RU2812868C1 - Gabion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction; prefabricated engineering structures.

SUBSTANCE: invention is a prefabricated engineering structure designed to protect protected objects from the effects of damaging elements such as fragments and bullets, as well as to prevent unauthorized entry of vehicles into the protected area by creating a physical obstacle. The gabion consists of a bottomless mesh frame formed by side sections of mesh panels consisting of metal wire, while the mesh panels are adjacent with their end ribs to one another and are connected to each other using flexible twisted wire, forming a rigid box for bulk materials, and the section walls are lined with textile material on the inside along their perimeter. The gabion consists of several folding modular sections, each of which has sides located longitudinally to the gabion modules, formed by two identical sections of mesh, connected in the middle part of the longitudinal sides of the section by flexible twisted wire, and this connection is made movable, with the possibility of folding the longitudinal sides of the section inward so that the transverse sections, when folded, fit snugly against the longitudinal sections.

EFFECT: providing the ability to quickly erect and quickly dismantle the gabion structure, increasing the load-bearing capacity under the action of a transverse horizontal load, preventing, in the event of damage to one module from which the filler spills out, the rapid loss of the protective properties of the gabion as a whole, and hiding the load-bearing frame.

7 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The proposed solution relates to the field of construction and is a prefabricated engineering structure designed to protect protected objects from the effects of damaging elements such as shrapnel and bullets, as well as to prevent unauthorized entry of vehicles into the protected area by creating a physical obstacle.

A known box-shaped gabion is reinforced with piles created using discharge-pulse technology with a steel reinforced I-beam element, containing a mesh frame with filler, which is laid on geotextiles, while steel reinforcing longitudinal bars are rigidly, for example, using electric arc welding, attached to the upper part of the protruding steel I-beam , and the steel reinforcing transverse bars are rigidly attached, for example, using electric arc welding, above the longitudinal steel reinforcing bars on both sides of the protruding steel I-beam (patent RU159246U, published 02/10/2016).

The disadvantages of the known design of a box-shaped gabion reinforced with piles created using discharge-pulse technology with a steel I-beam reinforcement element are:

- the absence of the possibility of complete dismantling and re-installation in another place, since the main load-bearing elements of the structure are rigidly interconnected by means of electric arc welding;

- high cost of construction work due to the use of special technological equipment.

In addition, the rapid construction of a gabion with piles, especially in combat conditions, is difficult.

A gabion is known, consisting of a mesh frame with a filler, reinforced with piles, characterized in that it contains a load-bearing frame formed by means of collapsible flange connections of screw piles and steel beams interconnected by steel ropes, the inner surface of the section is formed from several welded meshes and, in turn, all welded meshes are combined with each other through collapsible connections formed by spring clamps and clamping brackets (patent RU178449U, publ.: 2018.04.04).

The disadvantages of the known gabion design are the inability to completely dismantle and reinstall in another location, since in addition to the meshes, the gabion contains a load-bearing frame formed by means of dismountable flange connections of screw piles and steel beams.

In addition, the rapid construction of a gabion with piles, especially in combat conditions, is difficult.

The closest analogue is a flood control gabion containing sections of mesh panels and geotextile bags for filling with bulk material. Mesh sheets consist of galvanized metal wire with a diameter of at least 400 mm, where the vertical and horizontal elements are connected by welding, while the mesh sheets are adjacent to each other with their end ribs and are connected to each other using flexible twisted wire, forming a rigid box for bulk materials. The sections form a structure of gabions of different geometric shapes and a rigid box using embedded parts and flexible twisted wire with a diameter of at least 300 mm of one row in height, fixed to the front surface. A geotextile bag is laid inside the section and filled in layers with sand or local soil. To increase the stability of the section, its base is secured with anchors with a diameter of at least 16 mm to a depth of at least 1500 mm. (patent RU142708U, published June 27, 2014).

The technical problem of the prototype is:

- low load-bearing capacity under the action of a transverse horizontal load arising from impact from striking elements or a vehicle, due to the single-row design of power elements capable of absorbing significant bending forces, in contrast to bulk materials that work only in compression;

- there is no modularity of the filling elements of the sections that form the structure of the gabion, since one bag is laid inside one section, if damaged, the filler spills out of it and the protective properties of the gabion as a whole are lost.

Today, in modern conditions of combat zones, the task is to quickly construct protective structures for checkpoints on the one hand, and at the same time - the reliability and secrecy of the contents of the gabion - on the other hand. Namely: in preventing vehicles and large fragments of destructive elements from penetrating the inner surface of the gabion, in making it difficult to obtain data on the tactical and technical characteristics of the structure, in ensuring the possibility of quick and complete dismantling of all parts of the gabion and the same quick re-installation of the structure in another place.

All the solutions described above do not satisfy these problems.

The purpose of this solution is to solve these problems and eliminate the technical problems inherent in known solutions.

