RU2749619C1 - Method for multifactorial functional suppression of an unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for functional suppression of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). To suppress the UAV, the coordinates of the UAV location are determined, the means of functional suppression are delivered and they are launched into the area of ​​the UAV location using a launch device, a series of microwave radio pulses is generated in the frequency range of 1.5-3 GHz, and the self-destruction charge is undermined at a distance of 10-80 meters from the UAV, initiating an explosive magnetic generator, creating radio-frequency electromagnetic pulses that hit the backup systems of the UAV, the formed cloud of mechanical damaging elements from the explosion provides mechanical damage to the outer shell and elements of the UAV.

EFFECT: increase in the probability of damage to the UAV is provided.

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Description

The method relates to the field of functional suppression (FP) of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and can be used in military equipment. The method of multifactorial AF of the UAV combines the following, sequentially created damaging factors:

1. Irradiation with ultrashort radio pulses in the range of 1.5..3 GHz.

2. Exposure to high energy density pulsed radio frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF EMP).

3. Mechanical impact due to the kinetic energy of mechanical, damaging elements.

4. Impact of a shock wave that creates excess pressure in the XX century in the UAV's affected area.

Functional suppression technology involves the use of electromagnetic radiation (EMP) of short duration (from fractions to tens of nanoseconds) in the microwave range of radio waves. There are two options for the impact of such EMP on electronic equipment: in-band or out-of-band.

Out-of-band functional suppression provides for the impact on the receiving devices of the RES at any frequencies outside their bandwidth, and does not require initial data on the operating frequency range.

In-band methods of functional suppression provide for energy losses of the influencing EMP when passing through the input circuits of the RES receiver, depending on the ratio between the bandwidth of the receiving path and the width of the spectrum affected by the EMP. In-band methods are energetically most advantageous, but they require initial data on the technical characteristics of the functioning of microwave radiation on UAVs, affected or suppressed radio electronic means (RES), for example, on the operating frequency and bandwidth of receiving devices, clock frequency of control special computers and computers, resonant frequency of structures fasteners of electronic elements on boards, etc.

There are three fundamentally different directions for the implementation of FP means with a short duration of powerful EMR:

1. Spark and semiconductor video pulse generators.

2. Relativistic generators of microwave radio pulses.

3. Transmitting multi-position radiation systems (MSI) and phased antenna arrays with controlled focusing of EMR in the microwave range.

The most widespread is the third direction of implementation, based on phased antenna arrays.

The result of exposure to ultra-short microwave radio pulses are:

1. Interference: the radiation source creates an electromagnetic field strength in the operating frequency range of the target receiver; this intensity is the same in magnitude or greater than the useful signal - the receiving device cannot select the useful signal;

2. False information: the induced electromagnetic signal creates false information on the receiving device;

3. Transient destabilization: the induced voltage affects the logical state of the electronic component;

4. Irreparable damage: Semiconductor junctions are exposed to overvoltage, which destroys them.

Of the known, the closest in technical essence is the method of functional destruction of UAVs with a combination of factors (RU 2700207). The method consists in the functional suppression of the UAV by sequential exposure of it to microwave radio pulses, dye and mechanical fragments. The achievement of the technical result in this method is achieved by the fact that a container of functional suppression is delivered to the UAV flight area at a distance of 50 - 100 meters from it using a launching device , which, when approaching the target, generates a series of ultra-short microwave radio pulses in the frequency range of 0.5-10 GHz towards the UAV for its functional suppression until the power source is completely discharged (the first damaging factor), while the container includes a self-destruction charge, which , after the impact of the first damaging factor, it self-detonates the system at a distance of 50 - 80 meters from the affected UAV, as a result of which a dye cloud (the second damaging factor) and the field of damaging mechanical elements of the power supply and microwave generator (the third damaging factor) are formed, which, when the effects in the aggregate lead to either physical damage and / or destruction of the UAV (the first damaging factor), while the functional suppression container includes a reservoir containing a dye, which, when the self-destruction charge is detonated, forms a cloud (the second damaging factor), which provides additional functional suppression of optical UAV systems, in the event of a physical approach to the target, before the end of the generation of a series of ultra-short microwave pulses, while the self-destruction charge is detonated at the command of a radio fuse following the first damaging factor.

The disadvantages of this method include the following

1. The wide frequency range of microwave radio pulse generation is excessive and does not allow the use of an effective antenna-feeder system.

2. The effectiveness of the use of the dye, including one consisting of highly dispersed materials, is low and highly dependent on the atmospheric conditions in the UAV affected area.

3. The method does not take into account the possibility of turning on the backup electronic equipment of the UAV after exposure to a microwave radio pulse.

