RU2739438C1 - Underground garbage storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: removal and processing of solid wastes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an underground system for collection and temporary storage of garbage (wastes) having a device for compacting garbage in a garbage container. System of underground garbage storage contains torsion box 1 and a lift with stand 4, having the possibility of vertical movement and made with a lower platform intended for installation of garbage containers 2, and upper platform 5, at that in upper platform 5 there are through holes, above which urns 8 are installed. To reduce the number of garbage containers with SMW by 2.5–3 times, as well as reducing the area occupied by the system, and time for transfer of garbage from containers into garbage truck system of underground garbage storage is equipped with hydraulic press 6 for pressing garbage in garbage container 2, and hydraulic table 7 located under hydraulic press 6 and lifting container 2 during pressing of garbage. Hydraulic press 6 is located above garbage container, above which there is no bin. For operation of hydraulic press 6 and hydraulic table 7 the same hydraulic station 13 is used, which provides lifting-lowering stand 4 with garbage containers 2. Invention makes it possible to reduce dimensions of underground garbage storage without significant complication of system or at same dimensions and same number of garbage containers to increase capacity of underground garbage storage.

EFFECT: reducing the number of garbage containers with SMW by 2.5–3 times, as well as reducing the area occupied by the system and time for garbage transfer from containers to garbage truck.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to an underground system for the collection and temporary storage of garbage (waste), having a device for compacting garbage in a garbage container.

An underground system for garbage collection is known (RU 2492127, 09/10/2013), containing independent modules for various types of garbage collected, consisting in its underground zone of a bunker and a container for removing garbage with a crane, and on the surface - from a post with an entrance bin used by certain users with a hinged lid. The system contains means for opening and closing the lid, safety devices with a movable component leaning against the bunker wall when the container is inside the bunker and made with the ability to automatically unfold when the container is removed to a horizontal position with overlapping the bunker opening. The system also contains a means for opening and closing the entrance bin, a coupling device connected to the crane boom and providing the ability to automatically lift and transfer the container to the emptying zone. In this case, the coupling device contains a horizontal beam and two vertical consoles made with the possibility of vertical movement by hydraulic cylinders. Each console contains an external component having a grip at the end for engagement, means for automatically connecting the container to the crane, the stationary coupling elements of which are attached to the container body on each of its lateral sides and have cutouts at the upper ends for engaging with the external component of the console.

The closest analogue is an underground garbage collection device equipped with lifting devices (EP 1293451 A1, 19.03.2003). The device contains a caisson located underground, in which a cage with upper and lower platforms is installed, and garbage containers equipped with wheels are placed on the lower platform. Through holes are made in the upper platform of the cage, above which the urns are fixed. In the lower part of the caisson there is a lifting mechanism in the form of hydraulic cylinders connected with a cable system that lifts the cage.

Known analogs, including the closest analogue, are not optimized for receiving a large amount of garbage in a small area occupied by an underground garbage storage system.

The technical problem of existing underground waste storage systems (UGS) is, in particular, that they occupy an area equal to the area of a conventional container site. In the conditions of modern buildings, when designing courtyard territories, every square meter matters. Currently, 15% of municipal solid waste (MSW) is recycled in Russia, 30% in the USA. This means that at least 70% of MSW can be compressed. The compression ratio directly in a standard plastic container is 2.5-3. In other words, the length of the SPHM and, accordingly, the area occupied by containers with MSW that can be pressed will decrease by 2.5-3 times. This indicator is very important for developers. Also, the time for transferring containers to the garbage truck is reduced.

Like the closest analogue of the SPHM, it contains a caisson and a lift with a cage that can move vertically and is made with a lower platform designed for installing garbage containers, and an upper platform, while through holes are made in the upper platform, above which garbage bins (bins) are installed.

This technical problem is solved due to the fact that in the SPHM the number of garbage containers is one more than the through holes in the upper platform, above which garbage bins (bins) are installed, while the SPHM is equipped with a hydraulic press for pressing garbage located above the empty garbage container, above which does not have a garbage bin (urn), and a hydraulic table located under the hydraulic press and lifting the container during garbage compaction. In this case, above each garbage container, except for the container standing under the hydraulic press, a garbage level sensor is installed on the lower plane of the upper platform of the cage to transmit a signal to the garbage container filling signal lamp.

The technical result achieved with the use of the invention is that the supply of the SPHM with a hydraulic press and a hydraulic table, operating from the same hydraulic station, which provides lifting and lowering of the cage with garbage containers, makes it possible to reduce its dimensions without significantly complicating the system, or at the same dimensions and the same number of garbage containers to increase the capacity of the SPHM. Due to the introduction of waste compaction means, the number of waste containers with MSW is reduced by 2.5-3 times. Accordingly, the area occupied by the SPHM is also reduced and the time for reloading containers into a garbage truck is additionally reduced. In addition, due to the unloading of containers by a hydraulic table that acts on the entire area of the bottom of the garbage container and eliminates the load on the container wheels, the safety of the containers is ensured and their mechanical damage is excluded.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the location of the caisson and the cage with waste containers. The cage is down. The hydraulic press plate 6 is lowered. The hydraulic table 7 is raised, supports the bottom of the container 2.

In the drawings, the numbers indicate:

1 - Caisson.

2 - Garbage containers for municipal solid waste (MSW).

3 - Cage lifting mechanism with hydraulic cylinder.

4 - Cage.

5 - Upper platform of the stand.

6 - Hydraulic press, compressing waste.

7 - Hydraulic table that lifts the container during pressing.