The technical result of the claimed device is the ability to quickly erect and quickly dismantle the gabion structure, with a greater load-bearing capacity under the action of a transverse horizontal load than in the prototype. In addition, the modularity of the filling elements of the sections that form the gabion structure is ensured, which allows:

- if one module from which filler spills out is damaged, prevent rapid loss of the protective properties of the gabion as a whole;

- ensure the secrecy of the power frame.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that a gabion is claimed, consisting of a bottomless mesh frame formed by side sections of mesh panels consisting of metal wire, while the mesh panels are adjacent with their end ribs to one another and are connected to each other using flexible twisted wire , forming a rigid box for bulk materials, and textile material is laid along the perimeter of the section walls on the inside, characterized in that the gabion consists of several folding modular sections, each of which has sides located longitudinally to the gabion modules, formed by two identical mesh sections connected in the middle part of the longitudinal sides of the section with a flexible twisted wire, and this connection is made movable, with the possibility of folding the longitudinal sides of the section inward so that the transverse sections, when folded, fit tightly to the longitudinal sections.

Preferably, the connection of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the mesh frame with flexible twisted wire is made in such a way that the flexible twisted wire simultaneously serves as a node connection for the adjacent modular section of the gabion.

It is acceptable that the connection of similar gabion sections to each other is carried out using brackets inserted with their ends inside the space of the flexible twisted wire of the connected sections.

It is preferable that two identical mesh sections are connected by flexible twisted wire with a distance from the edges of each mesh.

It is preferable that all meshes are connected by flexible twisted wire using a welded joint.

Preferably, geotextile material in the form of a tarpaulin is laid inside the section and filled in layers with sand or local soil.

Preferably, to increase the stability of the section, a concrete pyramid or anti-tank hedgehog is laid at the base.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 shows the design of the gabion according to the stated solution and a close-up of part of the mesh.

Figure 2 shows the structure of the gabion frame in volume and a close-up of part of the mesh.

Figure 3 shows the design of the gabion frame (A - view from the end side wall, B - view from the longitudinal side wall).

Figure 4 shows an example of laying gabion sections in folded form (transport state).

Figure 5 shows an example of covering concrete pyramids and anti-tank hedgehogs with a gabion frame.

Figure 6 and Figure 7 show examples of multi-row construction of gabion sections.

Figure 8 shows an example of placing gabion sections on a road with a hidden power frame.

Figure 8 shows the modular principle of connecting sections to form a T-shaped structure.

Figure 9 shows a prototype gabion in working condition.

In the drawings: 1 - section of the gabion frame, 2 - transverse side of the gabion frame, 3 - longitudinal side of the gabion frame, 3.1, 3.2 - left and right parts of the longitudinal side of the frame, respectively, and flexible twisted wire - 4 connecting them, 5 - geotextile fabric , 6 - folded section of the frame, 7 - flexible twisted wire connecting the longitudinal and transverse sides of the frame, 8 - pallet, 9 - anti-tank hedgehog, 10 - concrete pyramid, 11 - soil.

Carrying out the invention

The gabion consists of a bottomless mesh frame formed by side sections 2 and 3 of mesh panels consisting of metal wire, while the mesh panels are adjacent with their end ribs to one another and are connected to each other using flexible twisted wire 7 (see Fig. 1- Fig.3), forming a rigid box for bulk materials.

Textile material 5 is laid along the perimeter of the section walls on the inside.

What is new is that the gabion consists of several folding modular sections of the frame 1, each of which has sides located longitudinally to 3 gabion modules, formed by two identical sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the mesh, connected in the middle part of the longitudinal sides of section 3 by flexible twisted wire 4. This the connection of parts 3.1 and 3.2 is made movable, with the possibility of folding the longitudinal sides of section 3 inward so that the transverse sections 2, when folded, fit tightly to the longitudinal sections 3.

This design of the gabion, due to the bottomless design and the folding longitudinal section 3, allows for compact folding 6 of many connected sections (see Fig. 4), which are easily placed on a pallet 8 for transportation, and then placed in a freight vehicle using a forklift.

Due to the many modules of the same type of sections of the frame 1, assembled into one, it is possible to quickly erect a gabion structure, since for construction it is enough to unfold the sections of the frame 1 of the gabion and pour soil 11 or sand into them manually or using machinery.

The same fast dismantling of the gabion is ensured. To dismantle it, it is enough to move the sections of the gabion frame, then, using a technique using cables using a hook, lift the soil or sand above the cube, shake it off, fold it back into a stack (Fig. 4), place it on a pallet 8 and transport it to another place.

Greater load-bearing capacity under the action of transverse horizontal load than in the prototype is achieved due to the modularity of the gabion sections connected into a single frame. In addition, the modularity of the filling elements of the sections that form the structure of the gabion is ensured, which allows, in the event of damage to one module from which the filler spills out, to eliminate the rapid loss of the protective properties of the gabion as a whole. Why are the modules laid as shown in Fig.6, Fig.7. If the lower frame of the longitudinal side 3 of one of the gabion sections is damaged, part of the soil spills out of it, reducing the volume of the backfilled part from above. Then, from the upper row of sections that are located above, due to the absence of a bottom in the frame, soil 11 under the weight of the mass of the section cube is poured into the lower section and replenishes its volume from above.

