RU2751260C1 - Protection system for moving ground objects from self-guiding and self-aiming high-accuracy ammunition on the march - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of weapons, namely to systems of protection for moving ground objects from self-guiding ammunition on the march. A system of automatic control of speed and distance between machines is introduced into the protection device. The system includes sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades when the crew and landing hatches are open; a composition containing hollow aluminosilicate microspheres coated with a metal layer with nanopores in the walls and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum in as a fuel and organic fluorinated compounds. The electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system between the machines is connected to the fourth output of the protection system operation control unit. The system operation control unit is connected not only with the control panel and the light display, but also with the intercom equipment for sound notification of the crew and the landing force about the attack. The sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades when the crew and landing hatches are open, located on the hatches, are connected to the fourth input of the control unit.

EFFECT: improvement of protection quality.

5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons, namely to systems for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march.

A number of technical solutions are known in the field of protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition similar in aggregate to the proposed system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march.

Known protection systems for objects [1, p. 217-218], for example, ships, from being hit by missiles with thermal homing heads. They contain mortars, shells and containers with pyrotechnic elements. After firing, a pyrotechnic cloud is formed, diverting the missiles with thermal homing heads. Known automated electronic warfare system "Sybil" indicated in the source [2, p. 170-172], consisting of a launcher for launching missiles, equipped with disposable jamming means and control equipment. Decoy targets for guided missiles with thermal seeker are one of the options for equipping the installation ammunition. The use of these systems is hindered by the following disadvantages: the equipment of protection systems cannot be installed on small-sized objects due to its large size and weight; the possibility of protection by evading the object by maneuvering, that is, by rapidly changing the parameters of movement by automatically increasing the speed and distance between the machines, is not used.

There is a known device for protecting equipment on the march from the effects of cluster warheads [3], in which the setting of jamming formations is carried out not only in the air in the form of a single aerosol cloud over the entire column of equipment on the march, but also distracting false targets (dipole reflectors, infrared traps) on soil along the route of movement of equipment.

The above device has the following disadvantages:

- limited opportunities for protection against high-precision ammunition (VTB) with passive target sensors that do not unmask themselves with any of the types of radiation;

- the rational order of shooting grenades has not been determined, depending on the length of the group of protected equipment, which makes it difficult to select the required consumption of jamming equipment, especially when environmental conditions change;

- when using complex decision rules in the sensor part of attacking VTB, for example, by fixing the "straight" border between the levels of perceived IR radiation from the object and the background, comparing the intensities of this radiation in different parts of the spectrum and assessing the correspondence of the recorded "portrait" of the target to its reference form , the effectiveness of protection can be significantly reduced;

- insufficient duration of the aerosol curtain existence, which reduces the effectiveness of protection against VTB;

- the possibility of protection by evading an object by a maneuver is not used, that is, by a rapid change in movement parameters due to an automatic increase in speed and distance between vehicles.

Method and device for protecting an object of armored vehicles [4]. In this technical solution, an increase in the effectiveness of the interference effect of the created masking aerosol curtain is carried out due to the fact that the curtain in depth (in the direction of the threat) is formed by alternate ejection from the body of the grenade on the ascending stabilized section of the trajectory of its flight of aerosol-forming burning elements, interconnected in groups. In this case, the ejection is carried out in the direction opposite to the direction of flight, with a speed less than or equal to the speed of the grenade.

The use of this method is hampered by a number of disadvantages:

- insufficient duration of the aerosol curtain existence, which reduces the effectiveness of protection against VTB;

- the possibility of protection by evading an object by a maneuver is not used, that is, by a rapid change in movement parameters due to an automatic increase in the speed and distance between vehicles;

- inability to protect equipment when moving in a convoy from attacking VTBs simultaneously from different sides.

There is a known method of setting active interference to optical-electronic means [5], which consists in the fact that at least two active emitters operating simultaneously in the spectral range of 0.4-14 microns are installed on a rotating tower of an object at a distance of 2-3 m from the earth's surface and located at a distance of 5-7 m from each other. Emitters are automatically shifted relative to the axis of the protected sample. In addition, the emitters are fired at a distance of 5-10 m when a precision weapon approaches a distance of less than 40 m. The technical result consists in increasing the speed and efficiency of protecting weapons objects. This method has the following disadvantages: VTB detection is carried out directly in the area where the object of protection is located, which minimizes the time allotted for activating the protection means, and reduces the likelihood of VTB being withdrawn for false targets; sources of interference are switched on in the event of a threat of an enemy attack, and not when the enemy's VTB approaches the object of protection, which leads to overruns of protective equipment and their untimely deactivation; insufficient volume of protected space, which requires an increase in the number of launchers to shoot the LTC; insufficient duration of the aerosol curtain, which reduces the effectiveness of protection against VTB when attacking the upper hemisphere of the object; the possibility of protection by evading the object by maneuvering, that is, by rapidly changing the parameters of movement by automatically increasing the speed and distance between the machines, is not used; inability to protect equipment when moving in a convoy from attacking VTBs, especially when attacking from different sides at the same time.

There is a known method of protecting a mobile ground object from detection and destruction of high-precision weapons with infrared homing heads and a shielding device for its implementation [6], which consists in diverting from the engine compartment of a mobile ground object through the outlet windows of the exhaust gas heat flow release system using an additional shielding device installed in the aft part of a mobile ground object, while the heat flow of exhaust gases is directed along the inner surface of the shielding device tangentially to it so that the maximum temperature contrast with the environment is at a distance of at least 1.0 m from the aft part of the object, and then change the direction of the longitudinal movement of the heat flow at an angle of 90 ... 120 ° relative to its initial direction of movement towards the soil surface.

The use of this method is hindered by the following disadvantages: the approaching high-precision ammunition of the enemy is not detected, which reduces the readiness of the protected object to repel an attack; the location of false thermal targets on the shielding device and the surface of the earth increases the time until the moment of counteraction to the enemy's high-precision ammunition, thereby reducing the efficiency of object protection and increasing the enemy's high-precision ammunition (VTB) capabilities for target selection; high probability of indirect damage to the object of protection, since the triggering of high-precision ammunition occurs at a distance equal only to the formation distance of false thermal targets; protection against VTB, homing and self-aiming in the radar (RL), radiometric (RM) wavelength range and during their laser guidance is not provided; the possibility of setting up an aerosol curtain is not used, which reduces the effectiveness of protection against VTB; the possibility of protection by evading the object by maneuvering, that is, by rapidly changing the parameters of movement by automatically increasing the speed and distance between the machines, is not used; inability to protect equipment when moving in a convoy from attacking VTBs, especially when attacking from different sides at the same time.

Known devices (complexes) of protection, disrupting the operation of the sensor part of the guidance systems of high-precision weapons by setting in the direction of the attacking means of active interference. These are the Shtora-1 complexes for the T-90 and T-80U tanks (Russia) and others, indicated in the sources [7, 8]. Based on the information given in the source [8], the functions of detectors of the threat of attack in them are performed by indicators of illumination of objects with laser radiation (for ranging and target designation), and jammers - grenades with aerosol-forming equipment, which create an explosive way in the air after they have been fired from launchers connected with the control unit for the operation of the complex, weakening or radiating formations. Weakening formations (masking curtains) interrupt the flow of information from the object, emitting (false targets) distract attacking means or make it difficult for them to correctly detect (recognize) targets. The spectral range of the interference action of the formations corresponds, in the main, to the visible and IR-regions of the spectrum.

These devices have the following disadvantages:

- protection of equipment is provided from weapons, mainly ground-based, attacking at elevation angles relative to the horizon line up to 25 ... 30 °;

- short time of effective interference action, due to the rapid dispersion of aerosol formation, as well as when it is carried by the wind outside the protection zone;

- the possibility of protection by evading an object by a maneuver is not used, that is, by a rapid change in movement parameters due to an automatic increase in the speed and distance between vehicles;

- inability to protect equipment when moving in a convoy from attacking VTBs, especially when attacking from different sides at the same time.