8 - Urn.

9 - The lower platform of the stand.

10 - Control stand with control panel.

11 - Vertical guides.

12 - Metal case for the installation of the hydraulic station.

13 - Hydroelectric station.

14 - Debris level sensor.

15 - Container overflow warning light.

The underground waste storage system designed for the collection of solid municipal waste - MSW, contains an underground part - a caisson 1, in which a stand 4 is installed with the possibility of vertical movement along vertical guide posts 11, and a ground part - bins 8 with lids and a control panel located in the rack control 14. The control stand is installed on the cover of the hydraulic unit 13.

The crate 4 for placing garbage containers 2 is made with a horizontal lower platform, which is a floor, and an upper platform 5, tightly overlapping the inner part of the caisson 1 when the cage 4 is lowered to the lowest position. The power set of the stand 4 is made in the form of vertical posts, between which at least one opening is formed, through which waste containers 2 are rolled out of the cage. On the horizontal bottom platform of stand 4, i.e. on its floor, garbage containers 2 with wheels are installed to move it along the horizontal lower platform of cage 4 and roll out containers 2 through the opening in the side of cage 4 to the surface outside the cage 4, i.e. to the surface of the earth in order to provide the possibility of unloading waste from the garbage container 2 for transportation to the disposal site using conventional known means (garbage trucks, etc.) The number of garbage containers 2 in preferred embodiments of the invention can be up to eight.

To receive garbage in the upper platform 5 under each urn 8, at least one through hole is made. The urn 8 is provided with an opening / closing means, namely a lid with a lock.

SPKhM is equipped with a hydraulic press 6, which compresses waste. The hydraulic press is installed above one of the containers 2 on the lower plane of the upper platform of the stand 5 above one of the containers. The hydraulic press 6 is intended for pressing waste in a garbage container 2, while above this container there is no trash can and a through hole in the upper platform 5. Vertically opposite the hydraulic press 6, under the garbage container 2, above which there is a hydraulic press 6, from below, on the same container place is a hydraulic table 7, which raises the waste container 2 during pressing. The garbage container is lifted during the compaction of the garbage by the hydraulic press 6 so that the wheels of the container 2 are not loaded or broken.

The lifting mechanism 3 of the stand 4 is a hydraulic lift with hydraulic cylinders, which operates from the hydraulic station (hydraulic drive) 13, located in the metal body 12 outside the caisson 1. The hydraulic cylinders of the lifting mechanism 3, which raise / lower the stand 4, are supplied with oil from the hydraulic station through the hoses high pressure. The lifting mechanism 3 of cage 4 is controlled through the control panel located in the control stand 10 installed on the housing cover for the hydraulic station 13. To transfer garbage from garbage containers 2 to a garbage truck, the mechanism for moving 3 of cage 4 lifts cage 3 with garbage containers 2 so that the lower platform 9 (floor) of cage 4 was at ground level, which makes it possible to roll out garbage containers 2 from cage 4 for the subsequent transfer of garbage from containers 2 to a garbage truck.

Above each garbage container 2, except for the container standing under the hydraulic press, a garbage level sensor 14 is installed on the lower plane of the upper platform 5 of the stand 4, which transmits a signal to the signal lamp 15 of filling the garbage container 2.

SPHM works as follows.

One of the container places is equipped with a hydraulic press 6. Above the place where the hydraulic press 6 is installed, on the upper platform of the stand 4, the urn 8 is not installed.

In the initial position, the stand 4 is lowered into the caisson 1 and is in the lowest position. Waste containers 2 are empty. The plate of the hydraulic press 6 is in the lowest position, lowered into an empty garbage container, while this container is raised by a hydraulic table 7. Users begin to dump MSW through bins into containers 2.

As soon as one or several containers are full, the signal light 15 goes on. The operator, using the control panel, gives a signal to raise the stand 4.

When the stand 4 is in the uppermost position, the operator lifts the plate of the hydraulic press 6, the hydraulic table 7 is lowered, the wheels of the container 2 stand on the lower platform of the stand 9. The operator swaps the places of the filled container and the empty garbage container 2 standing under the hydraulic press 6.

Stand 4, at the command of the operator, is lowered into the caisson to the lower position. The plate of the hydraulic press 6 is lowered and begins to squeeze the garbage, the hydraulic table 7 always raises the garbage container before that 2. The containers 2 with compressed compacted garbage are put back into the cage 4. When filling several containers at once, the operator can place them in turn under the hydraulic press 6 and, lowering the plate of the hydraulic press 6, compress the debris.

After several cycles of rearranging the containers 2, when they are full, the operator raises the cage 4 and transfers the garbage from the garbage containers 2 to the garbage truck.

Claims (2)

1. A system of underground garbage storage, containing a caisson and a lift with a cage that can be moved vertically and is made with a lower platform designed for installing garbage containers, and an upper platform, while in the upper platform there are through holes over which trash cans are installed. that the number of garbage containers installed on the lower platform of the cage is one more garbage container than the garbage cans, while the system is equipped with a hydraulic press for pressing garbage located above the garbage can above which there is no garbage can, and a hydraulic table located under the hydraulic press, designed to raise the container during garbage compaction, while the hydraulic press and the hydraulic table use the same hydraulic unit, which provides lifting and lowering of the cage with garbage containers. 2. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that above each garbage container, except for the container standing under the hydraulic press, a garbage level sensor is installed on the lower plane of the upper platform of the cage to transmit a signal to the garbage container filling signal lamp.

Images