Due to the fact that during installation, the frame can be used to cover an anti-tank hedgehog 9 or a concrete pyramid 10 (see Fig. 5), and thereby ensure the secrecy of the power frame (see example in Fig. 8), since the enemy, trying to penetrate the gabion fences will not know for sure whether there is or not, and if there is, then under which sections of the hedgehog gabion 9 or pyramid 10.

As a result, when an armored vehicle attacks gabion sections, the vehicle may run into hedgehog 9 or pyramid 10, receive damage, and remain with reinforcement to supplement the gabion sections in place with its armor mass.

Thus, the claimed solution makes it possible to hide any obstacles in the form of a load-bearing frame under the mass of soil 11 or sand inside the gabion sections. Seeing many rows of gabion sections, the enemy will not be confident in the ability to overcome them with armored vehicles, even if there are no power frame elements inside.

The connection of the longitudinal 3 and transverse 2 sections of the mesh frame 1 with flexible twisted wire 7 can be made in such a way that the flexible twisted wire 7 simultaneously serves as a node connection for the adjacent modular section of the gabion, which simplifies the design and reduces the overall weight, and also gives greater strength from action of transverse horizontal load.

Connecting gabion sections of the same type to each other can be done, for example, using staples (not shown) inserted with their ends inside the space of flexible twisted wire 7 of the sections being connected.

Two identical sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the longitudinal mesh 3 can be connected by flexible twisted wire 4, for example, with a distance from the edges of each mesh (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 close-up).

All meshes 3.1 and 3.2, sections of meshes 2 and 3 can be connected by flexible twisted wire 4, 7, respectively, for example, using a welded joint.

Geotextile material 5, which is laid inside the section, can be made in the form of a tarpaulin and filled in layers with sand or local soil 11. Geotextile material 5 is necessary to prevent soil 11 or sand from spilling out of frame 1.

Thus, the claimed solution makes it possible to obtain gabion modules connected in a sequential chain using spirals of flexible twisted wire 7, thereby forming a continuous protective barrier.

With the help of the declared gabions, protective boundaries of unlimited length and shape can be formed, and their installation can be carried out at various angles.

These modular-type gabions can be used by military units stationed in the field to protect the locations of personnel and equipment.

As shown by full-scale tests on prototypes (Fig. 9), with the help of such gabions, in a matter of hours, it is possible to build reliable protection for ammunition depots and fuel and lubricants, as well as to build checkpoints for the defense of firing positions. In addition, gabions can be used as perimeter fencing and for blocking roads.

The prototypes were manufactured in sets of 3 - 5 modular sections with the following parameters:

Dimensions of the gabion module (HxLxW) - 1.0x1.0x1.2 m;

Wire diameter - 5 mm;

The cell size of the welded mesh is 100x100 mm;

The inner surface of the sections is covered with tarpaulin with a density of at least 400 g/ ^m2 ;

All metal elements of the gabion were protected with an anti-corrosion thermoplastic coating more than 500 microns thick.

The results of tests using weapons of 5.45 mm and 7.62 mm calibers showed that after numerous hits, no through penetrations of the gabion module (Fig. 9) were recorded.

Claims (7)

1. A gabion consisting of a bottomless mesh frame formed by side sections of mesh panels consisting of metal wire, while the mesh panels are adjacent with their end ribs to one another and are connected to each other using flexible twisted wire, forming a rigid box for bulk materials, and along the perimeter of the section walls, a textile material is laid on the inside, characterized in that the gabion consists of several folding modular sections, each of which has sides located longitudinally to the gabion modules, formed by two identical sections of mesh, connected in the middle part of the longitudinal sides of the section by flexible twisted wire, and this connection is made movable, with the possibility of folding the longitudinal sides of the section inward so that the transverse sections, when folded, fit tightly to the longitudinal sections. 2. Gabion according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the longitudinal and transverse sections of the mesh frame with flexible twisted wire is made in such a way that the flexible twisted wire is also a node connection for the adjacent modular section of the gabion. 3. Gabion according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of similar gabion sections to each other is carried out using brackets inserted with their ends inside the space of the flexible twisted wire of the connected sections. 4. Gabion according to claim 1, characterized in that two identical sections of the mesh are connected by flexible twisted wire with an indentation from the edges of each mesh. 5. Gabion according to claim 1, characterized in that all the meshes are connected by flexible twisted wire using a welded joint. 6. Gabion according to claim 1, characterized in that geotextile material in the form of a tarpaulin is laid inside the section and filled in layers with sand or local soil. 7. Gabion according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the stability of the section, a concrete pyramid or anti-tank hedgehog is laid in the base.