RU2751135C1 - Anti-fragmentation and anti-cumulative gabion apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: anti-fragmentation and anti-cumulative gabion apparatus (AAGA) relates to defensive structures intended for fortification of positions of motorised infantry, tank and artillery units, points of temporary deployment of troops, within a short time in order to protect personnel, military equipment, transport and materiel, and additionally usable in construction of hydraulic structures, strengthening of road slopes, as pre-fabricated fencing in flood control measures associated with flooding of rivers, lakes, water reservoirs, with an increased the water level on a sea coast. The anti-fragmentation and anti-cumulative gabion apparatus includes two flat metal galvanised anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation meshes (4) and a removable metal apron (5), wherein the two flat metal galvanised anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation meshes (4) are connected with the inner part of the frame (1), hingedly connected by spirals (2) and fixed by mounting rods (6), the removable metal apron (5) is hingedly connected by spirals (2) with the lower part of the frame (1) and fixed by a mounting rod (6).

EFFECT: reduced probability of destruction of the structure caused by the impact of high-explosive fragmentation and cumulative ammunition and the deceased value of the depth of penetration of a projectile into the structure.

1 cl, 7 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

An anti-fragmentation and anti-cumulative gabion device (PPGU) refers to defensive structures that are designed for fortification equipment in a short time of positions of motorized rifle, tank and artillery units, points of temporary deployment of troops in order to protect personnel, military equipment, transport and materiel, and can also , used in the construction of hydraulic structures, strengthening the slopes of roads, as pre-fabricated barriers for flood control measures associated with flooding of rivers, lakes, reservoirs and an increase in the water level on the sea coast.

Interpretation of terms used in the application.

A gabion device is understood as a braid, a basket without a bottom, stuffed with earth and serving to cover people working during the siege and defense of fortresses from bullets and guns of field troops. (Dictionary of the Russian language: in 4 volumes / RAS, Institute of Linguistic Research; Edited by A.P. Evgenieva. - 4th ed., Sr. - M .: Rus.yaz .; Polygraphresursy, 1999, https : //tutmet.ru/gabiony-korobchatye-makkaferri-svarnye-pergonmontazh).

The frame is understood as the supporting internal or external structure of a building, mechanisms, structures, apparatuses. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/ 356890.html).

A mounting rod is a cylindrical rod with a tapered end, which serves to center and guide the detachable parts of structures to be connected. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/456467.html).

Known device implemented in the invention "Gruntogabion" (RF patent for invention No. 2131493, IPC E02B 3/12, 3/04. E02D 17/20, published 10.06.1999). In the ground gabion, which is a mesh frame made of galvanized metal wire with a filler, and the frame is equipped with an inner cover made of synthetic geotextile material or fiberglass, and soil or dispersed material is used as a filler, including a heat-insulating material with mechanized filling and compaction of the filler, mainly by pressing ... The dispersed material used was asbestos waste, tailings of concentration plants, granulated slag, ash-ash waste from power plants, burnt rocks of mine workings, peat. The disadvantages of the gruntogabion are: high probability of destruction of the gruntogabion from the impact of high-explosive fragmentation and cumulative ammunition; significant depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure.

The known device implemented in the invention "Protective system for the coastline" (RF patent for invention No. 2529741, IPC E02B / 04, E02B 3/12, E02D 29/02 published on September 27, 2014). The invention relates to a protective system designed to preserve and restore the coastline. The protective system contains a gabion having opposite side walls, interconnected at certain intervals along the length of the gabion by several dividing walls, and the gaps between adjacent pairs of dividing walls, together with the side walls, delimit one separate compartment of the gabion. At least one separate gabion compartment is delimited by respective opposite side walls or opposite side wall portions in respective opposite side walls. The dividing walls are pivotally connected to the side walls, and a separate gabion compartment extends outwardly with partial convergence of the open frame panels, which form a generally or partially protruding gabion compartment. The disadvantages of the protective system for the coastline are: high probability of destruction of the protective system for the coastline when used as an engineering structure from the effects of high-explosive and cumulative ammunition; significant depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure.

