RU2745639C1 - PYRO DRIVE LOCKING MECHANISM - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrumentation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to safety devices in rocket and aviation technology, operating under vibration and linear effects of one-time action, to blocking mechanisms of one-time action, and can be used in electromechanical inertial sensors, pyro drives. The pyrodrive locking mechanism consists of a housing 1 with an annular bore made on the inner surface of the opening on housing 1, an inertial switch 2, an engine made in the form of a pyrodrive 3 with a coaxially installed ejection element 4, on the side of which a weakened section B is made, a seal 5, a retainer 8, installed coaxially in the groove made at the front end of the engine, a stopper unit consisting of stopping elements 6 and 7, fixed between each other by a pressing element 9 and a collar 10, and a movable sensing element 11 with a groove B for a stopping unit placed in the bore perpendicular to the axis of the pyro drive blocking mechanism. The stop unit is disposed with an offset relative to the groove B of the sensing element 11. EFFECT: consists in ensuring safe and reliable operation of the pyrodrive blocking mechanism.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation, namely to safety devices in rocket and aviation technology, operating under vibration and linear effects of one-time action, to blocking mechanisms of one-time action and can be used in electromechanical inertial sensors, pyro drives.

Known safety-actuator fuse, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2400701, IPC F42C 15/40, publ. 09/27/2010, containing a housing in which a fire chain is located, including an electric detonator and a transfer charge, a fire chain damper mounted with the ability to move under the action of a compression spring, a pyrotechnic stopper to hold the damper in its original state, a damper lock in an actuated state and an electric connector for communication with the fuse control device. At the same time, an electromechanical stopper is additionally introduced into the mechanism, including a stepping motor, on the shaft of which a device is installed for converting the rotational motion of the shaft into a translational movement of the engaging element with the damper, as well as a thermal safety stopper for blocking the fire chain damper in the initial state when the safe operating temperature is exceeded. The damper has two grooves for keeping it in its initial state by electromechanical and pyrotechnic stoppers with the possibility of disengaging with them in a given sequence of their operation and a third groove for blocking with a thermal safety stopper. The safety of the fuse and ammunition increases at all stages of operation and combat use.

The disadvantages of the device include:

- all locks are removed by giving an electrical signal;

- the need to supply electrical impulses to the stepper motor, at which the engagement element is output, for a long time;

- a power source is required, during the removal of both stages of protection;

- the need to provide protection by an additional device against transient voltage, which leads to damage to the insulation of the windings of the electric drive and its failure.

Known fuse switching protection device, described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2457430, IPC F42C 15/40, publ. 07/27/2012, containing an electric detonator activation circuit, including a contact of an electrical connector for communication with a control device, an electric detonator activation contact and an activation circuit connector, a damper, an integrator, an electromechanical stopper including an electric drive and a device for converting the rotational motion of the electric drive shaft into translational movement the tripping circuit connector. In this case, the conversion device is configured to fix the activation circuit connector in the initial and actuated states. The integrating device is electrically connected with the control winding of the electric drive with the possibility of turning it on after the integration. In addition, the integrating device is connected to the shaft of the electric drive with the possibility of fixing it in its original state and releasing it after the integration by means of a lever-cam mechanism or by means of an electromagnetic switch. The damper is connected to the shaft of the electric drive and is located on the path of movement of the connecting chain of activation with the possibility of rotation to release the specified path. Reduces the likelihood of unauthorized operation of the safety device and fuse switching.

The disadvantages of the device include

-dependence of the device on the current source, over the entire period of operation of the device, since most of the device nodes consist of electric drives that require electric current;

- the need to provide protection by an additional device against transient voltage, which leads to damage to the insulation of the windings of electric drives and their failure.

The closest and selected as a prototype is a technical solution called "Safety-actuating mechanism of the fuse", described in RF patent No. 2255302, IPC F42C 15/185, publ. 06/27/2005, including a body with an annular bore made on the inner surface of the housing bore, a slider with a knockout element and a retainer installed coaxially in a groove made at the front end of the slider and locking elements.