A known method of protecting objects of armored vehicles and a device for its implementation, specified in the source [9]. The invention provides an increase in the protection of objects of armored vehicles by increasing the efficiency in the visible range of radiation while maintaining the effectiveness of protection in the infrared and radar ranges. A combined aerosol curtain is created in the atmosphere from the payload dispersed at given points. The payload of the first from the launch unit of the section device is thrown away with the creation of a black curtain, effective in the visible, infrared and radar ranges. The second creates a curtain of white that is effective in the visible and infrared ranges. The third creates a flash of directed blinding action. The payload of the first stage is ejected in the direction opposite to the movement of the device, the second and third stages - in the direction of movement of the device. The black curtain shields the optics of the armored vehicle object and the visual organs of the crew from the blinding effect of the flash. The white curtain acts as a reflector for the light from the flash in the direction of the threat.

There is a known method of creating an aerosol cloud for a camouflage smoke screen or false target, described in the source [10]. The invention relates to methods for creating an aerosol cloud to protect industrial and military facilities from high-precision enemy weapons and is aimed at increasing the efficiency of the aerosol cloud. This method includes pyrotechnic rupture of a projectile with the formation of an aerosol cloud containing hollow aluminosilicate microspheres covered with a metal layer no more than 1 micrometer thick with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component.

These methods have the following disadvantages:

- inability to protect equipment when moving in a convoy from attacking VTB, especially when attacking from different sides at the same time;

- the possibility of protection by evading an object by a maneuver is not used, that is, by a rapid change in movement parameters due to an automatic increase in speed and distance between vehicles.

The known method of countering the main threats using a typical complex of active protection, specified in the sources [11, 12], which consists in performing the following sequence of operations: detection, recognition, classification of approaching attacking ammunition and threat analysis; escort of attacking ammunition, choice of countermeasures; making a decision on the use of countermeasures; the defeat of the attacking munition or the reduction of the degree of its threat using the selected means of countermeasures at a certain point of interception.

As the disadvantages of the method of countering the main threats with the use of a typical complex of active protection, it is necessary to note the following: the striking elements of the complex of active protection are capable of causing damage to both the object of protection and nearby objects, since the actuation of the attacking ammunition occurs at a distance equal only to the firing distance of countermeasures ; the possibility of passive protection against high-precision ammunition has not been used; detection of attacking ammunition is carried out directly in the area where the object of protection is located, which minimizes the time allotted for activating the means of protection and reduces the likelihood of countering the attacking ammunition; the possibility of protection by evading the object by maneuvering, that is, by rapidly changing the parameters of movement by automatically increasing the speed and distance between the machines, is not used.

A known method of protecting ground objects from homing on infrared radiation of high-precision ammunition, specified in the source [12]. In this method, using a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), they detect, recognize, classify the approaching attacking ammunition, generate a signal about the use of high-precision weapons by means of detection and transmit it to all ground objects, generate a threat signal by a regular radio station of a ground object and relay it to the device the interface installed on the PBLA, with the help of which a signal is generated for the operation of the remotely controlled elements of the PBLA attachment, the launch of its traction motors and raise it to a predetermined height, generate a signal to activate the circular firing launcher and shoot a set of false thermal targets.

This method has the following disadvantages:

- protection is carried out only from VTB homing to infrared radiation;

- the possibility of protection by evading an object by a maneuver is not used, that is, by a rapid change in movement parameters due to an automatic increase in speed and distance between vehicles.

The closest to the claimed and adopted as a prototype is a device for protecting armored vehicles on the march from the impact of cluster combat elements with multichannel target sensors [8]. The technical result of the prototype device is to increase the efficiency of protecting a group (column) of armored vehicles on the march from the side of the upper hemisphere of attacking elements with a wide range of target sensors. The prototype device contains three sets of launchers with jamming grenades, a control unit for the operation of the protection system, an indicator for illumination of radar radiation from the side of active combat elements and a transceiver with an antenna-feeder system, interconnected with the control unit. The optoelectronic direction finder is installed on at least one of the objects of the protected group of armored vehicles and includes a set of identical receiving modules, each of which is based on a matrix microbolometric photodetector. The third set of jamming grenade launchers is equipped with a smoke generator with emitters, which are installed in the third set of launchers. Kits of launchers are located on each of the objects of the protected group.

On the march, the protection device operates in two modes: when detecting the detection of object illumination by radar radiation from the side of the attacking element (mode I); when fixing the fact of entering the controlled area of an attacking element with a non-emitting target sensor (mode II).

In mode I, the radar radiation indicator fixes the fact of illumination of the moving object on which the indicator is installed. From this object, the threat signal is broadcast to all other objects of the protected group. On objects, pulses of launching grenades from launchers are formed. In this case, a masking aerosol-dipole curtain is created over the entire group in the air (for a time not more than 2 ... 3 s), which has protective properties in a wide range of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. At each of the objects, pulses of launching two emitters of the smoke generator are also generated, creating interfering aerosol formations that distort the "image" of the target. If the command vehicle, which is the carrier of the optoelectronic direction finder, is the fixing radar illumination, then this machine also generates a signal to block the information output of this direction finder, to exclude its false alarms from the jamming formations created by the smoke generator.

Operation mode II provides for jamming (cluster warheads) KBE with non-emitting target sensors (television, IR or RM). When the direction finder detects the fact of entering the controlled area of the attacking element, a threat signal is generated and transmitted to all objects of the protected group. Initiation pulses are also generated, both at the object - the carrier of the direction finder, and at the rest of the objects of jamming equipment for its dispersion from the grenades that are part of the set of installations with jamming grenades. Along the route of movement on both sides of the sides of each of the protected objects, metallized reflectors and burning tablets with a pyrotechnic composition are scattered on the ground. An active jamming effect is created by each of the burning tablets during their release (flight) and after falling on the ground, passive - by a cloud 2 ... 3 m wide and 1.5 ... 2 m high from the tablet on the ground (within 15 ... 20 s) ... An additional protection measure is the initiation of the onboard emitters of the smoke generator.

One of the main distinguishing features of the prototype device is that, as jamming equipment for grenades fired from the first set of launchers, compositions based on carbon fiber material and granular red phosphorus were used, equipment for grenades of the second set of installations, scattered from grenade casings , includes two types, the first of which, installed in the barrel of the second unit of each of the groups, is made in the form of metallized particles of the "confetti" type made of thin-walled aluminum foil, and the equipment of the second type, installed in the trunks of the first and third units, is based on red phosphorus, made in the form of tablets with a central through channel and an igniting composition applied to their end sections, while the equipment for aerosol-thermal sources of a smoke generator is a composition based on red phosphorus and thermal mixtures.

This device (prototype) has several disadvantages.

The possibility of protection by evading the object by maneuvering, that is, by rapidly changing the parameters of movement by automatically increasing the speed and distance between the vehicles, is not used. It is necessary to ensure speed when performing protective measures by automating the process of increasing the speed and distance between machines, excluding a number of actions of the driver (driver) that affect the speed of this operation.

The safety of the crew and the landing force is not ensured when firing grenades with jamming equipment with open hatches on mobile ground objects, which requires the inclusion of blocking grenade firing when the crew and landing hatches are open in the protection algorithm for these objects.

Insufficient duration of the existence of an aerosol curtain to protect a column of mobile ground objects from VTB in motion on the march, especially when the distance between them is more than three times greater than the prototype, which reduces the effectiveness of protection against VTB. It is necessary to use jamming equipment for grenades, which will increase the duration of the aerosol curtain existence.

Insufficient volume of protected space, which requires an increase in the number of launchers to shoot countermeasures. It is necessary by increasing the number of launchers with jamming equipment for grenades, which makes it possible to set not only a smokescreen, but also use it as a false target in the form of several clouds of fire, i.e. objects with high temperature and luminosity, increase the number of false targets in a given volume of space, which will reduce the likelihood of hitting mobile ground objects.

The proposed system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march can be used to protect multi-purpose wheeled and tracked vehicles when moving in columns.

The technical result of the claimed system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision munitions on the march is to improve the quality of protection of mobile ground objects (PNO) from high-precision munitions equipped with television, infrared (IR), radar (RL), radiometric (RM), laser heads homing (GOS) when moving in convoys by automatically increasing the speed and distance between vehicles, ensuring the safety of the crew and the landing force by including the protection of objects in the algorithm, blocking the firing of grenades when the crew and landing hatches are open, the use of jamming equipment for grenades, which provides an increase in the duration of existence aerosol curtain, an increase in the number of launchers and the number of decoys (LTS) on the protected volume of space.

