JP3173701B2 - Basic structure of building and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a basic structure of a building and a method of constructing the same, and more particularly to a basic structure of a building suitable for a cold region and a method of constructing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a cold region such as Hokkaido, a part of a foundation of a building, particularly a house, may be pushed up by freezing of the ground, causing deformation or damage to an upper structure.

[0003] Therefore, in cold regions, it is important to ensure the safety of the building by deepening the foundation to a depth where the ground does not freeze, that is, the freezing depth.

[0004]

However, since both the outer foundation along the outer periphery of the building and the inner foundation disposed inside the building have to be deepened, the root cutting,
There has been a problem that a series of operations such as forming a formwork, removing a formwork, or backfilling earth and sand becomes heavy labor and take time.

[0005] In particular, at the place where the outer foundation and the inner foundation are adjacent or at the place where the inner foundations intersect, the above-mentioned problem becomes more serious due to the fact that the earth and sand are easily collapsed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances. The foundation of a building capable of avoiding freezing of the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation and simplifying the structure of the internal foundation and the construction procedure thereof can be simplified. The purpose is to provide a structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a foundation for a building, which can omit a procedure for constructing a peripheral foundation.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a foundation structure of a building according to the present invention is provided, as described in claim 1, on the outside of a formwork concrete block disposed in a root-cut space. While abutting the predetermined heat insulating material such that the upper end of the heat insulating material comes to a position substantially equivalent to the ground surface,
Concrete is cast in an inner space of the heat insulating material and a hollow space of the formwork concrete block to form an outer peripheral foundation.

Further, the foundation structure of the building according to the present invention is characterized in that a soil portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation according to claim 1, and a predetermined internal foundation is formed on the soil portion and integrally with the soil portion. Is formed.

Further, the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention is such that a predetermined soil portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation of claim 1 and integrally with the outer peripheral foundation.

Further, in the foundation structure of the building according to the present invention, the lower side near the outer peripheral foundation of the soil portion according to the third aspect is formed in a tapered shape.

Further, in the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention, a predetermined heat insulating material is provided at a corner where the outer peripheral foundation and the interstitial portion are adjacent to each other.

Further, the foundation structure of the building according to the present invention forms a predetermined interstitial portion on the ground inside the outer perimeter foundation of claim 1 and integrally with the outer perimeter foundation. A predetermined internal foundation is formed integrally with the soil portion, and a predetermined moisture-proof sheet is laid below the soil portion.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for building a foundation of a building, comprising the steps of: cutting a ground; and placing a formwork concrete block in the cut space. A step of abutting a predetermined heat insulating material on the outside of the form concrete block so that an upper end of the heat insulating material is located at a position substantially equivalent to the ground surface; a step of backfilling earth and sand outside the heat insulating material; Casting concrete in the inner space of the material and the hollow space of the formwork concrete block to form an outer peripheral foundation.

[0015]

In the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention, a predetermined heat insulating material is provided outside the underground portion of the outer peripheral foundation.
Freezing of the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation is prevented.

Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the freezing depth when setting the embedding depth of the internal foundation.

In particular, when a soil portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation, and a predetermined internal foundation is formed on the soil portion and integrally with the soil portion, the load from the partition wall is increased by the soil. Since it is transmitted to the ground through the part, the structure is such that embedding of the internal foundation can be omitted.

When a predetermined soil portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation and integrally with the outer foundation, a part of the load from the outer wall is transmitted to the ground via the soil portion. The footing of the outer peripheral foundation can be omitted.

Here, if the lower side near the outer circumferential foundation of the soil portion is formed in a tapered shape, the load transmission becomes more reliable.

Further, if a predetermined heat insulating material is provided at the corner where the outer peripheral foundation and the interstitial area are adjacent to each other, the heat flow resistance at the entered corner increases, and the inside of the outer peripheral foundation is more reliably prevented from freezing. Is done.