The disadvantages of the device include:

- the lack of fixation of the engine in the body in its original state, will lead to biting of the stopper or engine during vibration overloads (transportation) after a long period of time, since the engine moves in the gap to the stopper;

- insufficient reliability of the transfer of the detonator by the engine, due to the fact that it is not fixed in its original state. The formation of vibration forces acting on the engine, which, when in contact with the stopper, creates a parasitic force that counteracts the operation of the stopper. Also, vibration loads during transportation "stuff" cuts on the stoppers and the engine at the contact points, which can lead to biting of the stoppers or the engine and, as a result, their failure;

- the requirement for increased accuracy in the manufacture of the retainer and the groove in the housing for it.

The objective of the claimed invention is to create a device that improves the safety and reliability of blocking the pyrodrive in the event of unauthorized activation or spontaneous operation, including emergency impacts such as fire or shock loading.

The technical result consists in ensuring safe and reliable operation of the pyrodrive blocking mechanism.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the pyrodrive blocking mechanism comprising a housing with an annular groove made on the inner surface of the housing bore, a slider with a knockout element and a retainer installed coaxially in the groove made on the outer surface at the front end of the slider, and locking elements, according to invention, is equipped with an inertial switch with a movable inertial sensitive element made with a groove for the stopping unit, and installed between the sensing element and a slider made in the form of a pyrodrive with a groove for the stopping unit and with a sealed cavity in which the ejection element is coaxially installed, on the side of which a weakened section is made, and the stopping unit is made, with an offset relative to the groove of the sensitive element, from stopping elements fixed by the pressure element and the cuff, between themselves, and installed in the bore located perpendicular to the axis of the pyrodrive locking mechanism ...

In addition, the latch can be made in the form of a retaining ring.

In addition, the locking elements can be made in the form of balls.

In addition, the ejection element can be made in the form of an electric igniter.

In addition, the clamping element can be made in the form of a nut with lugs.

Opening the electrical contacts of the expelling charge ensures that there is no electrical signal for the device to operate until the inertial switch, under the action of a certain value of the inertia force acting for a certain time in the required direction, closes the electrical circuit.

For mechanical blocking of the pyro drive, a groove is created on the outer surface of the pyro drive, in which a locking element of the locking unit is installed.

To fix the pyro drive in the end position, the locking ring is loosened in the groove made in the housing hole, along which the pyro drive moves after receiving the executive command.

The fixation of the locking elements of the locking unit by pressing and disconnecting in the initial state provides a static state under vibration loads and transportation by all modes of transport.

The analysis of the state of the art carried out by the applicant, including a search for patent and scientific and technical sources of information and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, made it possible to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all essential features of the claimed invention, but the definition from the list identified analogs of the prototype, as the closest analogue in terms of the totality of features, made it possible to identify a set of significant in relation to the technical result perceived by the applicant of the distinctive features in the claimed object set forth in the claims.

Consequently, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" under the current legislation.

To check the compliance of the claimed invention with the condition of the inventive step, the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed invention, the results of which show that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly for a specialist from the prior art.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the design of the pyrodrive blocking mechanism in the initial state.

FIG. 2 shows the design of the pyrodrive blocking mechanism in working condition after the executive command has been given.

The following symbols have been introduced in the drawings:

1 - pyrodrive body;

2 - inertial switch;

3 - pyrodrive;

4 - ejection element (electric igniter);

5 - sealant (clamp);

6 and 7 - locking elements (balls);

8 - retainer (retaining ring)

9 - clamping element (nut with petals);

10 - cuff;

11 - sensitive element;

A - sealed cavity of the pyrodrive;

B - weakened section of the pyrodrive;

B - groove of the sensing element;

C - bore of the pyrodrive.

The pyrodrive blocking mechanism consists of a housing 1 (Fig. 1) with an annular bore made on the inner surface of the housing opening 1, an inertial switch 2, an engine made in the form of a pyrodrive 3 with a coaxially installed ejection element 4 in the form of an electric igniter, on the side of which a weakened section B, seal 5, retainer 8 in the form of a retaining ring installed coaxially in the groove made at the front end of the engine, a retaining unit consisting of retaining elements 6 and 7 in the form of balls, fixed between each other by a clamping element 9 and a cuff 10, and a movable a sensitive element 11 with a groove B for a stopping unit, located in the bore, perpendicular to the axis of the pyrodrive locking mechanism. The stop unit is disposed with an offset relative to the groove B of the sensing element 11.