To achieve this technical result, a protection device (prototype) containing two sets of launchers with jamming grenades, the first of which ensures the setting of a masking aerosol curtain in the air, the second - false targets, a control unit for the protection system, connected to the control panel and a light board, an indicator of illumination by radar radiation from the side of active target sensors, connected to the first input of the control unit, and a transceiver with an antenna-feeder system for receiving or transmitting information about the threat, interconnected with the second input of the control unit, the first and second outputs of which are connected to the first and the second sets of launchers, an optoelectronic direction finder to determine the fact of approach to the controlled viewing area of combat elements with passive sensors, a smoke generator with emitters and a third set of launchers, while the optoelectronic direction finder includes a set of receiving modules and a commutation Threat signal torus, the signal inputs of which are connected to the outputs of these modules, and the output to the third input of the control unit, and the generator emitters are installed in the third set of launchers connected to the third output of the control unit, respectively; machines, consisting of a steering angle sensor, a lever displacement sensor for a high-pressure fuel pump (HPP), a brake pedal force measurement sensor, a transmission control selector position sensor, a PNO movement speed measurement sensor, an engine crankshaft position sensor, a lidar, four radars radars integrated with video cameras, an electronic control unit for the automatic speed and distance control system, an electric power steering, a servo drive of the regulator control lever pivotally connected to the injection pump regulator lever, a servo drive that pliva, a linear actuator for the brake pedal drive, a device for moving the transmission control selector lever, sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades with open crew and landing hatches were added to the system, as jamming equipment for grenades fired from the first set of launchers, a composition containing covered with a layer of metal was used with a thickness of no more than 1 micrometer, hollow aluminosilicate microspheres with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizer, in the second set, the number of launchers is increased by four, instead of six, there are ten, for the grenades of the second set of installations, equipment of the third type is added, which is made of a coated layer m of metal with a thickness of no more than 1 micrometer of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. At the same time, the electronic control unit of the automatic control system for the speed and distance between the machines is connected to the fourth output of the control unit for the operation of the protection system. The control unit for the operation of the protection system is connected not only with the control panel and light display, but also with the intercom equipment for sound notification of the crew and troops about the attack. The sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades when the crew and landing hatches are open, located on the hatches, are connected to the fourth input of the control unit.

The length of the protected group of mobile ground objects, consisting of four vehicles, for example, the BTR-82, is estimated to be about 330 ... 480 m. machines are installed on each of the objects of the group of mobile ground objects, and the optoelectronic direction finder, at least on every second machine. When performing a task as part of, for example, a motorized rifle platoon, which includes three vehicles, it is recommended to install optoelectronic direction finders on the guide and closing vehicles. For a more extended column of equipment, the number of protected groups included in it is determined by the multiplicity of the ratio of the length of the entire column to the established length of this group of objects.

The automatic control system for the speed and distance between vehicles (ACS SIDMM) upon receipt of an attack signal from VTB automatically increases the speed of the PNO, sets the specified distance of the PNO to the vehicle in front of the convoy and maintains it, brakes, accelerates, turns, and avoids obstacles. At any time of the system operation, the driver can take over the control of the PNO.

ACS SIDMM consists of measuring, computing and executive devices. Measuring devices include sensors that determine the control action, recording devices that determine the position of the POP on the ground and the fact of VTB attack.

For the functioning of the ACS SIDMM, it includes the following sensors: a steering angle sensor, a sensor for displacement of the injection pump regulator lever, a sensor for measuring the effort on the brake pedal, a position sensor for the transmission control selector, a sensor for measuring the speed of movement of the PNO, a sensor for the position of the engine crankshaft.

The steering wheel turn sensor is designed to transmit accurate data on the position of the steering wheel PNO (steering angles), angular speed and direction of its turn to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed control system and the distance between cars. It is located on the electric power steering column under the steering wheel. The displacement sensor of the injection pump regulator lever is designed to transmit accurate data on the position of the injection pump regulator lever, which regulates the amount of fuel supplied to the engine to form a fuel-air mixture, to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system. The sensor is located on the injection pump. The brake pedal force measurement sensor is designed to transmit accurate data on the brake pedal force to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system and is located on the brake pedal. The position sensor of the transmission control selector is designed to transmit accurate data about the position of the transmission control to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system and is located on the PNO gearbox selector shaft. The sensor for measuring the speed of movement of the PNO is designed to transmit accurate data on the indicators of the speed of movement of the PNO to the driver, as well as to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system and is located in the upper part of the gearbox, on the speedometer drive mechanism. The engine crankshaft position sensor is designed to transmit accurate data about the position of the engine crankshaft at each moment of time and its rotation frequency to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system. It is located next to the engine crankshaft.

To determine the position of the PNO on the ground, the following recording devices are required: a lidar, four radar radars integrated with video cameras. Lidar is designed to determine obstacles and distances to them, as well as to determine the speed of other PPOs and the distance to them. Lidar scans the area around the PNO at a distance of more than 100 meters and creates an accurate three-dimensional picture of its surroundings and is a rotating sensor at the top of the PNO. Lidar transmits data about obstacles, distances to them, the speed of other PNOs and the distances to them to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed control system and the distance between the vehicles.

Radar radars, integrated with video cameras, help to determine the exact position of distant objects and are designed to determine the speed and distance to other PNOs. They scan specified sectors at a specified distance, for example, 250 m. The facility has four radar radars integrated with video cameras. The first is located in front of the object, the second is on the right side, the third is on the left side, and the fourth is behind. They transmit data about remote objects, the distance to them, the speed of other PNOs and the distance to them to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed control system and the distance between the machines.

To determine the fact of VTB attack and activate the automatic speed and distance control system between the vehicles, the following recording devices are used: a radar illumination indicator and an optoelectronic direction finder.

Data from the recording devices are sent to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system, where control signals are generated on their basis. The data from the sensors also enter the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system (ECU ACS SIDMM), where they are processed and transmitted in the form of control actions to the actuators.

The following types of actuators are used to influence the movement controls of the PNO: the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system, the electric power steering (EUR), the servo drive of the regulator control lever, the servo drive for turning off the fuel supply, the linear actuator of the brake pedal drive, the device for moving the lever transmission control selector.

The EUR is designed to change the direction of movement of the PNO. The EUR receives a control signal from the ECU ACS SIDMM and, depending on the value of the signal, transfers rotation to the steering shaft, thereby changing the angle of rotation of the wheels. The servo drive of the regulator control lever is designed to regulate the amount of fuel supplied to the engine to form a fuel-air mixture, depending on the value of the control signal from the ECU ACS SIDMM. The fuel cut-off servo is designed for controlled action on the injection pump stop lever in order to stop the fuel supply and stop the engine. The linear actuator of the brake pedal drive is designed to control the braking force on the brake pedal, depending on the value of the control signal from the ECU ACS SIDMM. The device for moving the lever of the transmission control selector is designed to control the operating modes of the gearbox, taking into account various conditions, depending on the value of the control signal from the ECU ACS SIDMM.

Grenade blocking sensors when the crew and landing hatches are open are located on the crew and landing hatches of a mobile ground object and include reed switches with detectors and magnets, reed switches with detectors are attached to the surface of each hatch, and magnets are parallel to the reed switches with detectors on the surface of the cover of each hatch ... Reed switches and magnets create a closed loop when the hatches are closed, when the hatches are opened, the magnets and reed switches are disconnected, breaking the circuit, when the circuit is broken, the blocking sensors when the crew and landing hatches are open send a signal to the control unit for the protection system to suspend the firing of jamming grenades from launchers.

The first set of launchers includes at least eight launchers involved simultaneously in the protection cycle and represented by two identical groups, four in each. The installations are located on the upper part of the object, for example, its tower, with the provision of the possibility of shooting grenades into the upper hemisphere and the location of the center lines of the barrels of these installations in a group in the same firing plane. In this case, the firing planes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the object, and the axial lines of the barrels in each of the planes are located at an acute angle with respect to each other, while orienting the axial lines of two of them along the direction of movement and two in the opposite direction. From the side of the frontal and aft projections of the object, the firing planes form an acute angle with each other [8].