There is a known device implemented in the invention "Protective wall of gabions" (RF patent for invention No. 2459904, IPC E02B 3/04, E02B 3/12, E02D 17/20, published on August 27, 2012). The protective wall consists of a frame that forms a three-dimensional multi-section structure of gabions. Gabions are made in the form of truncated pyramids, including lateral sections of the knitting mesh, connected to trapezoidal transverse mesh frames. The transverse mesh frames have hinges for removing the gabion frame. At the same time, the angles at the base are equal to the average angle of repose of the compacted soil aggregate. The disadvantages of a protective wall made of gabions are: a high probability of destruction of the protective wall made of gabions from the impact of high-explosive and cumulative ammunition; significant depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure.

There is a known device implemented in the invention "Gabion Design" (RF patent for invention No. 2131493, IPC E02B 3/04, published on June 10, 1997). Gabion consists of a frame made of separate flat longitudinal and transverse rectangular mesh frames, interconnected by spiral elements in a volumetric multi-section structure, with a protective shell made of synthetic fabric and ground filler fixed inside. The disadvantages of the gabion design are: when used as an engineering structure for military purposes, there is a high probability of destruction of the gabion design from the impact of high-explosive and cumulative ammunition; significant depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure.

Known device implemented in the invention "Volumetric gabion structure", taken as a prototype (RF patent for invention No. 2651591, E02B 3/04, E02B 3/12, E04H 9/04, F41H 3/02 published on 23.04.2018). The structure consists of: a frame made of sheets of meshes, hingedly connected by spirals to each other in separate sections and forming multi-section structures, interconnected in length by mounting rods, with a protective shell installed inside each section and fixed to the mesh, designed to prevent the spillage of soil filler ... The sections are installed in several rows parallel to each other at a distance equal to the width of additional mesh sheets, which are installed perpendicularly between the rows and connect the sections of different rows. Additional mesh sheets are quick-detachable, for which additional spirals are installed on their sides, which are connected to spirals installed on the mesh sheets of row sections, with mounting rods inserted inside the spirals. Additional mesh sheets can be made non-removable and attached to the mesh sheets of the row sections during installation with spirals, they can also be provided with protective shells that cover them on both sides. A woven or non-woven material, such as geotextiles, can be used as the material for the protective fabric cover. Metal brackets can be used to attach the protective shell. The disadvantages of the known volumetric gabion structure are: high probability of destruction of the volumetric gabion structure from the impact of high-explosive fragmentation and cumulative ammunition; significant depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure.

A technical problem in this area is: a high probability of destruction of the structure from the impact of high-explosive and cumulative ammunition and a significant depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure due to the absence of flat metal galvanized anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation nets and a removable metal apron.

The technical problem is being solved by creating a PPGU, which allows to reduce the likelihood of destruction of the structure from the impact of high-explosive and cumulative ammunition and to reduce the depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure by using additional structural components: flat metal galvanized anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation nets; removable metal apron.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by the fact that an anti-fragmentation and anti-cumulative gabion device, including a frame, connecting spirals, a protective shell, mounting rods, and the frame is made of galvanized metal nets, hingedly connected by spirals to each other in separate sections and forming multi-section structures, interconnected in the length of the mounting rods, with a protective shell installed inside each section and fixed to the mesh, additionally contains two flat galvanized metal anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation nets, a removable metal apron, and two flat galvanized metal anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation nets are connected to the inner part of the frame, are hinged by spirals and fixed by mounting rods, a removable metal apron is hingedly connected with spirals to the lower part of the frame and fixed by a mounting rod.

The presence in this invention of a set of features that differ from the prototype makes it possible to consider it as corresponding to the "novelty" condition.

New features, which contain the optimal part of the claims, have not been identified in a technical solution for a similar purpose. On this basis, it can be concluded that the claimed invention meets the condition "inventive step".

