RU2748193C1 - Method for functional damage of electronic equipment by electromagnetic ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electronic warfare.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of electronic warfare, in particular to disposable means of functional destruction of electronic devices, and can be used for functional destruction (FD) of electronic equipment (EE) of weapons and military equipment (WME). The method of functional destruction of electronic equipment with an electromagnetic ammunition includes delivery to the target area of an explosive magnetic generator equipped with a non-contact detonator and a means that forms a reflecting plasma structure, shooting an explosive magnetic generator towards the target, forming a reflecting plasma structure, receiving electromagnetic radiation of a reflecting plasma structure by a non-contact detonator, creating a pulse radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation by detonating an explosive-magnetic generator and reflection by the plasma structure of a part of the radiation of an electromagnetic pulse towards the target.

EFFECT: invention increases the radius of the FP of EO of IWT due to reflection from a previously created reflecting plasma structure towards the target of a part of the generated radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation, which is emitted in the direction opposite to the target, which is characterized by increased energy flux of radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation at a larger radius. A reflective plasma structure is formed behind the explosive magnetic generator fired towards the target.

1 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The invention relates to the field of electronic warfare, in particular to disposable means of functional destruction of electronic devices, and can be used for functional destruction (FP) of electronic equipment (EO) of weapons and military equipment (AME). Terms and Definitions

Radiation flux is the ratio of the energy carried by electromagnetic radiation through any surface to the transfer time, which significantly exceeds the period of electromagnetic oscillations. (Synonym for radiation power; characterizes radiation energy; measured in W) [Physical encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov, Ed. Qty. D.M. Alekseev, A.M. Baldin, A.M. Bonch-Bruevich, et al. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia. T. 4 Poyntinga - Robertson Streamers. 1994. - 704 p., P. 94]

Functional damage (radio-electronic [information-technical] object): radio-electronic damage, consists in the destruction and / or damage of elements of radio-electronic [information-technical] objects of the enemy by electromagnetic radiation and / or in a special program impact on the information circulating in these objects.

Damage by electromagnetic radiation: functional damage, consisting in the destruction and / or damage of elements of radio-electronic and / or information-technical objects of the enemy by means of destruction of electromagnetic radiation [GOST RV 0158-005-2018 Electronic warfare. Functional impairment: terms and definitions. - M .: Standartinform. 2018. - 11 c.].

An information and technical means is understood as a device consisting of one or more functionally related software-controlled technical means and intended for the formation, creation, transformation, use and storage of digital information. The technical means include: radio electronic means, computer technology, electronic automation, electrical equipment, products for industrial, scientific and medical purposes [GOST R 50397-92 Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment. Terms and Definitions. - M .: Publishing house of standards. 1992. - 35 p.].

State of the art

At the moment, electromagnetic ammunition (EMB) is known, in which, by means of explosive magnetic generators (EMG), the explosion energy is directly converted into a powerful pulse of radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation (EMR). The most powerful EMG is a spherical shock-wave source (UVIS), which contains permanent magnets and a magnetic circuit in the form of crossing hoops with magnetic poles in the form of truncated cones directed towards the center of the formed sphere. A plastic sphere is placed inside the magnetic cores, in which there is a charge of a powerful explosive (explosive) with a detonation velocity of at least 8 km / s with a central spherical cavity, where a single crystal of cesium iodide is installed with an optical axis running coaxially with the poles of the magnetic system. Truncated pole cones collect the magnetic field in the area occupied by the single crystal of cesium iodide.

The plastic sphere has complex grooves on the outer surface filled with explosives with a highly stable detonation velocity, ending in transmission holes. The grooves are made in accordance with the Riemann geometry so that when detonation is excited at the junction of the grooves, the detonation wave reaches simultaneously all the transmission holes, exciting the main explosive of the sphere in order to form a converging spherical shock wave.

