RU2741111C1 - Plant for sprouting grains - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: apparatus for germinating grains relates to agriculture and food industry and is intended for mechanization of the process of sprouting grains on vitamin fodder for animals and birds. Plant for grain sprouting consists of water tank, which by means of pump and pipeline is connected to bath, frame from base and side supports, on which there is bath with bubbler on its bottom, artificial lighting lamps, grain sprouting tanks, tubular electric heater and temperature sensor are installed above the above. Installation has an upper bath and a lower bath. Latter is configured to feed water into another upper bath by means of a pump, a pipeline, as well as a mechanical filter for cleaning from mechanical impurities and an ultraviolet steriliser for water disinfection. At the bottom of the baths there are bubblers for air supply during soaking of grain and as a source of additional rotation of grain. At the same time the grain germination vessel bottom is made in the form of a perforated sheet having round holes necessary for water flowing, and side walls - in form of solid sheets, on which handles are made to move container. Temperature sensor for measuring water temperature and tubular electric heater for water heating are installed in water tank. Valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the baths to prevent water flowing from the upper bath into the lower bath.EFFECT: invention will make it possible to increase productivity of process of sprouting of grain due to continuous sprouting and to reduce losses of grain at its sprouting, and also to reduce water consumption.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The plant for germinating grain refers to agriculture and the food industry and is designed to mechanize the process of germinating grain for vitamin feed for animals and birds.

A device for germinating grain is known [RU 109634 U1, A01C 1/00 (2006.1), 27.10.2011], the device consists of a container for grain, the container is made with perforated walls and a bottom and with equal-sized outer folds along its perimeter in the upper part and on the bottom, and the bottom of the container is equipped with a protrusion located under its bend, the dimensions of which along the height and along the perimeter provide a fixed installation of the containers one on top of the other, while the bend made on the bottom of the container is in contact with the bend made in the upper part of the container. The dimensions of the holes in the walls and bottom do not exceed the dimensions of an individual caryopsis. The height of the protrusion is at least 1/5 of the height of the container, and the length of the protrusion is less than the length of the front wall of the container by the thickness of the container wall. The container is made of non-oxidizing material.

The disadvantages of this device for germinating grain is the absence of a unit for preparing the nutrient solution, therefore, it is necessary to use ready-made solutions, which leads to a decrease in productivity, and a low degree of seed germination is also possible due to the high bacterial contamination of the liquid for germination.

Known hydroponic installation for growing green fodder mass [RU 132679 U1, A01G 31/00 (2006.1), 09/27/2013], the installation is made in the form of racks connected by shelves. On the shelves there are growing trays for germinating grain, fluorescent lamps are fixed on the lower side of the shelves. The pallets are located with a slope allowing free flow of irrigation solution through the pipes from the higher pallet to the lower pallet. In the lower part of the device there is a container for collecting the solution, which is connected by a pipeline to the solution unit located on the upper shelf of the installation. In addition, the unit is equipped with a filter and a pump, and the trays are equipped with drain funnels with a mesh. Switches for light, pump and acoustic field are located on the control panel. The hydroponic plant can be controlled manually or automatically using an on timer.

The disadvantages of this installation is grain caking, which leads to rotting of grain and sprouts. The absence of an ultraviolet sterilizer for water purification can lead to contamination of the water with pathogenic microflora.

A device for germinating grain is known [RU 2472330 C2, A01C 1/00 (2006.1), 01/20/2013], the device is made of a frame, a motor-reducer, a thermal relay, a coil, a frame, a flywheel, a container, a bath, a pump, a supply hose, drain hose, tap, pipe, L-shaped boom, lower cables, upper cables, central cable, bracket, two pulleys, bubbler, ring, spring-loaded plate, control panel, time relay, meter-controller, temperature sensor, limit switches (push-button type) and (lever type), tubular electric heater (heating element), light indicator, four-pole switch, single-pole switch, two toggle switches and two contactors, coils, contacts.

The disadvantages of this installation are low productivity and complex design.

The objective of the invention is the mechanization of the process of germinating grain, increasing the productivity of the process of germinating grain through continuous germination, reducing the cost of soaking grain and reducing losses during germination of grain. Also cost savings through water reuse.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for the implementation of this task, a design of an installation for germinating grain is proposed, consisting of: a container for water, a frame of the installation, which includes a base and side supports, a bath, a container for germination, the bottom of which is made in the form of a perforated sheet, made handles, the container for germination is made with the possibility of removing, moving and tedding the grain by shaking the container. The installation also consists of a bubbler, artificial lighting lamps, lamp support, temperature sensor, tubular electric heater, pumps, pipelines, valves, taps, artificial lighting lamps, mechanical cleaning filters and ultraviolet sterilizers.

In this case, the installation for germinating grain consists of series-connected parts: a water tank, which is connected to the bathtub by means of a pump and a pipeline, the installation frame consists of a base and side supports on which the bathtub is made. In the container for germinating grain, the bottom is made in the form of a perforated sheet with round holes necessary for draining water, side walls in the form of solid sheets on which handles are made for moving the container, a bubbler installed at the bottom of the bath, necessary for supplying air and additional source of grain tedding. One bath is made with the possibility of supplying water to another using a pump, a pipeline, as well as a mechanical filter, which is designed for cleaning from mechanical impurities and an ultraviolet sterilizer for water disinfection. There are artificial lighting lamps above the lower bathroom. A temperature sensor is installed in the water tank to measure the water temperature, and a tubular electric heater is installed to heat the water.

The principle of operation of the plant for germinating grain will be clear from the following description and the attached drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the installation for germinating grain. FIG. 2 shows a container for germinating grain.