A predetermined interstitial portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation and integrally with the outer perimeter foundation, and a predetermined internal foundation is formed on the interstitial portion and integrally with the interstitial portion. In the case where a predetermined moisture-proof sheet is laid below the soil section, moisture-proofing under the floor is reliably performed.

Further, in the method for constructing a foundation of a building according to the present invention, a form concrete block is arranged in a root-cut space, and a predetermined heat insulating material is abutted on the outside of the block, so that an inner space of the heat insulating material is provided. And since concrete is cast in the hollow space of the formwork concrete block to form the outer peripheral foundation, the formwork concrete block and the heat insulating material serve as the formwork, and dismantling of the formwork is omitted.

In addition, since the heat insulating material is in contact with the form concrete block, even if a lateral pressure of earth and sand acts on the heat insulating material, the form concrete block resists the pressure.

Therefore, it is possible to bury earth and sand immediately after the heat insulating material is arranged.

[0025]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a basic structure of a building according to the present invention;

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing the basic structure of a building according to this embodiment.

As can be seen from the figure, the foundation structure 1 of the building according to the present embodiment has a soil portion 4 on the ground inside an outer peripheral foundation 2 that supports an outer wall along the outer periphery of the building via a base 5. And an internal foundation 3 that supports the internal partition wall via a base 5 is provided upright on the base 4.

The outer foundation 2, the inner foundation 3, and the slab 4
Is structurally integrally formed as an RC structure reinforced with a reinforcing bar 6.

It is preferable that the depth of the outer peripheral foundation 2 is equal to or greater than the freezing depth, and that the concrete 14 is dumped on the split stone 13 and placed thereon.

Here, as will be described later in detail, the outer peripheral foundation 2 is formed by using a form concrete block 7 having a thickness of about 18 cm as a form.

A heat insulating material 8 is provided outside the underground buried portion of the outer peripheral foundation 2 such that the upper end thereof is substantially at the same position as the ground surface and is in contact with the outside of the formwork concrete block 7. .

As the heat insulating material 8, for example, a polystyrene foam resin plate having a thickness of about 5 cm is preferably used.

In the corner where the outer peripheral foundation 2 and the interstitial portion 4 are adjacent to each other, the lower side of the interstitial portion 4 is formed in a tapered shape. Is provided.

In addition, a moisture-proof sheet 10 is laid under the soil section 4.

The moisture-proof sheet 10 is preferably made of a polyethylene film, a vinyl film, or the like, and is laid under the heat insulating material 9 in the above-mentioned tapered portion.

Next, the procedure for constructing the basic structure of the building according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, a space 21 for forming the outer peripheral foundation 2 is truncated to a depth of, for example, about 70 cm according to a freezing depth determined for each region, and is further cut inside. The surface layer of the ground is scraped off to remove soft soil, thereby forming a space 22 for forming the interstitial portion 4.

Next, the cracked stone 13
And throw the discarded concrete 14 to level it.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, form concrete blocks 7 are stacked on the discarded concrete 14, for example, in two levels, and the reinforcing bars 6 are arranged in the vertical direction.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat insulating material 8 is brought into contact with the outside of the form concrete block 7 so that the upper end of the heat insulating material 8 is located at substantially the same position as the ground surface. The sand 8 is back-filled outside the material 8 to press the heat insulating material 8 against the formwork concrete block 7, and the gravel 11 is laid and compacted in the space 22 from which the soft soil on the surface has been removed.

Next, as shown in FIG.
Is spread on the gravel 11, and in the tapered portion, the heat insulating material 9 is further disposed on the moisture-proof sheet 10. Insulation material 8
A square bar 12 of about 5 cm square is provided at the upper end of the box.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the reinforcing bars 6 in the horizontal direction of the outer peripheral foundation 2 are arranged, and the reinforcing bars 6 are also arranged in the area between the soil section 4 and the inner foundation 3.