When the primary detonator is detonated, the main explosive of the sphere is undermined and the spherical shock wave begins to act on a single crystal of cesium iodide with the magnetic field of the conical poles of the magnetic system focused in it. A shock wave in a single crystal of cesium iodide transforms the substance into an ionized conducting state and thus begins to compress not a metallic one (as in conventional HMGs), but a virtual liner consisting of a single crystal compressed by an explosion. Due to the skin effect, the size of the compression region of the magnetic field at the end of compression is less than the initial radius of the single crystal by more than 1000 times. The shock wave converges almost to a point and, after being reflected, changes direction to the opposite, and the magnetic field changes abruptly, which leads to the generation of a pulsed RF EMP. The duration of the generation is less than 1 nsec, the frequency is from hundreds of megahertz to hundreds of gigahertz in one pulse [Non-lethal weapon: a textbook for higher educational institutions / V.V. Selivanov, D.P. Levin. - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2017. - 356 p., Pp. 265-273].

The disadvantage of the standard application of EMB based on HMG is the small radius of the FP EO IWT.

Known ammunition suppressing optoelectronic devices [patent RU 2121646 C1, from 10.11.1998, IPC F42B 5/15, F42B 5/145, F42B 12/42 - Ammunition suppressing optoelectronic devices], containing a housing in which are sequentially installed initiation means, explosive charge, equipment with a light-generating substance, made in the form of a streamlined sealed composite capsule containing a head part made of a transparent material and an end part in the form of an element for attaching the capsule to the body with a bursting membrane placed in it, while the light-forming substance is used an inert gas or a mixture of gases with an average molecular weight of at least 100 atomic mass units on a carbon scale, the initiation means is made in the form of a deceleration device or a proximity sensor for detonation, and a blasting explosive with a specific energy content of at least 4 MJ / kg is used as an explosive. The ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the capsule head is coated in the form of a metal film with a thickness of no more than 10 microns with a transparency range in the wavelength range of 0.2-10.0 microns.

The disadvantage of the standard use of ammunition is the small radius of the PF EO weapons and military equipment.

Known device passive relay (RP) [Sick Soviet encyclopedia (30 volumes) / Ch. editor A.M. Prokhorov. Ed. 3rd. M .: "Soviet Encyclopedia". 1975. - 628 p., Pp. 52-53]., (In the form of a mechanical structure of a certain shape), an artificially created electrically conductive medium or celestial body capable of scattering or directionally reflecting the energy of radio waves and used as intermediate points of radio communication lines. On radio relay lines, flat reflectors and antenna systems serve as passive repeaters, in space communications - passive communication satellites (for example, the American "Echo-2" - an inflatable balloon 40 m in diameter made of polymer film with a reflective aluminum coating), needle belts, artificial clouds from metal vapors ionized by solar radiation or radio emission

There is a known method of providing KB and VHF radio communications in conditions of strong absorption of a radio signal [patent RU 002501162 C2 dated 10.12.2013, IPC Н04В 7/00 - A method of providing KB and VHF radio communications in conditions of strong absorption of a radio signal], which consists in creating an area of irregularities in the concentration of ionospheric electrons using a heating stand, characterized in that in order to create a radio route bypassing the zone of strong radio absorption, inhomogeneities of the electron concentration are created outside the zone of strong absorption of the radio signal, while the location of the heating stand is chosen so that the signals of the KB and VHF radio transmitters scattered by the inhomogeneities created by the stand concentration, fall on the antenna of the radio receiving device.

A known method of creating an artificial "plasma mirror" with the ability to control the angle of its inclination relative to the Earth [patent SU 5041834 from 20.07.1991, IPC Н04В 7/00, H01Q 3/22 - Artificial ionospheric mirror - plasma layer], which consists in using the breakdown effect air of the atmosphere under the influence of microwave radiation, as a result of which free electrons are formed, which create a controlled plasma layer that reflects radio waves of the high frequency range.