The second set of launchers includes at least ten launchers involved simultaneously in the protection cycle and represented by two groups of five in each, launchers in groups are placed along the sides of the object, for example, in its middle part, with the possibility of ejecting jamming equipment from grenade cases in the immediate vicinity of the object and setting false targets above it, while the axial lines of the barrels of the first and fifth launchers are directed to the upper hemisphere, for example, with an angle of inclination to the horizon of 45 °, the firing planes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the object, with orientation of the center lines of the first installations along the direction of movement, and of the fifth in the opposite direction, the trunks of the second, third, fourth launchers are installed with a "negative" elevation angle, the projections of the center lines of the trunks of the second, third installations on the horizontal plane are oriented at acute angles with respect to the longitudinal the object's axis in the direction and its movements, and the projections of the axial lines of the barrels of the fourth launchers are oriented perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

The optoelectronic direction finder, as in the source [8], has at least six identical receiving modules located on the object, providing a circular view of the observed space in the horizontal plane and from plus 30 to 80 ° vertically with the overlap of adjacent observation sectors. less than 1 °. Each of the modules contains a lens and a matrix photodetector, for example, a microbolometric one, equipped with a filter that selects the long-wavelength region of the IR spectrum, and a video amplifier and a scanner connected to the photodetector, as well as a sync generator and a processor connected to the output of the video amplifier. The latter provides element-by-element subtraction of signals from each of two sequential frames of created images with the allocation of a contrasting "spot" relative to the environment and generates a threat signal when this "spot" corresponds to the attacking VTB, taking into account its energy, geometrical and temporal parameters in the specified range of observation ranges.

The smoke generator is made consisting of at least four emitters, involved in pairs in the protection cycle and installed in the trunks of the third set of launchers along the sides of the object's hull. Each of the emitters is equipped with an aerosol-heat source and a telescopic (tubular) mechanism for extending this source from the installation barrel outside the object contour and holding it in this position until the end of the protection cycle, and the centerline of the installation barrel is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the object, and relative to horizon lines - with a "positive" elevation [8].

As jamming equipment for grenades fired from the first set of launchers, a composition was used containing hollow aluminosilicate microspheres covered with a metal layer no more than 1 micrometer thick with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium as fuel and barium, sodium nitrates, sodium perchlorates , potassium, ammonium, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent [13]. The equipment for grenades of the second set of installations, scattered from the shells of grenades, includes three types, the equipment of the first type, installed in the barrel of the third installation of each of the groups, is made in the form of metallized particles of the "confetti" type, made of thin-walled aluminum foil, equipment of the second type, installed in the trunks of the second and fourth installations - based on red phosphorus, made in the form of tablets with a central through channel and an igniting composition applied to their end sections, equipment of the third type, installed in the trunks of the first and fifth installations, is made of covered with a layer of metal no more than 1 micrometer of hollow aluminosilicate microspheres with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium as a fuel and nitrates of barium, sodium, perchlorates of sodium, potassium, ammonium, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizer [13], while equipment for aerosol-thermal sources of a smoke generator is a composition based on red phosphorus and thermal mixtures.

If, when activating the system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march, the hatches of the crew and landing troops are open, the sensors for blocking the firing of grenades when the hatches of the crew and troops are open send a signal to the control unit for the operation of the protection system and the firing of grenades from the launchers is not performed until closing hatches.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the protection against attacking VTBs is improved by combining such protection measures as shifting the targeting point of the attacking ammunition beyond the contour of the protected object by jamming the sensitive elements of control systems, with the method of non-contact protection, known as evasion by maneuver (fast changing the parameters of movement) and increasing the duration of the aerosol curtain existence by using interference-generating equipment for grenades containing hollow aluminosilicate microspheres filled with a combustible component, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizer. The safety of the crew and the assault force is ensured by including the protection of objects in the algorithm, blocking the firing of grenades when the hatches of the crew and the assault force are open. It also provides an increase in the quality of protection of mobile ground objects from high-precision ammunition by increasing the number of launchers in the second set and the number of decoys on the protected volume of space, since decoys are placed not only on the ground, but also over the protected object.

The analysis made it possible to establish that there are no analogues characterized by a set of features identical to all features of the claimed protection system, which indicates that the claimed system meets the "novelty" condition of patentability.

The search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the features of the claimed object, have shown that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The state of the art has also not revealed the influence of the transformations envisaged by the essential features of the claimed invention on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the “inventive step” requirement of patentability.

The "industrial applicability" of the protection system is due to the presence of an element base, on the basis of which devices that implement this system can be made.

The declared protection system is illustrated by drawings, which show:

fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision munitions on the march; fig. 2 is a diagram of the formation of a masking curtain; fig. 3 is a diagram of the formation of false targets over a mobile ground object and on the ground; 4 is a diagram of the functioning of the system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march with a warning about the approach of VTB from standard means of detecting the fact of using high-precision weapons (WTO) (mode III).

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march, the structural composition of the system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march is reflected: threat detection means 1; protection system operation control unit 2; jamming means 3; system of automatic control of speed and distance between vehicles 4, transceiver 5 with antenna-feeder system 6, sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades 7 when the hatches of the crew and the landing force are open. Threat detection means 1 include an indicator of radar illumination - radiation 8 and an optoelectronic direction finder 9, connected with the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2. The direction finder 9 includes receiving modules 10 that carry out a circular view of the observed space and record the fact of an entrance attacking VTB into the protection zone, as well as switch 11 for inputting threat signals into the control unit for the protection system 2. The control unit for the protection system 2 is also connected to the control panel 12, light board 13, intercom equipment 14 and sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades 7 when open hatches of the crew and landing. The console 12 provides the setting of various modes of operation of the device (automatic, semi-automatic, manual, etc.). The main operating mode of the device is automatic. Illuminated display 13 provides the operator with visual information about the threat, its classification and the measures taken to protect. Intercom equipment 14 beeps for a threat. When the protection system is activated from the sensors that block the shooting of grenades 7 with the hatches of the crew and the landing force open, a signal is sent to the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2 to suspend the shooting of jamming grenades from launchers 15 and 16.

The composition of the means of jamming 3, also associated with the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2, includes sets of launchers 15 and 16 with jamming grenades and a smoke generator 17. The latter is represented by 19 emitters rigidly installed on the object in launchers 18.

The system of automatic control of the speed and distance between the cars 4, connected with the means of detecting the threat 1 through the switch And for inputting the signals about the threat, includes the steering angle sensor 20, the sensor of the displacement of the lever of the regulator of the high pressure fuel pump 21, the sensor for measuring the effort on the brake pedal 22, transmission control selector position sensor 23, movement speed measurement sensor PNO 24, engine crankshaft position sensor 25, lidar 26, four radar radars 27 integrated with video cameras, electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system 28, electric power steering 29 , the servo drive of the control lever of the regulator 30, pivotally connected to the lever of the high pressure fuel pump (not shown), the fuel cut-off servo 31, the linear actuator of the brake pedal drive 32, the device for moving the transmission selector lever 33. Automatic speed control system and the distance between the machines 4, is connected with the radar illumination indicator 8 through the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2, which transmits signals to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed control system and the distance between the machines 28.

The automatic speed and distance control system 4 is connected to the optical-electronic direction finder 9 through the switch 11 for inputting threat signals, which are fed to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system 28.

The control unit for the operation of the protection system 2 and the electronic control unit for the automatic control of the speed and distance between the machines 28 are configured to receive and transmit signals to each other to implement the coordinated operation of the devices, for example, to optimize the consumption of jamming equipment when protecting mobile ground objects.

The transceiver 5 with the antenna-feeder system 6, operating, for example, in the VHF band and interconnected with the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2, transmits threat signals to other objects of the protected group, and also receives information signals about the threat from the objects of this group. The transceiver 5 with the antenna-feeder system 6 is also connected to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed and distance control system 28 for transmitting information signals about the threat from the objects of this group and activating the automatic speed and distance control system between the machines 4 when they arrive.

The structure of the functioning of the automatic speed control system and the distance between the vehicles 4 consists of the following operations: receiving and processing data on the threat of VTB attack from the radar illumination indicator 8, the optical-electronic direction finder 9, from the transceiver 5 with the antenna-feeder system 6 or from the standard radio station 34; receiving and processing data from sensors 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and recording devices 26, 27; combining and reconciling the received data; image processing; determination of the characteristics of obstacles and mobile ground objects in the direction of movement; determination of the characteristics of the roadway; building a digital map; positioning of PNO and determination of the current state of the system; making decisions; control of executive devices 29,30, 32, 33; logging of the received data for subsequent analysis.

