RU2739697C1 - Method for preventing postpartum endometritis in cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary science, particularly to veterinary obstetrics, and may be used for preventing postpartum endometritis in cows. On the first, second and third postpartum days parenteral introduction of recombinant bulls α- and γ- interferons in dose of 2.5 ml each in combination with aminoseleton in dose of 2.5 ml/animal.

EFFECT: method provides higher effectiveness of preventing postpartum endometritis by reducing microbial contamination of cervicovaginal mucus and normalizing microbiocenosis using environmentally safe pharmacological preparations excluding milk rejection.

1 cl, 3 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to veterinary obstetrics, and can be used for the prevention of acute postpartum endometritis in cows.

Among the reasons for the decrease in fertility, milk productivity and productive longevity of dairy cows, a high proportion is occupied by inflammatory diseases of the uterus (endometritis) that develop in the postpartum period. Postpartum endometritis is an inflammation mainly of the mucous membrane of the uterus. In highly productive herds, it is recorded in 30-70% of animals and causes large economic losses associated with both reproductive and lactation disorders and high costs of their treatment [Lobodin K.A. Reproductive health of red-and-white cows and biotechnological methods of its correction: Author's abstract. diss. … Doctor of Veterinary Sciences. - St. Petersburg, - 2010. - 36 s]. Clinical signs of the disease appear 6-7 or 8-10 days after delivery. In the first case, endometritis develops, as a rule, against the background of the retention of the placenta or acute subinvolution of the uterus. From the genitals of the animal, when lying, straining or massage through the rectum, a large amount of purulent-mucous, purulent or serous-purulent exudate of a liquid consistency, gray-brown or yellow-brown color is released [Nezhdanov A.G., Misailov V.D. ., Shakhov A.G. Diseases of the reproductive organs in cows and the problems of their diagnosis, therapy and prevention // Actual problems of diseases of the reproductive organs and mammary gland in animals. Mater. International, scientific and practical. Conf., dedicated to the 35th anniversary of VNIVIPiT. Voronezh, 2005. - S. 8-11].

The main method of prevention of acute postpartum endometritis is the use of antimicrobial agents after calving, leading to the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms exhibiting multiple resistance [Ilyinsky, E.V. On some consequences of drug therapy used in obstetric and gynecological practice // Abstracts of the international conference. - Riga, 1997. - S. 68-70].

A known method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows using the drug oxylate. The preparation contains stimulants of metabolism and body resistance, a local antiseptic (cresocin, nicotinic acid, nipagin, nipazole, sodium hydroxide) and water for injection. Oxylate stimulates the contractility of the myometrium and regeneration processes in the endometrium, shortens the time of involution, eliminates atony and hypotension of the uterus. For prophylactic purposes, oxylate is administered to cows subcutaneously on the day of calving at a dose of 10-15 ml, on the second and third days after calving - at a dose of 10 ml. The effectiveness of the use of exylate reaches 90% [Instructions for the use of the drug oxylate for the treatment of gynecological pathologies. Registration certificate number 35-3-7.14-2285 No. PVR-3-5.9 / 00285 from 15.09.2014].

The disadvantage of this method is the need for multiple administration of the drug and the possibility of the appearance of inhibitory substances in milk.

A known method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows by the use of β-blockers that enhance the contractile activity of the uterus and normalize the reproductive function of animals, in particular uterotone, which is administered once during the first hours after birth at a dose of 10 ml / animal, which helps to reduce the incidence of cows by subinvolution of the uterus 2.6 times and postpartum endometritis - 2.7 times. [Sidorkin, V.A. Prospects for the use of β-blockers in obstetric practice / V.A. Sidorkin // Veterinary. - 2004. - No. 6. - S. 37-38].

The disadvantage of this method using uteroton is that its action is aimed only at increasing the contractile function and accelerating the involutional processes in the uterus and does not fully protect it from the action of infectious agents.

The closest technical solution, taken as a prototype, is a method for the prevention of endometritis, providing for parenteral administration of the drug uteroton at a dose of 10 ml / animal twice on days 1 and 2 after calving in combination with bovine recombinant α- and γ-interferons at a dose of 2.5 ml each, which provides a preventive efficacy at the level of 88.9% [RU 2691140 C1, A61K 31/138, A61K 38/21, A61P 15/00, publ. 06/11/2019, Bul. No. 17].

The disadvantage of this method is that the activation of the protective reactions of the animal's body and its protection from the action of infectious agents does not fully occur.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows using environmentally friendly pharmacological preparations that exclude milk rejection.

The technical result is achieved in that in the method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows, including parenteral administration after calving of bovine recombinant α- and γ-interferons in a dose of 2.5 ml each, according to the invention, bovine recombinant α- and γ-interferons are administered three times per 1, 2 and 3 days after calving in combination with aminooseleton at a dose of 2.5 ml / animal.

Aminoseleton is a tissue preparation obtained from the spleen by cryofractionation. This drug is used for immunodeficiency states of various etiologies. It is known that biologically active substances that increase cellular and humoral immunity are contained in the organs of the immune system of animals, including the spleen. The cells of this organ produce opsonins (tuftsin, fibronectin, etc.) a large complex of cytokines (IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL -10, IL-18, TNF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IFN-α, IFN-γ) vasoactive intestinal peptide, hepatocyte growth factor or scattering factor - HGF / SF, spleen-derived growth factor -SDGF (RU 2538721 C1, A61K 31/00, A61K 35/12, A61K 35/28, / 00, 01/10/2015 Bull. No. 1).