To eliminate the shortcomings of the prototype, a method is proposed for multifactorial functional suppression of UAVs, the use of which is aimed at reducing the required power of the emitted microwave radio pulse by narrowing the exposure band and by using a more efficient antenna-feeder system, simplifying the hardware by reducing its size and cost by delivering an electromagnetic charge into the UAV area. This makes it possible to achieve four factors of destruction of UAVs due to sequential electromagnetic and mechanical effects on both the main and reserve systems of the UAV.

This is achieved by the fact that a functional suppression container is delivered to the UAV flight area at a distance of 10-100 meters from it using a launching device, which, when approaching the target, generates a series of ultra-short microwave radio pulses in the 1.5-3 GHz frequency range towards the UAV for its functional suppression up to the complete discharge of the power source, while the container enters a self-destruction charge, which, after the discharge of the power supply, self-detonates, as a result of which a charge with a high degree of detonation is triggered, while the explosive magnetic generator forms RF EMP affecting reserve electronic systems of the UAV, at the same time, after self-detonation, the field of damaging mechanical elements of the power supply and the microwave generator (the third damaging factor), which, when exposed, together lead to either physical damage and / or destruction of the UAV, while the self-detonation creates a blow wave reaching the UAV after mechanical elements.

The essence of the claimed method in more detail is as follows (see Fig. 1, 2):

- based on the data of visual observation, the coordinates of the location of the UAV 11 are determined;

- due to the energy of the warhead 2 located in the projectile 1, the "container" 3 with the elements of functional suppression, the power source 5, the radio fuse 6, the self-destruction charge 4, the charge with a high degree of detonation 8, the explosive magnetic generator 9 and the phased antenna array 10 are delivered to the area of the UAV location using the launcher 15;

- at the closest approach to the UAV 11 (10-100 meters), the following sequence of actions is carried out;

- a series of ultra-short microwave radio pulses is generated by the generator 7 in the frequency range 1.5-3 GHz until the power source 5 is completely discharged, using a phased antenna array, radio pulses are emitted towards the UAV 11, while the electronic component base of the UAV is irradiated, leading to a malfunction (functional suppression of UAVs),

- then the self-destruction charge 4 is detonated at point 12 (at a distance of 10 - 80 meters from the UAV being hit), as a result of which:

a) a charge with a high degree of detonation is triggered, which initiates an explosive magnetic generator, which creates an RF EMP that affects the backup systems of the UAV;

b) a cloud of mechanical, damaging elements with high kinetic energy 13 is formed, providing mechanical damage to the outer shell and elements of the UAV;

c) a shock wave arises, forming excess pressure in the area where the UAV is located.

As a result of the influence of many factors, the maximum possible physical damage to the UAV is achieved, which excludes further, regular performance of its flight mission.

The technical result consists in the sequential application of four factors of functional suppression of the UAV, which provides a high probability of complete functional and / or physical damage to the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The advantages of the proposed method include:

1. High probability of complete functional suppression of the UAV due to the sequential application of many factors.

2. Increasing the effective impact on the electronic equipment of UAVs with high noise immunity, as well as having backup systems.

3. Reducing the requirements for the microwave generator and its antenna-feeder system, due to the narrowing of the band of radiated frequencies.

4. A minimum of destructive consequences for the environment and, in some cases, the preservation of the life of service personnel affected by RES, especially ground and surface based.

5. Absence of negative impact on targets outside the affected area.

Claims (1)

A method of functional suppression of an unmanned aerial vehicle, including determining the coordinates of the location of the UAV, characterized in that, based on visual observation data due to the energy of a warhead (2), a "container" with elements of functional suppression, a power source (5), a radio fuse (6), a charge self-destruction (4), a charge with a high degree of detonation (8), an explosive magnetic generator (9) and a phased antenna array (10) are delivered to the area where the UAV is located using a launcher (15), a series of ultrashort microwave radio pulses are generated in the frequency range 1, 5-3 GHz until the power source is fully discharged (5), using a phased antenna array, radio pulses are emitted towards the UAV (11), while the electronic component base of the UAV is irradiated, leading to a malfunction (functional suppression of the UAV), then the charge is detonated self-destruction (4) at point (12) at a distance of 10-80 meters from the UAV being hit, as a result of which a charge with a high degree of detonation (8) is triggered, which initiates an explosive magnetic generator (9), which creates an RF EMP that affects the backup systems of the UAV, a cloud of mechanical damaging elements with high kinetic energy is formed, providing mechanical damage to the outer shell and elements UAV, a shock wave appears, which forms excessive pressure in the area where the UAV is located, which is a combination of many factors, leading to the maximum possible physical damage to the UAV.

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