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the figures:

fig. 1 is a diagram of the general view of the SSGU;

fig. 2 - diagram of the CCGT installed in one row;

fig. 3-diagram of PPGU (top view);

fig. 4 is a diagram of a hinged spiral connection of two anti-cumulative grids;

fig. 5 - a variant of the PSGU in the position for transportation;

fig. 6 is a diagram of a CCGT unit installed in one row, in two tiers;

fig. 7 - diagram of the PPGU installation from the position for transportation to

position for intended use.

FIG. 1 shows:

1 - frame;

2 - connecting spirals;

3 - protective sheath (nonwoven needle-punched thermocalendered fiber cloth);

4 - flat galvanized metal anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation nets;

5 - removable metal apron;

6 - mounting rods.

Implementation of the invention.

The frame is a known device. Designed to support load-bearing internal or external structures of buildings, mechanisms, structures, apparatuses (Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/356890.html). As an option, it consists of four flat galvanized metal nets, contact welded from a wire with a diameter of 4 mm, with a square cell measuring 75 × 75 mm, hingedly interconnected by connecting spirals, made of galvanized steel wire with a diameter of 3 mm. On the inner side, along the perimeter of the PPGU, a protective sheath 3 is fixed, made of a non-woven needle-punched thermocalendered fabric, consisting of polyester fibers (Figs. 1-4).

The mounting rod is a known device. It is intended for centering and guiding the connected detachable parts of structures. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/456467.html). As an option, it consists of a cylindrical rod with a tapered end, made of galvanized steel wire, 8 mm in diameter, designed to connect PPGUs to each other along the length when equipping protective walls in one or two tiers and for fixing flat galvanized metal nets and a removable metal apron.

Connecting coils are a known device. Designed for hinged fastening of structural elements. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/356783.html). Alternatively, they consist of an open galvanized steel wire with a diameter of 3 mm, and allow the device to be mounted and dismantled in compact packages for transportation (Fig. 5).

The protective shell is a known device. Designed to retain loose soils (sand, sandy loam, gravel-sand mixtures or dry loam), and also prevents it from falling out through the steel mesh frame under the influence of atmospheric precipitation. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ ushakov / 489113.html). As an option, it consists of a non-woven needle-punched thermocalendered fabric, consisting of polyester fibers.

Flat metal anti-cumulative and anti-splinter mesh is a well-known device. Designed to prevent or reduce the destructive effect of the cumulative jet and fragments. (Evaluation of the action of a protective device of a dynamic type on an armored obstacle. A. V. Kuchinsky, M. I. Vaskovsky, I. B. Chepkov, A. N. Negovsky. Artillery. And small arms. - 2006. - No. 4 https: / /ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ anti-cumulative grid). As an option, it consists of galvanized metal wire with a diameter of 4 mm, contact welded to each other in square cells measuring 75 × 75 mm, connected by mounting rods 6.

Removable metal apron is a known device. Designed to protect the top of any device, mechanism, etc. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012 https://slovar.cc/rus/ushakov/679234.html). As an option, it consists of a galvanized metal mesh, welded by a contact method from a wire with a diameter of 4 mm, with a square cell measuring 75 × 75 mm, designed to protect the joint between devices installed in two tiers from penetration by a projectile.

The device is used as follows.

The product is designed for operation at ambient temperatures from -40 ° C to + 40 ° C, relative air humidity 95% and using soils of I-IV categories. Depending on the nature of the fortification equipment of positions and points of temporary deployment of troops, the terrain, the time for completing tasks, soil conditions, the availability of local building materials and the time of year, the construction of structures from the PPSU is carried out in the required number of them in one row in width and in two tiers in height. (Fig. 6), in addition, the PPGU can be used for the construction of mobile and stationary checkpoints, points of material and technical support in urban and field conditions in two or three rows in width and in two or more tiers in height.

The procedure for the construction of the SSGU. The site area intended for the installation of the PPGU is prepared in advance, the soil is leveled, weak spots or low-lying areas with groundwater lying 0.5 m below the foot of the structure are reinforced with building materials (sand and gravel mixture, crushed stone, etc.). On the site, measures should be taken to drain rainwater and arrange access roads. Then the PPGUs are laid out around the perimeter of the structure and deployed into the working (operational) position (Fig. 7), where the direction of the PPGU installation from the position for transportation to the position for intended use is shown at position 7.

