs associated with drilling a well and erecting a pile structure consisting of a lower monolithic and upper prefabricated parts, as well as a high consumption of materials and the duration of pile erection, which increases the cost of the technological process.

As a prototype, a method was adopted for erecting the foundation of an earthquake-resistant building in permafrost areas, including deepening a lower slab made of ice into the soil base, installing a massive block in the form of a cylinder on it, installing an upper slab on it, connecting a massive block with an upper slab using hinge ties, the connection of the upper slab with the soil base by vertical flexible ties and lining of the above-ground part of the lower slab with a heat-insulating layer (RF Patent No. 145799 U1, priority date 05/19/2014, publication date 09/27/2014, author Belash T.A. et al., RU , prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the labor-consuming technology, due to the laboriousness of obtaining and installing the bottom plate made of ice with penetration into the ground, as well as the need to cover the above-ground part of the bottom plate with a heat-insulating layer.

The technical problem solved by the invention is the need to expand the arsenal of effective technologies for the construction of foundations in conditions of year-round negative temperatures, based on the preservation of frozen soils and providing sufficient bearing capacity of the foundation with low labor intensity of the process of its construction.

To solve a technical problem and achieve a technical result, a method is proposed for erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures, including the implementation of a prefabricated strip-type foundation or in the form of a prefabricated slab, which is formed from polyethylene blocks buried in the ground with a plastic lattice frame inside and with protrusions and depressions on the abutting walls to make a "protrusion-trough" connection. At the same time, the soil for the foundation is developed to a depth exceeding the height of the blocks, foundation strips are formed in the developed soil, while the blocks are joined together with the help of protrusions and depressions on the abutting walls, and rectangular blocks are used on straight sections, and corner blocks with with the corresponding L-shaped configuration, the polyethylene blocks collected in tapes are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the tapes from the polyethylene blocks turn into a single ice structure,

According to the invention, trenches are made in the ground to make a strip-type foundation.

According to the invention, to make a foundation in the form of a prefabricated slab in the ground, a pit is developed, the blocks are assembled from the edges of the pit to the center, while ribbons of rectangular and corner blocks are formed around the perimeter of the pit, and the inner space is filled with the following rows of belts, the blocks are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the blocks turn into a single ice structure of the slab.

According to the invention, wooden beams are laid on top of the ice structures of the block strips.

The drawings show schematically two types of polyethylene blocks and their foundations, where in FIG. 1a - rectangular block, b - angular L-shaped block; in fig. 2a - a fragment of a strip foundation, b - a fragment of a slab foundation.

The method of erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures is as follows. For the formation of the foundation, rectangular and L-shaped polyethylene blocks 1 (Fig. 1) of full factory readiness are used with a plastic lattice frame 2 inside and with protrusions 3 and depressions 4 on the abutting walls to make a "protrusion-depression" connection. Polyethylene blocks 1 can be equipped with covers (conventionally not shown). The soil is preliminarily developed for the foundation to a depth exceeding the height of blocks 1, moreover, to make a strip-type foundation in the ground, trenches are made in which foundation strips are formed (Fig.2a), and to make a foundation in the form of a precast slab (Fig.2b) in the ground a foundation pit is being developed (conventionally not shown), in the developed soil, foundation strips are formed, while the blocks are joined together with the help of protrusions 3 and depressions 4 on the abutting walls, and rectangular blocks are used on straight sections (Fig.1a), and corner blocks are installed in the corners blocks of L-shaped configuration (Fig. 1b). The polyethylene blocks collected in tapes are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the tapes from the polyethylene blocks turn into a single ice structure,

The erection of the foundation in the form of a prefabricated slab (Fig.2b) is carried out from the edges of the excavation to the center, while ribbons of rectangular and angular polyethylene blocks 1 are formed around the perimeter of the excavation, and the inner space of the excavation is filled with the following rows of ribbons. Blocks 1 are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the blocks are transformed into a single ice structure of the slab.

Wooden beams (conventionally not shown) are laid on top of the ice structures of the tapes made of blocks.

The advantage of the proposed method for erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures is its simplification due to the use of prefabricated blocks and a reduction in labor costs during construction.

Thus, when implementing the invention, a technical result is achieved, which consists in expanding the arsenal of technical means used in the construction of a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures, and in preserving frozen soil.

Claims (4)

1. A method of erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures, including the implementation of a prefabricated foundation of a strip type or in the form of a prefabricated slab, which is formed from polyethylene blocks buried in the ground with a plastic lattice frame inside and with protrusions and depressions on the abutting walls to make a connection of the "ledge -deep ", while developing the soil for the foundation to a depth exceeding the height of the blocks, in the developed soil they form foundation strips, while the blocks are joined together with the help of protrusions and depressions on the abutting walls, and rectangular blocks are used on straight sections, and in the corners Corner blocks with the corresponding L-shaped configuration are installed, the polyethylene blocks assembled into tapes are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the tapes from the polyethylene blocks are transformed into a single ice structure. 2. A method of erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that trenches are made in the ground to make a belt-type foundation. 3. A method for erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that to make the foundation in the form of a prefabricated slab, a foundation pit is developed in the ground, the blocks are assembled from the edges of the foundation pit to the center, while ribbons of rectangular and corner blocks, and the inner space is filled with the next rows of belts, the blocks are filled with water, and under the influence of negative temperatures, the blocks turn into a single ice structure of the slab. 4. A method for erecting a foundation in conditions of year-round negative temperatures according to claim 1, characterized in that wooden beams are laid on top of the ice structures of the tapes from blocks.

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