The disadvantages of the above methods are that to create a reflective plasma structure ("plasma mirror"), exposure to the air is carried out through long-term radiation of high power and high frequency with an antenna or heating stand, which is associated with the cumbersomeness of the equipment, in addition, the formation of a "plasma mirror" produced at high altitudes.

The closest in terms of the set of essential features to the proposed invention and selected as a prototype is a method of functional destruction of a radar station with a phased antenna array [patent RU 2485540 C2 dated 06/20/2013 IPC G04S 7/38 - Method of functional destruction of a radar station with a phased antenna array], including detection of signals from a radar station, determining the direction of their arrival, measuring the pulse repetition period T of the suppressed radar station, the distance to it D and radiation, taking into account these parameters, of powerful electromagnetic pulses in the direction of the radar station with a delay t = T-2D / s of each pulse relative to the arrival pulse of the radar station, the impact of these pulses on the semiconductor control circuits of the phase shifters of the phased antenna array, the implementation of functional damage to the radar station, control of the operation of the radar station.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the small radius of the EO FP.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to increase the radius of the FP EO IWT, when using EMB. The radius of the FP EO IWT depends on many factors, including the power and overall dimensions of the radiation source, which makes it possible to create the maximum RF EMP power at the maximum distance. It is known that RF EMP power falls in inverse proportion to the square of the distance from the source. An increase in the RF EMP power, while the overall dimensions of the HMG remain unchanged, will entail an electrical breakdown of the air when electromagnetic energy is released into the atmosphere, which will be consumed for the formation of plasma and will lead to a drop in the EMP efficiency.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result of the application of the proposed method is to increase the radius of the FP EO AME due to reflection from a previously created reflecting plasma structure, towards the target of a part of the generated RF EMP, which is emitted in the direction opposite to the target, which is characterized by an increase in the RF EMP energy flux at a larger radius. A reflective plasma structure is formed behind the VMG shot in the direction of the target.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of functional defeat of a radar station with a phased antenna array, which consists in the fact that they carry out functional damage to electronic equipment, it is new that they deliver to the target area of the VMG equipped with a non-contact detonator, and the means forming a reflecting plasma structure, shoot an explosive magnetic generator towards the target, form a reflecting plasma structure, receive electromagnetic radiation from a reflecting plasma structure with a non-contact detonator, create a powerful RF EMP pulse by detonating an explosive magnetic generator, reflect with a plasma structure part of the radiation of a powerful electromagnetic pulse towards the target.

Brief Description of Drawings

The claimed invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, which shows the sequence of actions of the method of increasing the radius of action of an electromagnetic munition, FIG. 2, which shows a diagram of a method for increasing the radius of action of an electromagnetic munition, FIG. 3, a graph of the distribution of the primary, reflected and total energy flux of RF EMP is shown.

FIG. 2 positions indicate: 1 - delivery vehicle to the target area; 2 - HMG equipped with a non-contact detonator, 3 - formed reflecting plasma structure; 4 - primary energy flow of a powerful RF EMP pulse; 5 - reflected energy flow of a powerful RF EMP pulse; 6 - border of FP EO by primary flow of RF EMP energy; 7 - border of FP EO by the total energy flow of RF EMP.

Implementation of the invention

To implement the proposed method, the following technical means are required:

Delivery means to the target area can be different: bombs, shells, mines, missiles and other carriers [14]. Guided by the optimal cost-effectiveness ratio (the volume of UVIS should be at least 1 liter. [12]), the caliber of the delivery vehicle should be taken from 120 mm.

An explosive magnetic generator, for example, a spherical shock wave source (UVIS), a cylindrical shock wave source (TsUVI), an implosive magnetic frequency generator (IMGCH), a ferromagnetic frequency generator (FMGCH), a piezoelectric frequency generator (PEGCH) [11].