If it is necessary to prevent washing out and blowing out of the bulk material, the lower edge of the protective shell of the PPGU is expanded (staples are removed) and, when installed, is folded inside the sections of the gabion device.

The filling of the PPGU with local or imported soil (sand, sand-earth mixture, gravel-sand mixture, sandy loam and other materials) is carried out mechanically or manually, simultaneously, starting from the center of the line to the right and left, to reduce the total construction time.

In the process of filling the PPGU with a pound, it is compacted as it is filled, but at least two to three times until each section is completely filled.

After the erection of the protective wall, camouflage work is carried out with the help of local camouflage materials (branches, sod, grass, etc.), and, if available, with the use of service camouflage kits. For this purpose, the outer side of the PPGU protective shell can be coated with paint that matches the background of the terrain.

Dismantling of the CCGT unit is carried out in the reverse order of its installation. This requires:

- to ensure the opening of the PPGU sections, leveling and selecting the soil near the opening sections to the width of the opening;

- free the sections from the soil;

- remove the mounting rods 6 connecting the gabion device;

- clean the PGU from soil;

- fold the PSGU (Fig. 5).

Implementation of the invention.

1. The probability of destruction of a PPGU from the impact of high-explosive and cumulative ammunition is determined by the formula (Abchuk V.A. and others. Handbook of operations research. / Under the general editorship of F.A.Matveichuk - M: Military Publishing House, - 1979, 368 s., P. 271):

where n is the number of projectiles fired;

m is the number of hits;

P _{n, m} - the probability of hits with n the number of projectiles fired, taken in the calculations, is 0.5;

G (m) is the quantitative value of the damage to the structure, determined by the method of static tests during computational experiments and is 0.94 for the volumetric gabion structure (prototype), and 0.64 for the PPGU. As a result, the probability of destruction w (times) decreases from 0.47 to 0.32 (table 1).

2. The depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure of the PPGU due to the installed additional flat metal galvanized anti-cumulative and anti-fragmentation nets and a removable metal apron is determined by the formula 7 (Means of destruction and ammunition: Textbook / AV Babkin et al.; Ed. By V. V. Selivanov. - M .: Publishing house of MSTU named after N.E.Bauman, 2008. - 984 p: p. 266):

where λ is a coefficient depending on the shape of the projectile warhead, λ = 0.3;

K _pr - the coefficient of material compliance to penetration (penetration coefficient), is K _pr = 30⋅10 ^-7 with installed flat galvanized metal anti-cumulative and anti-spalling nets and a removable metal apron, K _pr = 60⋅10 ^-7 excluding the installation of flat galvanized metal anti-cumulative and anti-splinter nets and a removable metal apron;

P is the mass of the projectile, kg;

d is the diameter of the projectile, m;

V is the velocity of the projectile at the moment of impact, m / s;

α is the meeting angle, i.e. the angle between the axis of the projectile at the point of impact and

perpendicular to the surface of the obstacle at the same point.

As a result, the depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure, h _np , decreases from 1.44 to 0.96 (Table 2).

The presented information testifies to the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed invention:

- a device that embodies the claimed invention in its implementation is intended to protect personnel, military equipment, vehicles and materiel;

- the claimed invention, when implemented, is capable of providing a minimum probability of destruction and reducing the depth of penetration of the projectile into the structure;

- for the claimed device in the form in which it is described in the claims, the possibility of its implementation is confirmed using the means and methods described in the application and known before the priority date.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

An anti-fragmentation and anti-cumulative gabion device, including a frame made of sheets of nets, pivotally connected by spirals to each other in separate sections and forming multi-section structures, interconnected in length by mounting rods, with a protective shell installed inside each section and fixed to the mesh, characterized in that, which contains two flat galvanized metal anti-cumulative and anti-splinter nets and a removable metal apron, and two flat metal galvanized anti-cumulative and anti-splinter nets are connected to the inside of the frame, hinged by spirals and fixed by mounting rods, a removable metal apron is hingedly connected by spirals to the lower part of the frame mounting rod.

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