At the same time, the installation for germinating grain consists of a water tank 1 (Fig. 1), a pump 2, which is designed to supply water through a pipeline 3, and a valve 4 is installed on the pipeline 3, which is designed to shut off the water supply. The frame of the installation consists of the base of the installation 5 and side supports 6. The side supports 6 are installed on the base of the installation 5. The lower tank 7 and the upper tank 8 are fixed on the side supports 6. The bottom of the tank for germinating grain 9 (Fig. 1, 2) is made in the form perforated sheet 10, having round holes necessary for the possibility of water drainage, also on the side walls of the container for germinating grain 9, handles 11 are made, necessary for moving the container for germinating grain 9 in order to load, unload grain, as well as shaking for turning the grain ... At the bottom of the baths 7, 8 (Fig. 1), bubblers 12, 13 are installed, which are necessary to supply air during the soaking of grain and an additional source of tedding of the grain. The pump 14 is designed to supply water from the lower bath 7 to the upper bath 8 through pipeline 15. The pipeline 15 has a mechanical cleaning filter 16 and an ultraviolet sterilizer 17. Also, a valve 18 is installed on pipeline 15, which is made to prevent water from draining from the upper bath 8 in the lower bath 7. Above the lower bath 7 there are lamps of artificial lighting 19, above the upper bath 8 are lamps of artificial lighting 20. The lamps of artificial lighting 20 are mounted on a lamp support 21. The tap 22 is designed to be able to shut off the water supply. The pump 23 is designed to pump water from the upper bath 8 into the water tank 1 through the pipeline 24. The mechanical filter 25 is designed to remove mechanical impurities. The ultraviolet sterilizer 26 is designed to carry out water disinfection. A temperature sensor 27 is installed in the water tank 1, which is designed to measure the temperature and a tubular electric heater 28, designed to heat water to predetermined temperatures.

Installation for germination of grain works as follows. Prepared grain is placed in the container for germinating grain 9 (Fig. 1, 2), then, with the help of handles 11, the container for germinating grain 9 is moved and installed in the bath 7 (Fig. 1). From the water tank 1 with the help of the pump 2 through the pipeline 3, water is pumped into the lower bath 7, then the tap 4 is turned off. Then the grain is soaked for 2.5-3 hours. Using a bubbler 12, air is supplied and additional grain mixing. To illuminate the grain, turn on artificial lighting lamps 19. After soaking, water is pumped using a pump 14 through a pipeline 15 (Fig. 1), then it is cleaned using a mechanical filter 16 and disinfected using an ultraviolet sterilizer 17, and is fed into the upper bath 8, where pre-installed containers for germination of grain 9 (Fig. 1, 2) with grain. Before filling the upper bath 8 (Fig. 1), the valve 22 is closed. As soon as the upper bath 8 is filled, the valve 18 is closed. Next, the grain is soaked for 2.5-3 hours. Using a bubbler 13, air is supplied and additional mixing of the grain. To illuminate the grain, artificial lighting lamps 20 are turned on, which are fixed on a lamp support 21. After soaking, the tap 22 is opened, water is pumped using a pump 23 through a pipeline 24, the water is further purified through a mechanical filter 25 and disinfected using an ultraviolet sterilizer 26, and then, in a purified and disinfected form, water is supplied to the water tank 1. Then, using the temperature sensor 27, the temperature is measured, if the water is at the optimum temperature, then the soaking cycle is repeated, if not, then the tubular electric heater 28 is turned on and the water is heated, then the cycle is repeated soaking. Subsequent soaking cycles are carried out every 4 hours, with 15-30 minutes soaking in water. In the interval between soaking, the grain is without water.

The installation for grain germination provides mechanization of the grain germination process, an increase in the productivity of the grain germination process due to continuous germination, a decrease in the cost of soaking grain and a decrease in losses during grain germination. Also cost savings through water reuse.

Information sources

1. RU 109634 U1, A01C 1/00 (2006.1), 27.10.2011. A device for germinating grain / V.V. Koksharov - 2011122452/13, Stated 02.06.2011; Publ. 27.10.2011.

2. RU 132679 U1, A01G 31/00 (2006.1), 27.09.2013. Hydroponic plant for growing green forage mass / M.L. Gordievskikh, E.I. Stolbovaya, O.S. Penzina - 2013122435/13, Stated 05/15/2013: Publ. 27.09.2013.

3. RU 2472330 C2, A01C 1/00 (2006.1), 20.01.2013. Method of germination of grain and device for its implementation / S.A. Bulavin, S.V. Vendin, Yu.V. Saenko and others - 2011109467/13, Stated 03/14/2011; Publ. 01/20/2013.

Claims (1)

Installation for germinating grain, consisting of a tank for water, which is connected to the bathtub by means of a pump and a pipeline, a frame made of a base and side supports, on which a bathtub with a bubbler at its bottom is made, above which lamps of artificial lighting are installed, tanks for germinating grain, tubular an electric heater, a temperature sensor, characterized in that it has an upper bath and a lower bath, which is configured to supply water to another using a pump, a pipeline, as well as a mechanical filter for cleaning from mechanical impurities and an ultraviolet sterilizer for water disinfection, and at the bottom of the baths Bubblers are installed to supply air during the soaking of grain and as a source of additional tedding of grain, while the bottom of the container for germinating grain is made in the form of a perforated sheet with round holes necessary for draining water, and the side walls are in the form of solid sheets on which handles for moved and a temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature and a tubular electric heater for heating water are installed in the water tank, and a valve is installed on the pipeline to prevent water from flowing from the upper bath to the lower bath.

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