The use of the servo drive for turning off the fuel supply 31 occurs in emergency circumstances, for example, when there is a threat of collision with other PPOs or large obstacles.

The system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march can function both with a system of automatic control of the speed and distance between vehicles 4, and without it. The system of automatic control of the speed and distance between the vehicles 4 can function independently, without being included in the system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march.

Figure 2 shows the following elements: aerosol clouds (screens) 35, which include smoke and finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36, covered with a metal layer 37 with a thickness of no more than 1 micrometer, with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0, 18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition 38, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium , zirconium as a fuel and nitrates of barium, sodium, perchlorates of sodium, potassium, ammonium, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. Due to the spherical shape of the particles, the microspheres, with a pyrotechnic rupture, scatter a greater distance than with a flaky shape of particles, thereby increasing the masking efficiency, but at the same time, due to the low density, which is 4 times less than the density of solid particles, the settling time of particles increases in air, which ensures the setting of the curtain and the protection of objects for a longer time. When hydrogen explodes, the microspheres will break into separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating), which will be given additional movement, which will increase the masking ability and aerosol clouds (screens) 35 will be transformed into fire clouds 40. In this case, the curtain will consist of fiery clouds 40 , which are an obstacle not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the projectile itself.

Figure 3 is a diagram of the formation of false targets over a mobile ground object and on the ground, the following elements are shown: radar radars 27 integrated with video cameras, separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating), fire clouds 40, metallized reflectors 41, burning tablets 42 with a pyrotechnic composition which create hot spots and heat-radiating smoke plumes emanating from them 43.

Figure 4 is a diagram of the functioning of the system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march with non-radiating target sensors when warning about the approach of VTB from standard means of detecting the fact of using high-precision weapons (WTO), the following components are shown: standard radio stations 34, finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36 covered with a metal layer 37, individual segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating), fire clouds 40, metallized reflectors 41, burning tablets 42 with a pyrotechnic composition, which create hot spots and heat-emitting smoke plumes 43 emanating from them, high-precision ammunition 44 enemy, standard means of detecting 45 the fact of the use of military equipment, mobile ground objects 46.

On the march, the protection system operates in three modes: when fixing the fact of detection of object illumination by radar radiation from the side of the attacking VTB (mode I); when registering the fact of entering the controlled area of an attacking VTB with a non-emitting target sensor (mode II); in case of a warning about the approach of VTB from standard means of detecting the fact of the use of high-precision weapons (WTO) (mode III).

In mode I, the indicator of illumination by radar radiation 8 (Fig. 1) fixes the fact of illumination of a moving object on which the indicator is installed. At this facility, the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2, associated with the indicator, generates a threat signal, which, through the transceiver 5 and the antenna-feeder system 6 interconnected with it, is broadcast to all other objects of the protected group. At this facility and at other facilities of the protected group, the electronic control units of the automatic speed and distance control systems between the vehicles 28, connected with the radar illumination indicators 8, the optical-electronic direction finders 9 and with the transceivers 5 with antenna-feeder systems 6, receive a threat signal and systems of automatic control of speed and distance between the machines are activated 4. On the electronic control unit of the system of automatic control of speed and distance between the machines 28, data are received and processed from sensors and recording devices, the data is combined and coordinated, the images are processed, the characteristics of obstacles and mobile ground objects in the direction of movement, determining the characteristics of the roadway, positioning the PNO and determining the current state of the system, making decisions, controlling executive devices, which consists in changing the speed for establishing a predetermined distance between the machines of the protected group, for example, 100-150 meters between PPO and maintaining this distance.

The control units for the operation of the protection system 2 at the objects form pulses of launching grenades from the launchers 15. At the same time, a masking aerosol curtain is created in the air above the entire group, which has protective properties in a wide range of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, which provides protection of anti-aircraft missiles from weapons with infrared, radar, laser guidance systems. To set up a camouflage smoke screen over the object, a pyrotechnic burst of shells is performed with the formation of aerosol clouds (screens) 35 (Fig. 2), which include smoke and finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36 (Figs. 2, 4), covered with a metal layer 37 (Fig. 2) no more than 1 micrometer thick, with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition 38, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium as fuel and barium, sodium nitrates, sodium, potassium, ammonium perchlorates, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. Due to the spherical shape of the particles, the microspheres, with a pyrotechnic rupture, scatter a greater distance than with a flaky shape of particles, thereby increasing the masking efficiency, but at the same time, due to the low density, which is 4 times less than the density of solid particles, the settling time of particles increases in air, which ensures the setting of the curtain and the protection of objects for a longer time. When hydrogen explodes, the microspheres will break into separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating) (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which will be given additional movement, which will increase the masking ability and the aerosol clouds (screens) 35 will be transformed into fire clouds 40. In this case, the curtain will consist of 40 fiery clouds (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which are an obstacle not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the projectile itself.

The control units for the operation of the protection system 2 (Fig. 1) also generate pulses for launching two emitters 19 of the smoke generator 17 on each of the objects, creating interfering aerosol formations that distort the "image" of the target. If the machine, which is the carrier of the optical-electronic direction finder 9, is the fixing radar illumination, then the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2 on this machine also generates a signal to block the information output of this direction finder, in order to exclude its false alarms from the interference formations created by the smoke generator. The operating time of this blocking corresponds to the operating time of the emitters and amounts (according to the data of the performed experiment) of the order of 35 ... 40 s [8]. The action time of fire clouds 40 (Fig. 2) with hydrogen-containing metallized microspheres can be 8 minutes in the optical (visible) range, and 7 minutes in the infrared range [10].

The scheme of operation of each of the eight grenades (in the firing planes) when setting camouflage curtains over the object, as shown in Fig. 2 - shooting and flight along a trajectory close to a straight line, opening in the air and the formation of local curtains in the form of aerosol clouds (screens) 35 of a spherical shape (Fig. 2), which include smoke and finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36 (Fig. 2 , 4), covered with a layer of metal 37 (Fig. 2) with a thickness of no more than 1 micrometer, with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component , with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition 38, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium as a fuel and barium, sodium nitrates, sodium, potassium, ammonium perchlorates, organic fluorine-containing compounds in as an oxidizing agent. When hydrogen explodes, microspheres of aerosol clouds (screens) 35 will break into separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating) (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which will be given additional movement, which will increase the masking ability. In this case, the aerosol clouds (screens) 35, which make up the curtain, are transformed into fiery clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which are an obstacle not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the projectile itself.

The average diameter d (Fig. 2) of each fire cloud 40 will be, for example, 9 ... 10 m, with a grenade caliber of 50 ... 60 mm. From the side of the side of the object, the angles between the trajectories of shooting will be, for example, 22 ... 250 °, and from the side of the forehead (or stern) - 30 ... 35 °. The total dimensions (A × B) of an extended aerosol curtain created above each of the objects will be, for example, not less than 35 × 30 m, the time of action of fire clouds 40 with hydrogen-containing metallized microspheres can be 8 minutes in the optical (visible) range, in the infrared range 7 minutes [10], which will allow, at a distance between objects of 25 ... 150 m, to provide reliable protection of the entire group under the cover of this curtain. At the same time, to protect the head object (when it leaves from under the curtain), the jamming cycle from its side should be repeated, for example, after t _min - 4 ... 5 s from the moment the first batch of grenades was fired.

Operation mode II provides jamming of VTB with non-emitting target sensors (television, IR or RM). It is possible to disrupt the guidance process of such VTBs only if protection measures are taken in a timely manner (within a time period of no more than 1 s). Therefore, when the optical-electronic direction finder 9 (Fig. 1) detects the fact of entering the controlled area of the attacking element, the control unit of the protection system 2 generates a threat signal to transmit it, through the transceiver 5 with the antenna-feeder system 6, to all objects of the protected group.