A means of forming a reflecting plasma structure with a lifetime of at least 1 ns - for an explosive magnetic generator UVIS and TsUVI and at least 1 μs for IMGCH, FMGCH, PEGCH. The reflecting plasma structure can be formed in various ways, for example, using IMGP, FMG, PEG with increased power and reduced size [13] or by undermining the volume-detonating composition (ODS) of the 3rd generation in the detonation mode, and the ODS requires additional introduce plasma-forming substances (for example, Al, Mg, Xe, etc.), which will create a denser plasma going ahead of the detonation wave front [3; five; 7; 9], or with the help of special devices generating plasma vortex structures with a duration of 25-80 ms [8]. The plasma structure will reflect the generated RF EMP at a frequency below its natural frequency - the "critical frequency" [2]. The natural frequency depends on the concentration of electrons and the properties of the plasma-forming substance. The maximum plasma parameters (n _e ≈10 ²¹ cm ^-3 ) were obtained with xenon at extreme pressures and temperatures [6]. More modest, but admissible plasma parameters can be obtained using Al as a plasma-forming substance, with a parameter n _e ≈10 ¹⁴ cm ^{-3 for a} duration of up to 0.1 × 10 ^-3 s [10]. Since the reflection of RF EMP from the plasma formation of frequencies below "critical" will occur according to the laws of geometric optics [1], its shape and size are important. The most common forms of plasma formations in scientific and technical literature are sphere, torus, jet, cone. The sphere, as the simplest form, is adopted for the implementation of this method. The diameter of the spherical plasma structure described in [10] is 1.2 m, created by the ammunition (caliber 152 mm) with the 3rd generation SLM in the detonation mode 3-5 m [3; five; 7; nine].

A non-contact detonator that reacts to EMP of the plasma structure. Such detonators are most common in air-to-air missiles. The principle of operation and various modifications are described in detail in the book [4].

The implementation of the proposed method will be clear from the example described below. In the area of the designated target, a delivery means 1 is directed, containing a HMW 2 equipped with a non-contact detonator, and a means forming a reflective plasma structure. Arriving at a given point, the delivery vehicle 1 shoots the MVG 2 towards the target, activates the means of forming a reflective plasma structure 3, the resulting plasma emits EMP, which is received by the non-contact detonator VMG 2 and detonates it, generating a primary flow of RF energy of the EMP 4, spreading in all directions , including the opposite target, where it encounters a plasma structure on its way, through which it is reflected 5 towards the target, the total flow of the primary and reflected energy of RF EMP 7 will lead to an increase in the RF EMP energy flux at a larger radius, increasing the radius of the FP EO IWT.

The method of increasing the radius of action of EMB allows to increase the radiation flux of RF EMP energy at a greater distance from the epicenter of the explosion of the RF EMR generator, thereby increasing the radius of the EO FP, therefore, the radius of action of the EMB created on its basis.

UVIS generates RF EMP with a frequency of up to 150 GHz, with the highest spectral energy density (about 85%) at frequencies up to 75 GHz (Table 4.3 [12]), calculating the natural frequency of the plasma using the formula:

where e is the electron charge, m _e is the electron mass, n _e is the electron concentration.

We get: 0.9x104x√1014 = 90 GTz, thus we can conclude about the effective reflection of the generated RF EMP by the plasma structure ("plasma mirror"). Proceeding from the fact that the RF EMP power falls in inverse proportion to the square of the distance from the source, then taking the UVIS power for the EO FP radius - 35 m as 100%, we construct a table of the power distribution of the generated primary, reflected and total flux, RF EMP. The calculated data of the effectiveness of the application of the claimed method and the device for its implementation are shown in Table 1. The graph constructed from the obtained data is shown in Fig. 3.

Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the radius of the OP of the OE will increase by at least 17%.

The following are accepted as initial data:

- radius of FP EO EMB created on the basis of UVIS - 70 m [11];

- the reflecting plasma structure is taken as a spherical shape with a diameter of 4.5 m [3; five; 7; nine];

- plasma-forming substance - A1, allowing to create a plasma with an electron concentration n _e ≈10 ¹⁴ cm ^-3 .