Bovine recombinant interferon is a species-specific drug that exhibits immunostimulating and antiviral activity in cattle. The effect of the drug is determined by the total effect of the exogenous protein on the affected cells and by the rapid induction of the endogenous interferon system, cellular and humoral immunity. Bovine recombinant interferon acts as an inducer of lysozyme and bactericidal activity of blood serum. Has anti-inflammatory effect. Increases the resistance of the animal body to the effects of DNA and RNA-containing viruses and pathogenic microorganisms [Instructions for use of the veterinary preparation "Interferon bovine recombinant IBR". Registration certificate No. 4950-10-15 BPH-F from 15.07.15].

The essence of the method is illustrated by examples.

Example 1.

The study of the effectiveness of the proposed method for the prevention of acute postpartum endometritis in cows was carried out on 34 animals, divided according to the principle of analogues into three groups. The cows in the first group (n = 10) were not prescribed drugs and served as negative controls. Animals of the second group (n = 11) on the first and second days after calving were injected intramuscularly with the drug uteroton at a dose of 10 ml / animal and recombinant bovine α- and γ-interferons at a dose of 2.5 ml each. The cows of the third group (n = 13) on the first, second and third days after calving were intramuscularly injected with recombinant bovine α- and γ-interferons at a dose of 2.5 ml each and aminoseleton at a dose of 2.5 ml / animal.

The animals were monitored daily for 14 days.

The results of the studies are presented in table 1.

From the data shown in Table 1, it follows that the most effective method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis was the complex use of α- and γ-interferons with aminoseleton (the claimed method), the effectiveness of which was 92.3%, which is 10.5%) higher in comparison with the prototype and 62.3% - in comparison with the negative control.

A high clinical effect is provided due to a greater increase in the activity of the cellular and humoral links of natural immunity, the antioxidant system in animals, a decrease in microbial contamination of the uterus and the level of endogenous intoxication (example 2, tables 2, 3).

Example 2.

Before the introduction of drugs and 12-14 days after calving, blood samples were taken from the cows for immunological and biochemical studies and cervico-vaginal mucus for bacteriological studies. The results are shown in Table 2.

It was found that in intact animals 12-14 days after calving, the leukocyte content increased by 20.0%, the phagocytic activity of leukocytes - by 4.8%, the phagocytic index - by 3.7%, the phagocytic number - by 7.5%, the content of total immunoglobulins - by 19.8%, lysozyme activity of blood serum - by 11.7% malonogialdegil - by 24.1%, the index of endogenous intoxication - by 7.4%, with a decrease in the concentration of vitamin A by 14.3%, vitamin Ε - by 12.3%, catalase activity - by 5.3%, glutathione peroxidase - by 3.5%. The noted changes indicate the activation of the cellular link of the immunity of intact animals and the activation of lipid peroxidation processes.

After applying the proposed method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows, the phagocytic activity of leukocytes is higher by 12.9% in comparison with intact animals, the phagocytic index - by 12.5%, the phagocytic number - by 32.6%, the bactericidal activity of blood serum - by 7, 0%, lysozyme activity of blood serum - by 40.3%, the content of total immunoglobulins - by 19.8%, vitamin A - by 58.3%, vitamin Ε - by 38.0%, catalase activity - by 16.5% , glutathione peroxidase - by 25.7%, with lower levels of malonic dialdehyde - by 38.9%, average molecular peptides - by 32.1% and the index of endogenous intoxication - by 23.6%, which indicates the activation of cellular and humoral links immunity, antioxidant system and a decrease in the level of endogenous intoxication.

Reduction of inflammatory reactions in the uterus of cows treated with preparations of aminoseletona and α-, γ- interferons according to the claimed method is evidenced by the results of bacteriological studies of cervico-vaginal mucus (Table 3).

It was found that in cows from the negative control group on days 12-14 after calving, the degree of microbial contamination of the uterus increased by 17.7%. Entero-, bifido- and lactobacteria are released from the uterine contents of cows from the negative control group in the same concentrations as at calving, indicating the development of an inflammatory process. After applying the proposed method of prevention, the degree of microbial contamination of the uterus decreased by 1.65 times compared with the initial values and by 26.9% compared to the prototype. Enterobacteriaceae after the application of the proposed method decreased 3.0 times compared with negative control and 2.0 times compared with the prototype, and bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, on the contrary, increased, respectively, in 2.0-4.0 and 1.5- 3.0 times,

Thus, the use of the proposed method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows is accompanied by a decrease in microbial contamination of cervico-vaginal mucus and normalization of microbiocenosis, indicating the absence of inflammatory reactions in the uterus.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention of postpartum endometritis in cows, including parenteral administration after calving of bovine recombinant α- and γ-interferons in a dose of 2.5 ml of each, characterized in that bovine recombinant α- and γ-interferons are administered three times on 1, 2 and 3 days after calving in combination with aminoseleton at a dose of 2.5 ml / animal.