At this facility and at other facilities of the protected group, the electronic control units of the automatic speed and distance control systems between the vehicles 28, connected with the radar illumination indicators 8, the optical-electronic direction finders 9 and with the transceivers 5 with antenna-feeder systems 6, receive a threat signal and systems of automatic control of speed and distance between machines 4 are activated. On the electronic control unit of the system of automatic control of speed and distance between machines 28, data is received and processed from sensors 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and recording devices 26, 27, combining and coordination of the received data, image processing, determination of the characteristics of obstacles and moving ground objects in the direction of movement, determination of the characteristics of the roadway, positioning of the PNO and determination of the current state of the system, decision-making, control of actuators 29, 30, 32, 33, which consists in changing the speed to establish a predetermined distance between the machines of the protected group, for example, 100-150 meters between the PPO and maintaining this distance. The control units for the operation of the protection system 2 also generate initiation pulses, both at the object - the carrier of the optoelectronic direction finder 9, and at other objects, jamming equipment for its dispersion from the grenades included in the set of installations 16 in order to dissipate metallized reflectors and burning tablets with a pyrotechnic composition, and pulses of ammunition launch from launchers 16 are formed for setting false targets in the form of several fire clouds 40, i.e. objects with high temperature and luminosity.

In front and behind, above the protected objects on both sides of the sides of each of them, high-temperature false targets are formed in the form of fire clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), emitting radiation in the infrared range, which are converted from aerosol clouds (screens) 35 (Fig. . 2), which include smoke and finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36 (Figs. 2, 4), covered with a metal layer 37 (Fig. 2) with a thickness of no more than 1 micrometer, with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0 , 9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition 38, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium in as a fuel and nitrates of barium, sodium, perchlorates of sodium, potassium, ammonium, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. Aerosol clouds (screens) 35, which make up the curtain, are transformed into fiery clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which are an obstacle not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the projectile itself. When hydrogen explodes, the microspheres will break into separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating) (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which will be given additional movement, which will increase the masking ability. Also along the route of movement on both sides of the sides of each of the protected objects, metallized reflectors 41 (Fig. 3, 4) and burning tablets 42 (Fig. 3, 4) with a pyrotechnic composition are scattered on the ground, which create foci of flame and emanating from them heat-emitting smoke plumes 43. An active interference effect is created by each of the burning tablets during their release (flight) and after falling on the ground, passive - by a cloud 2 ... 3 m wide and 1.5 ... 2 m high from the tablet on the ground (over time 15 ... 20 s) [8].

The recommended number of simultaneously used grenades in the protection cycle (using a set of installations 16), for setting in the immediate vicinity of each of the protected objects on the ground of areal jamming formations and setting false targets above them, is ten (Fig. 3) - five from the side each of the sides. The scattered reflectors 41 simulate the property of a metal to reflect PM (and RL) radiation. Burning tablets 42, ignited over the entire surface, create hot spots and heat-emitting smoke plumes 43 emanating from them. Fire clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4) with high temperature and luminosity emit radiation in the infrared range and are false targets that prevent not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the enemy's VTB itself.

Depending on the target selection algorithm incorporated in the targeting system of the attacking VTB, the created extended interference field, which is one with the object, is either not identified as a target to defeat, or the attack is carried out across the field as a whole. In this case, the probability of hitting the target by the attacking element is reduced by a factor equal to the number of resolved formations within the energy area target ("object + interference"). The probability of hitting a mobile ground object P _por.pno one VTB can be determined by the formula from the source [14]:

where N _I.PNO - the number of mobile ground objects (true targets), covered with false targets;

N _L.PNO - the number of decoys that cover mobile ground objects (true targets).

In comparison with the prototype, the probability of hitting a mobile ground object P _{then by} one VTB in the infrared range is reduced from 0.2% to 0.11% by 45%. Also, the effectiveness of the use of false targets to protect objects can be justified using information reflected in many other scientific publications.

To "build up" the interference zone during the movement of mobile ground objects, the protection cycle should be repeated, for example, after 3 ... 4 s (from the moment the equipment from the previous batch of grenades scattered).

Operating mode III provides protection of the anti-aircraft missile system from VTB when detecting the detection of their illumination by radar radiation and from VTB with non-emitting target sensors when warning about the approach of VTB from the standard means of detecting the fact of the use of high-tech equipment.

When high-precision ammunition 44 (Fig. 4) of the enemy is detected, the standard means of detecting 45 the fact of the use of WTO means generate a signal about the fact of the use of WTO by the enemy. The signal about the fact of the use of WTO means by the enemy is transmitted through communication channels (paths) to all mobile ground objects 46 with personal protective equipment against WTO by means of communication (standard radio stations) 34 (Fig. 1, 4) between the detection means 45 (Fig. 4) the fact of the use of WTO means and protected mobile ground objects 46. The standard radio station 34 (Fig. 1, 4) of each mobile ground object 46 (Fig. 4) generates a threat signal of the use of high-precision ammunition 44, the threat signal is relayed to the electronic control unit of the automatic speed control system and the distance between the machines 28 (Fig. 1) and the system of automatic control of the speed and distance between the machines is activated 4. On the electronic control unit of the automatic control of the speed and distance between the machines 28, data is received and processed from the sensors 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and recording devices 26, 27, combining and matching the received data s, image processing, determining the characteristics of obstacles and moving ground objects in the direction of movement, determining the characteristics of the roadway, positioning the PNO and determining the current state of the system, making decisions, controlling the actuators 29, 30, 32, 33, which consists in changing the speed to establish a given the distance D between the vehicles of the protected group, for example, 100-150 meters between the PPO and maintaining this distance. When detecting the detection of the illumination of the PNO by radar radiation by the control units for the operation of the protection system 2, the pulses of launching grenades from the launchers 15 are formed at the objects. At the same time, a masking aerosol curtain is created in the air above the entire group, which has protective properties in a wide range of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, which ensures the protection of the PNO from weapons with infrared, radar, laser guidance systems. To set up a camouflage smoke screen over the object, a pyrotechnic burst of shells is performed with the formation of aerosol clouds (screens) 35 (Fig. 2), which include smoke and finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36 (Figs. 2, 4), covered with a metal layer 37 (Fig. 2) no more than 1 micrometer thick, with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition 38, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium as fuel and barium, sodium nitrates, sodium, potassium, ammonium perchlorates, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. When hydrogen explodes, the microspheres will break into separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating) (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which will be given additional movement, which will increase the masking ability. Aerosol clouds (screens) 35, which make up the curtain, are transformed into fiery clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which are an obstacle not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the projectile itself.

The control units for the operation of the protection system 2 (Fig. 1) also generate pulses for launching two emitters 19 of the smoke generator 17 on each of the objects, creating interfering aerosol formations that distort the "image" of the target. If the machine, which is the carrier of the optical-electronic direction finder 9, is the fixing radar illumination, then the control unit for the operation of the protection system 2 on this machine also generates a signal to block the information output of this direction finder, in order to exclude its false alarms from the interference formations created by the smoke generator.

When a VTB with non-emitting target sensors is detected, the control units for the operation of the protection system 2 generate initiation pulses, both at the carrier object of the optoelectronic direction finder 9 and at other objects, jamming equipment for its dispersion from grenades included in the set of installations 16 for the purpose of scattering metallized reflectors and burning tablets with a pyrotechnic composition on the ground, and impulses for launching ammunition from launchers 16 are formed for setting false targets in the form of several fire clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), i.e. objects with high temperature and luminosity. In front and behind, above the protected objects on both sides of the sides of each of them, high-temperature false targets are formed in the form of fire clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), emitting radiation in the infrared range, which are converted from aerosol clouds (screens) 35 (Fig. . 2), which include smoke and finely dispersed hollow aluminosilicate microspheres 36 (Figs. 2, 4), covered with a metal layer 37 (Fig. 2) with a thickness of no more than 1 micrometer, with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0 , 9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition 38, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium in as a fuel and nitrates of barium, sodium, perchlorates of sodium, potassium, ammonium, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. Aerosol clouds (screens) 35, which make up the curtain, are transformed into fiery clouds 40 (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which are an obstacle not only to the beams of the guidance system, but also to the projectile itself. When hydrogen explodes, the microspheres will break into separate segments 39 (flakes with a metal coating) (Figs. 2, 3, 4), which will be given additional movement, which will increase the masking ability. Also, along the route of movement on both sides of the sides of each of the protected objects, metallized reflectors 41 (Figs. 3, 4) and burning tablets 42 with a pyrotechnic composition are scattered on the ground, which create foci of flame and heat-emitting smoke plumes 43 emanating from them.