A side effect of the application of the proposed method will be an increase in the RF EMP flux in the target area, due to the multiple reflection of the EMP (reverberation) from the ground and the "plasma mirror".

Literature

1. Physical encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov, Ed. Qty. D.M. Alekseev, A.M. Baldin, A.M. Bonch-Bruevich, et al. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia. T. 4 Poyntinga - Robertson Streamers. 1994 .-- 704 p., P. 255.

2. Physical encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov, Ed. Qty. D.M. Alekseev, A.M. Baldin, A.M. Bonch-Bruevich, et al. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia. T. 4 Poyntinga - Robertson Streamers. 1994. - 704 p., Pp. 258-259.

3. Ammunition: textbook: in 2 volumes / Under the general editorship of V.V. Selivanov. T. 1 - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2016 .-- 506 p., Pp. 267-271.

4. Ammunition: textbook: in 2 volumes / Under the general editorship of V.V. Selivanov. T. 2. - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2016 .-- 356 p., Pp. 515-551.

5. Explosions and waves. Explosive sources of electromagnetic radiation in the radio frequency range / A.B. Prishchepenko. - M .: Binom. Knowledge Laboratory, 2008. - 208 p., Pp. 102-105.

6. Explosive generators of powerful electromagnetic pulses of electric current / ed. Academician V.E. Fortov. - M .: Science. 2002. - 399 p., Pp. 132-135.

7. Explosive technologies: textbook for universities / V.V. Selivanov, I.F. Kobylkin, S.A. Novikov. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Publishing house of MSTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2014 .-- 519 p., Pp. 39-49.

8. Generation of large-scale emitting vortex structures during deceleration of pulsed plasma jets in air. Zharnikov, A.S. Kamrukov, I.V. Kozhevnikov, N.P. Kozlov, I.A. Roslyakov - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman. Technical Physics, 2008. volume 78, issue 5, pp. 38-46.

9. Magretova N.N., Pashchenko N.T., Raizer Yu.L. Shock wave structure in which multiple ionization of atoms occurs. PMTF. - 1970. No. 5. pp. 11-21.

10. A new method of initiating lightning discharges for the tasks of lightning protection of important mobile and stationary objects. / V.P. Arkhipov, I.N. Berezinsky, N.A. Berezinsky et al. Geology and Geophysics of the South of Russia, No. 3, 2015 pp. 5-18.

11. Weapons of non-lethal action: a textbook for higher educational institutions / V.V. Selivanov, D.P. Levin. - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2017 .-- 356 p., Pp. 265-273.

12. Weapons of non-lethal action: a textbook for higher educational institutions / V.V. Selivanov, D.P. Levin. - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2017 .-- 356 p., Pp. 257-276.

13. Weapons of non-lethal action: a textbook for higher educational institutions / V.V. Selivanov, D.P. Levin. - M .: MGTU im. N.E. Bauman, 2017 .-- 356 p., Pp. 262-263.

14. Theoretical foundations of electronic warfare. Electronic intelligence and electronic countermeasures: a tutorial / D.V. Semenikhina, Yu.V. Yukhanov, T.Yu. Privalova - Taganrog: SFedU, 2015 .-- 252 p., Pp. 209-227.

Claims (1)

A method of functional destruction of electronic equipment with an electromagnetic ammunition, including delivery to the target area of an explosive magnetic generator equipped with a non-contact detonator and a means of forming a reflecting plasma structure, shooting an explosive magnetic generator towards the target, forming a reflective plasma structure, receiving electromagnetic radiation of a reflecting plasma structure by a non-contact detonator, creating a pulse radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation by detonating an explosive-magnetic generator and reflection by the plasma structure of a part of the radiation of an electromagnetic pulse towards the target.

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