The device works as follows. Under the influence of inertial forces, the electrical circuits for activating the ejection element 4 in the inertial switch 2 (Fig. 2) are switched and the sensing element 11 moves until the groove B is installed opposite the locking element 7. After the electric signal is applied to the ejection element 4, the resulting products of combustion of explosives create sufficient gas pressure in the sealed cavity A to move the pyro drive 3, while the gas pressure does the work of destroying the weakened section B, moving the pyro drive 3 and the locking element 6. The locking element 6, under the action of the displacement force, expands the clamping element 9 (nut lobes) and, deforming the collar 10, moves the locking element 7 into the groove B until the stopping element 6 leaves the groove C of the pyrodrive 3, which is moved to the end of the bore. The latch 8, located in the groove at the end of the pyrodrive 3, when it is moved, is displaced into the groove made on the outer surface of the housing 1, thereby fixing the final position of the pyrodrive 3.

Mechanical interlocking is carried out as follows. With the spontaneous (unauthorized) activation of the ejection element 4 in the pyro drive 3 during an emergency action, for example, in a fire, the pressure created by the products of the combustion of explosive materials of the ejection element 4 in the sealed cavity A of the pyro drive 3 and the rupture of the weakened section B does not lead to further movement pyrodrive 3 at a given distance, since the stop unit blocks movement. Pyrodrive 3 with groove C abuts against the locking element 6, which, deforming the clamping element 9 (nut petals), abuts through the collar 10 into the locking element 7, which, in turn, abuts against the lateral surface of the not moved sensitive element 11. Also, in case of an emergency impact and violation of the integrity of the weakened section B of the pyro drive 3, the pyro drive rests on the groove C against the locking element 6 and blocks the movement of the pyro drive 3.

When vibration is applied to the pyro-drive blocking mechanism during transportation by any type of transport during the entire warranty period, the pyro-drive 3 is fixed in the housing 1 with a seal 5, and the ejection element 4 is fixed in the pyro-drive 3 with glue.

The enterprise created a pyro-drive blocking mechanism, in which the ejection element 4 was made in the form of an electric igniter, the retainer 8 was in the form of a retaining ring, the locking elements 6 and 7 were in the form of balls, and the clamping element 9 was in the form of a nut with petals. The proposed technical solution has been tested to confirm safety and reliability in case of emergency influencing factors, and the reliability of blocking in emergency situations, such as fire or shock up to 1000g, and in case of unauthorized operation of the device from an electrical impulse has been confirmed.

Thus, the above information testifies to the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the invention:

- for the claimed invention in the form as it is characterized in the claims, the possibility of its implementation using the means and methods described in the application is confirmed;

- the pyrodrive blocking mechanism embodied in the claimed invention during its implementation is capable of achieving the specified technical result.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (5)

1. A pyrodrive locking mechanism comprising a body with an annular groove made on the inner surface of the housing bore, an engine with an ejection element and a retainer installed coaxially in a groove made on the outer surface at the front end of the engine, and locking elements, characterized in that it is equipped with an inertial switch with a movable inertial sensitive element made with a groove for the stopping unit and installed between the sensing element and a slider made in the form of a pyrodrive with a groove for the stopping unit and with a sealed cavity in which a knockout element is coaxially installed, on the side of which a weakened section is made , and the stop unit is made with an offset relative to the groove of the sensitive element from stopping elements fixed by the pressing element and the cuff between themselves and installed in the bore located perpendicular to the axis of the pyrodrive locking mechanism. 2. The pyrodrive blocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the retainer is made in the form of a retaining ring. 3. The pyrodrive blocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking elements are made in the form of balls. 4. The mechanism for blocking the pyrodrive according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejection element is made in the form of an electric igniter. 5. The pyrodrive blocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping element is made in the form of a nut with petals.

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