After the reinforcement is finished, as shown in FIG.
The concrete is cast on the inside of the heat insulating material 8, the hollow space of the form concrete block 7, the upper side of the heat insulating material 9, and the moisture-proof sheet 10 with the upper end of the concrete as the top of the concrete. The soil section 4 is formed.

Finally, the formwork is placed at a predetermined position on the cast concrete, and the concrete is cast to form the above-ground portion of the outer peripheral foundation 2 and the inner foundation 3 as described with reference to FIG.

As described above, in the foundation structure of the building according to the present embodiment, since the heat insulating material 8 is provided outside the underground portion of the outer peripheral foundation 2, the freezing of the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation 2 is prevented. It is not necessary to consider the freezing depth when setting the embedding depth of the internal foundation.

In this embodiment, furthermore, the interstitial portion 4 is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation 2, and the internal foundation 3 is formed on the interstitial portion 4 and integrally with the interstitial portion 4, so that the partition wall is formed. Is transmitted to the ground via the soil portion 4.

For this reason, it is possible to omit the embedding of the internal foundation, and it has been conventionally necessary to form the embedding portion of the internal foundation, such as root cutting, form arrangement, removal of the form, backfilling, and the like. This eliminates the need for a series of operations, greatly shortening the overall construction period and contributing to a reduction in construction costs. In cold regions, since the depth of the deep rooting is large, the merit that the rooting of the internal foundation is unnecessary becomes extremely large.

Also, since the heat insulating material 9 is provided at the corner where the outer peripheral foundation 2 and the interstitial portion 4 are adjacent to each other, the heat flow resistance of the corner near the surface which is usually easily cooled by the outside air is reduced. As a result, the inside of the outer peripheral foundation can be more reliably prevented from freezing.

Further, since the soil portion 4 is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation 2 and integrally with the outer peripheral foundation 2, a part of the load from the outer wall is transmitted to the ground via the soil portion 4.

Therefore, the load to be borne by the bottom of the outer peripheral foundation is reduced, and the footing portion can be omitted.

Here, the footing has to be formed in a separate step from the rising portion on the foot for convenience of construction, so that it is significant that the footing can be omitted.

In this embodiment, the outer peripheral foundation 2
Since the lower portion in the vicinity is formed in a tapered shape, the load transmission from the outer wall is more reliable.

Further, since the moisture-proof sheet 10 is laid below the soil section 4, moisture under the floor can be reliably prevented.

In a conventional base structure for a cold region,
Due to the freezing depth, the floor could not be bunched. As a result, the girder is forced to bridge the outer or inner foundation and transmit the floor load to the ground via those girders.As a result, the girder impedes the flow of air under the floor and deteriorates air permeability. I was letting it.

However, in the foundation structure of the present embodiment, it is possible to perform the bundling on the interstitial portion 4 from the viewpoint of the structure and the freezing depth. The air flow is smooth, and the air permeability can be greatly improved.

In the method for constructing a foundation for a building according to the present embodiment, a form concrete block is disposed in a space where a root is cut off, and a predetermined heat insulating material is abutted on the outside of the block. Concrete is cast in the space and hollow space of the concrete block to form the outer peripheral foundation, so the concrete block and the heat insulating material play the role of the mold, and the construction and dismantling of the mold are omitted. It is possible to shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost.

Further, since the heat insulating material is in contact with the form concrete block, even if a lateral pressure of earth and sand acts on the heat insulating material, the form concrete block resists this.

Therefore, the earth and sand can be backfilled immediately after the heat insulating material is arranged.

Particularly, in a cold region where the root cutting depth is large and the excavated earth and sand are easily collapsed, such an effect greatly contributes to shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.

In this embodiment, the internal foundation is integrated with the soil foundation to make it possible to omit the embedding of the internal foundation. However, as in the conventional case, the interior foundation is provided at a predetermined depth without providing the soil foundation. It is good also as a structure which takes root.