The Combat Charter for the preparation and conduct of combined arms combat reflects that the distance between vehicles during a march can be 25-50 m. on roads with steep ascents, descents and turns, as well as when driving at an increased speed, the distance between vehicles increases and can be 100-150 m. At the signal of an air enemy warning, the unit continues to move, increasing the speed and distance between the vehicles. Fire weapons allocated for firing at air targets are made for opening fire; hatches of infantry fighting vehicles (armored personnel carriers), tanks, except for hatches from which fire will be fired, are closed. The personnel put the gas masks in the "ready" position. The attack of an air enemy is reflected by fire at the command of the subunit (vehicle) commander or independently [15, p. 115, 118]. The source [16] reflects that in order to reduce losses of equipment in convoys to a minimum, measures to increase the speed and distance between vehicles have not lost their relevance and can reduce losses by more than seven times. Also in the source [17 p. 155, 156] it is mentioned that the implementation of non-contact protection is possible in three main ways: reducing the visibility against the surrounding background (masking, complicating the background target environment, using the protective properties of the terrain); displacement of the aiming point of the attacking ammunition beyond the contour of the protected tank by jamming the sensitive elements of control systems; destruction of ammunition when approaching the tank. In general, they should be supplemented by two more traditional methods of non-contact defense, such as evasion by maneuver (rapid change in movement parameters) and counter-preemptive strike with timely detection of an attack.

In connection with the information reflected in the sources [15, 16, 17], we can conclude that the automatic change in speed to establish a given distance D between the machines of the protected group of 100-150 meters and maintaining this distance for a certain time is an important and significant measure to increase the security of mobile ground objects.

The means of communication 34 between the means of detecting 45 the fact of the use of WTO means and the protected mobile ground objects 46 are standard radio stations. The distance between standard means of detecting 45 the fact of using WTO means and protected mobile ground objects 46 is determined by the communication range of radio stations [18, p. 38-39].

Thus, high-precision ammunition 44 of the enemy can be detected at a considerable distance from the protected mobile ground object 46 (at a distance equal to the detection range of the enemy's VTB by standard means of detecting 45 the fact of using WTO means and a distance C between the standard means of detecting 45 the fact of using WTO means and mobile ground objects 46, which is set taking into account the communication range of radio stations installed on standard means of detecting 45 the fact of using WTO means and protected mobile ground objects 46).

The proposed protection system protects mobile ground objects from high-precision ammunition on the march by rapidly changing the parameters of their movement by automatically increasing the speed and distance between vehicles, as well as maintaining a given distance for a certain time, with the possibility of preliminary execution of this measure when high-precision ammunition is detected by standard detection means the fact of the use of WTO funds. Automation of increasing the speed and distance between vehicles, as well as maintaining a given distance for a certain time, excludes a number of actions of the driver (driver) during manual control, affecting the speed of this operation, thereby reducing the time before countering the enemy's high-precision weapons, and in the case of surprise attack VTB implements the automatic implementation of this protection measure.

Consider a situation with a reduction in the time before the start of countering the enemy's precision-guided weapons. The established relative psychophysiological constancy of the driver's reaction time to danger is secured by a patent for an invention issued to the author in 1999 [19]. It established that the maximum permissible value of the reaction time of vehicle drivers to a hazard with a probability of 0.997 (99.7%) is 1.3 seconds. In some situations, due to the characteristics of the human body, beyond the control of his consciousness and will, the reaction time is more than 1.4 seconds [20].

With a flight speed of modern cruise missiles of the order of 800 ... 900 km / h [21] in 1.4 seconds, a cruise missile will fly a distance of about 308-350 meters, during which time the BTR-82 at a speed of 80 km / h will travel 30 meters, this distance is 3.9 times its length, which is 7.6 meters. When VTB hits one of the mobile ground objects in the column, the epicenter of the explosion for vehicles moving in front and behind the affected mobile object will be displaced 30 meters further than the previously set distance to them, which will reduce the level of damage caused by the impact of VTB's damaging factors.

Ensuring the safety of the crew when firing grenades with jamming equipment with open hatches on mobile ground objects has been used repeatedly earlier, which is confirmed by the information displayed in this source [22] and technical solutions indicated in related areas [23, 24] can also be applied to achieve this goals.

The use of jamming equipment for grenades, providing an increase in the duration of the existence of an aerosol curtain to protect a column of mobile ground objects from VTB in motion on the march, is carried out by the composition of the equipment as in the source [10] with the addition of an incendiary composition, for example, mixtures based on aluminum, magnesium or their alloys, titanium, zirconium as a fuel and nitrates of barium, sodium, perchlorates of sodium, potassium, ammonium, organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that any of the proposed incendiary compositions of fuel and oxidizer will be a promising composition for creating intense thermal radiation [13]. The duration of the fire clouds will be 8 minutes in the optical (visible) range, and 7 minutes in the infrared range [10].

The number of launchers for shooting countermeasures has been increased by four, instead of six launchers there are ten, for the grenades of the second set of launchers, the third type of consumable has been added. By increasing the number of launchers with jamming equipment for grenades, which allows not only to set a smoke screen, but also to use it as a decoy in the form of several clouds of fire, i.e. objects with high temperature and luminosity, the number of false targets on a given volume of space has been added, which has reduced the likelihood of hitting mobile ground objects. The volume of the protected space has increased in comparison with the prototype due to the setting of four high-temperature decoys over each protected object. Two high-temperature false targets in the form of fire clouds emitting radiation in the infrared range are formed in front and two behind each protected object on either side of its sides. With the help of the information specified in the source [14], the necessity of using additional decoys to improve the quality of protection of mobile ground objects from precision weapons is substantiated.

The proposed system can be implemented using existing tools and materials.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Paliy A.I. Electronic warfare. M .: Voenizdat, 1974, S. 217-218.

2. Paliy A.I. Electronic warfare. M .: Voenizdat, 1989, S. 170-172.

3. Patent for invention 2087835 Russian Federation. Device for protecting equipment on the march from the impact of cluster warheads / V.F. Evstafiev, S.V. Ivanushkin, V.V. Sanin, M.B. Pavlov, A.A. Buchnev, V.V. Kozyrev, G.I. Karavaev, S.N. Baratayev, S.I. Dotsenko, I.V. Rudenko. - No. 9595108364; app. 05.24.1995; publ. 08/20/1997.

4. Patent for invention 2187062 Russian Federation. Method and device for protecting an object of armored vehicles / S.V. Grinenko, G.A. Gumenyuk, V.I. Evdokimov, B.A. Korshunov, Yu.M. Kravchenko, V.D. Rebrikov, A.I. Sidorov. - No. 2000121121/02; app. 08/04/2000; publ. 10.08.2002, Bul. No. 22.

5. Patent for invention 2255293 Russian Federation. Method of setting active interference to optical-electronic devices / A.M. Bulkin, A.V. Golovin, V.I. Kornilov, A.A. Kuznetsov, D.L. Shergin, V.D. Rebrikov, A.I. Sidorov. - No. 2000131047/02; app. 12/14/2000; publ. June 27, 2005, Bul. No. 18.

6. Patent for invention 2285888 Russian Federation. A method of protecting a mobile ground object from detection and destruction by high-precision weapons with infrared homing heads and a shielding device for its implementation / V.P. Shilkin, V.D. Polyakov, S.A. Tarasov, G.Yu. Dvorchenko, E.I. Tsybizov, N.N. Churybkin. - No. 2004109942/02; app. 04/02/2004; publ. 20.10.2006, Bul. No. 29.

7. Tarasenko, A.M. Comprehensive protection of armored vehicles. Ukrainian approach / A.M. Tarasenko. -Equipment and weapons yesterday, today, tomorrow. - 2007. - No. 2. - C. 10-16.

8. Patent for invention 2651788 Russian Federation. Protection device for armored vehicles on the march from the impact of cluster combat elements with multichannel target sensors / G.A. Gumenyuk, V.I. Evdokimov, V.I. Kornilov and V.I. Martyshin, V.V. Stepanov. - No. 2016133130; app. 08/10/2016; publ. 04/23/2018, Bul. No. 12.

9. Patent for invention 2321816 Russian Federation. A method of protecting objects of armored vehicles and a device for its implementation / V.A. Shvaikovsky, V.D. Koblev and A.I. Demler, Shirin Latif oglu Huseynov, P.A. Storozhenko. - No. 2006115549/02; app. 05.05.2006; publ. 10.04.2008, Bul. No. 10.