Even in such a case, the construction period of the foundation work is considerably shortened as compared with the related art in which it is necessary to make the roots deeper than the freezing depth.

Further, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral foundation and the inner foundation are integrally formed via the interstitial portion. However, it is not always necessary to connect the outer peripheral foundation and the inner foundation with the interstitial portion. Depending on circumstances, the slab section integrated with the outer foundation and the slab section integrated with the inner foundation may have different structures.

In this embodiment, the heat insulating material is arranged at the corners between the outer peripheral foundation and the soil to increase the heat flow resistance.
This may be omitted depending on the width of the outer peripheral foundation, the outside air temperature, and the like.

In this embodiment, the lower part of the soil portion near the outer peripheral foundation is formed in a tapered shape. However, the tapered shape need not be formed as long as the outer wall load can be borne.

Further, in this embodiment, the heat insulating material provided at the corner between the soil portion and the outer peripheral foundation is formed in the shape of the Taber shape, but may be formed in an L-shape extending downward along the outer peripheral foundation. Good.

[0066]

As described above, according to the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention, the freezing of the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation can be avoided, and the structure of the internal foundation and the construction procedure can be simplified.

The method for building a foundation of a building according to the present invention comprises:
A step of digging the ground, a step of placing a formwork concrete block in the space where the root is cut, and a step of arranging a predetermined heat insulating material such that the upper end of the heat insulating material comes to a position substantially equivalent to the ground surface. A step of abutting the outside of the frame concrete block, a step of backfilling earth and sand outside of the heat insulating material, and casting concrete in the inside space of the heat insulating material and the hollow space of the form concrete block to form an outer peripheral foundation And the step of installing and dismantling the formwork of the outer peripheral foundation can be omitted.

[0068]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a foundation structure of a building according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a space necessary for forming an outer peripheral foundation is cut off.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which split stone and waste concrete are constructed in a root-cut space.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a form in which a formwork concrete block is arranged in a root-cut space.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a heat insulating material is in contact with a formwork concrete block.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a state where a moisture-proof sheet and a heat insulating material are arranged.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which reinforcing bars of a soil section, an outer peripheral foundation, and an inner foundation are finished.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which concrete is cast to form a root portion and a soil portion of the outer peripheral foundation.

[Description of Signs] 1 Foundation structure 2 Perimeter foundation 3 Internal foundation 4 Soil section 7 Formwork concrete block 8, 9 Insulation material 10 Moisture-proof sheet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 27/01

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined heat insulating material is abutted on the outside of the formwork concrete block disposed in the root-cut space so that an upper end of the heat insulating material is located at a position substantially equal to the ground surface. A foundation structure of a building, wherein concrete is poured into an inner space of a material and a hollow space of the form concrete block to form an outer peripheral foundation. 2. The basic structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein a soil portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation, and a predetermined internal foundation is formed on the soil portion and integrally with the soil portion. . 3. The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined interstitial portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation and integrally with the outer peripheral foundation. 4. The foundation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein a lower side of the soil portion near the outer peripheral foundation is formed in a tapered shape. 5. The foundation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein a predetermined heat insulating material is provided at an entry corner where the outer peripheral foundation and the soil portion are adjacent to each other. 6. A predetermined interstitial portion is formed on the ground inside the outer peripheral foundation and integrally with the outer perimeter foundation, and a predetermined internal foundation is formed on the interstitial portion and integrally with the interstitial portion. 2. The basic structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined moisture-proof sheet is laid below said soil portion. 7. A step of root cutting the ground, a step of placing a formwork concrete block in the root cut space, and placing a predetermined heat insulating material at a position where the upper end of the heat insulating material is substantially equivalent to the ground surface. A step of abutting the outside of the formwork concrete block, a step of backfilling earth and sand outside of the heat insulating material, and placing concrete in an inner space of the heat insulating material and a hollow space of the formwork concrete block. Forming a perimeter foundation.