10. Patent for invention 2388736 Russian Federation. A method of creating an aerosol cloud for a camouflage smoke screen or decoy / I.P. Prokopiev, G.N. Yakunin, A.F. Chabak. - No. 2008138622/02; app. 09/30/2008; publ. 10.05.2010, Bul. No. 13.

11. Gusev, D.A. Complexes of active protection / D.A. Gusev. - Tula: “Izvestiya TulSU. Technical science. Issue 12. Part 4, 2016. - S. 92-93.

12. Patent for invention 2682144 Russian Federation. Method of protecting ground objects from high-precision ammunition homing to infrared radiation / Yu.I. Starodubtsev, D.N. Repin, S.G. Dubinin, M.A. Davlyatova, E.V. Vershennik, O.G. Shuvalov. - No. 2018112346; app. 04/05/2018; publ. 03/14/2019, Bul. No. 8.

13. Ershov, A.Yu. Creation of intense thermal radiation using pyrotechnic compositions / A.Yu. Ershov, D.B. Demyanenko, V.A. Andreeva, S.V. Egorov. - St. Petersburg: “Izvestia of the St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University). No. 21, 2013. - S. 72-75.

14. Agishev, A.G. Probabilistic approach to solving the problem of determining the effectiveness of the use of false targets / A.G. Agishev, V.V. Bondarenko. - Minsk: “Science and military security. No. 1, 2006. - S. 7-10.

15. Combat regulations for the preparation and conduct of combined arms combat. Part 3. Platoon, squad, tank. -M .: Military publishing house, 2005, C 115, 118.

16. Abolonchikov, V.V. Some ways to protect the elements of the MTO system from high-precision weapons and ways of their implementation / V.V. Abolonchikov, I.V. Lysenko. - SPb: “Science and military security. No. 3.2016. - S. 43-47.

17. Evdokimov V.I. Non-contact protection / V.I. Evdokimov, G.A. Gumenyuk, M.S. Andryushchenko. - SPb .: Publishing house: "Renome", 2009. - S. 155-156.

18. Lepeshinsky, I.Yu. Communication training. Textbook / I.Yu. Lepeshinsky, V.V. Glebov, O. I. Chikirev, V.P. Pogodaev, V.B. Listkov, V.F. Terekhov, V.V. Belikov, D.Yu. Pereguda. - Omsk: Publishing house OmSTU, 2011. - S. 38-39.

19. Patent for invention 2134062 Russian Federation. Method of determining the professional suitability of an operator to control moving and stationary objects / F.Kh. Ermakov. - No. 96107086/14; app. 04/10/1996; publ. 08/10/1999.

20. Kolchurin, A.G. Determination of the driver's reaction time in the investigation of road traffic crimes / A.G. Kolchurin. - Krasnodar: "Society and Law". No. 4, 2016. - S. 128-130.

21. Bear A. N. Cruise missiles and how to deal with them [Electronic resource] // Military Review. System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. URL: https://topwar.ru/31118-aktualnaya-tema-krylatye-rakety-i-kak-s-nimi-borotsya.html (date of access: 09/06/2020).

22. Patent for invention 2151360 Russian Federation. A mobile combat vehicle with a complex of counteraction to guided, homing weapons and artillery weapons with laser rangefinders. Abramovsky, A.D. Budilov, G.S. Gorsevan, M.A. Leibin, N.N. Makarov, A.G. Makeev, N.A. Molodnyakov, Yu.N. Neugebauer, V.I. Potkin. - No. 98117836/02; app. 09/29/1998; publ. 06/20/2000, Bul. No. 17.

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24. Patent for invention 2280898 Russian Federation. Device for signaling about the opening of an object / Yu.A. Gusev, L.B. Kuznetsov, O. V. Krifux, S.M. Karabanov, N.G. Tsedilin, A.A. Nikitin. - No. 2004120600/09; app. 07/05/2004; publ. 07/27/2006, Bul. No. 21.

Claims (6)

1. A system for protecting mobile ground objects from homing and self-aiming high-precision ammunition on the march, containing two sets of launchers with jamming grenades, the first of which ensures the setting of a masking aerosol curtain in the air, the second - false targets, a control unit for the protection system, connected with a control panel and a light board, an indicator of radar illumination from the side of active target sensors, connected to the first input of the control unit, and a transceiver with an antenna-feeder system for receiving or transmitting information about the threat, interconnected with the second input of the control unit, the first and second outputs which are associated with the first and second sets of launchers, an optoelectronic direction finder to determine the fact of approaching the controlled viewing area of combat elements with passive sensors, a smoke generator with emitters and a third set of launchers, while the optoelectronic direction finder is turned on It includes a set of receiving modules and a threat signal switch, the signal inputs of which are connected to the outputs of these modules, and the output to the third input of the control unit, and the generator emitters are installed in the third set of launchers connected to the third output of the control unit, respectively, differing in that that additionally introduced a system of automatic control of the speed and distance between vehicles, sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades when the hatches of the crew and landing troops are open, as jamming equipment for grenades fired from the first set of launchers, a composition containing hollow aluminosilicate microspheres with nanopores covered with a metal layer was used in the walls and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizer, in the second set the number of launchers is increased by four, instead of six There are ten of these installations, for the grenades of the second set of installations, equipment of the third type has been added, which is made of metal-coated aluminosilicate microspheres with nanopores in the walls and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent, while the electronic control unit of the automatic speed control system and the distance between the machines is connected to the fourth output of the protection system operation control unit, the protection system operation control unit is connected not only with the control panel and light display, but also with the intercom equipment for sound notifying the crew and troops about the attack, the sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades when the hatches of the crew and troops are open, located on the hatches, are connected with the fourth input of the control unit for the protection system. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system for automatic control of the speed and distance between the machines includes at least a steering angle sensor, a displacement sensor for the high pressure fuel pump regulator lever, a brake pedal force measurement sensor, a sensor position of the transmission control selector, a sensor for measuring the speed of a moving ground object, an engine crankshaft position sensor, a lidar, four radar radars integrated with video cameras, an electronic control unit for an automatic speed and distance control system, an electric power steering, a regulator control lever servo, articulated connected to the lever of the regulator of the high-pressure fuel pump, the fuel cut-off servo, the linear actuator of the brake pedal drive, the device for moving the lever of the transmission control selector. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensors for blocking the shooting of grenades when the crew and landing hatches are open are located on the hatches of the crew and the landing of a mobile ground object and include reed switches with detectors and magnets, reed switches with detectors are attached to the surface of each hatch, and the magnets are parallel to the reed switches with detectors on the surface of the cover of each hatch. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the second set of launchers includes at least ten launchers involved simultaneously in the protection cycle and represented by two groups of five each, launchers in groups are placed along the sides of the facility , for example, in its middle part, with the possibility of ejecting jamming equipment from grenade casings in the immediate vicinity of the object and setting false targets over it, while the axial lines of the barrels of the first and fifth launchers are directed to the upper hemisphere, the firing planes are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the object, when orienting the center lines of the first installations along the direction of movement, and the fifth in the opposite direction, the trunks of the second, third, fourth launchers are installed with a "negative" elevation angle, the projections of the center lines of the trunks of the second, third installations on the horizontal plane are oriented at acute angles with respect to the longitudinal axis of the object in the direction of e about movement, and the projections of the center lines of the barrels of the fourth launchers are oriented perpendicular to its longitudinal axis. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, as jamming equipment for grenades fired from the first set of launchers, a composition containing hollow aluminosilicate microspheres covered with a metal layer no more than 1 micrometer thick with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0, is used, 18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size of hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent. 6. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 4, characterized in that the equipment for grenades of the second set of installations, scattered from the casings of grenades, includes three types, the equipment of the first type installed in the barrel of the third installation of each of the groups is made in the form of metallized particles of the "confetti" type made of thin aluminum foil, equipment of the second type, installed in the barrels of the second and fourth installations - based on red phosphorus, made in the form of tablets with a central through channel and an igniting composition applied to their end sections, equipment of the third type installed in the trunks of the first and fifth installations is made from hollow aluminosilicate microspheres covered with a metal layer no more than 1 micrometer thick with nanopores in the walls, with a density of 0.18-0.9 g / cm ³ , with a size of up to 150 micrometers and filled with hydrogen as a combustible component, with a nanopore size corresponding to the size hydrogen molecules, with an incendiary composition of a mixture based on aluminum as a fuel th and organic fluorine-containing compounds as an oxidizing agent.

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