RU2738290C1 - Device for concentrated juice and natural water production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry equipment, namely to equipment for processing natural juices with production of biologically active concentrated juice and natural water, and can be used in increasing the weight ratio of dry substances in extracts, hydrolysates, milk, caviar juice, animal blood, meat-and-bone broths. Device for producing concentrated juice and natural water includes a container for direct squeezed juice, an evaporator with an electric heater, a temperature control and a spray trap, a steam line, vertical and horizontal capacitors, a water collector, a receiving container for concentrated juice and a vacuum pump, wherein the steam line, the vertical and horizontal capacitors are arranged inside the evaporator cover, drive of mixing device is installed on cover of evaporator, cover of evaporator is connected by pipeline to water collector, shaft of mixing device passes through steam line and spray trap.

EFFECT: technical result of invention consists in reduction of overall dimensions of device, scope of work and consumption of material during its manufacture and improvement of efficiency of device due to location of steam pipeline, vertical and horizontal capacitors inside evaporator cover, use of evaporator cover inner capacity, reduction of number of vacuum pumps to one and installation of mixing device.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to apparatus for the food industry, namely, equipment for processing natural juices to obtain biologically active concentrated juice and natural water and can be used when increasing the mass fraction of dry substances in extracts, hydrolysates, milk, caviar juice, animal blood, meat and bone broths ...

Known device for obtaining concentrated juice and drinking water, including an evaporator with an electric heater and a thermostat, a condenser, a condensate collector and a pump [1]. However, this device is not efficient enough, since it operates in a single loading mode and does not allow the juice processing process to be carried out in a continuous cycle.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a device for obtaining natural water and concentrated juice, including a container for directly squeezed juice, an evaporator with an electric heater, a thermostat and a spray trap, a steam line, horizontal and vertical condensers, main and additional collectors for water, reception a container for concentrated juice and three vacuum pumps [2].

However, in this device, which realizes juice processing in a continuous cycle, the steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers, as well as an additional water collector, are made in the form of independent blocks. The horizontal condenser is connected to the evaporator by a steam line and a pipeline with a vertical condenser, which, in turn, is connected by a pipeline to an additional water collector. The implementation of the steam line, condensers and an additional collector in the form of independent blocks, the use of pipelines to connect these blocks to each other, the use of three vacuum pumps increases the overall dimensions of the device, increases the volume of work and material consumption during its manufacture. In addition, this device is not equipped with an agitator, which leads to adhesion of the concentrate and the appearance of a build-up on the inner surface of the evaporator shell. The build-up insulates the surface, reduces the transfer of heat from the working fluid in the evaporator jacket to the concentrated juice, slows down the evaporation process, and reduces the efficiency of the device.

The problem to be solved by the invention is to reduce the overall dimensions, volume of work and material consumption in the manufacture and increase the efficiency of the device due to the location of the steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers inside the evaporator cover, using the internal capacity of the cover as an additional one, reducing the number of vacuum pumps up to one and the installation of a mixing device.

This is achieved by the fact that in a device for obtaining concentrated juice and natural water, including a container for directly squeezed juice, an evaporator with an electric heater, a thermostat and a spray trap, a steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers, a collector for water, a receiving container for concentrated juice and a vacuum pump, the steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers are located inside the evaporator cover, a stirring device drive is installed on the evaporator cover, and the evaporator cover is connected by a pipeline to the water collector, and the stirring device shaft passes through the steam line and the spray trap.

Placing the steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers inside the evaporator cover excludes the steam line and both condenser casings from the device, as well as the pipeline connecting them. The vertical condenser is made in the form of a plurality of parallel tubes, the ends of which are connected by a horizontal condenser in the form of a flat cylinder. The inner container of the evaporator cover is formed by the bottom, shell and steam line, and its connection with a pipeline to the water collector provides the function of an additional collector. The compact arrangement of the condensers concentrically to the steam line inside the evaporator cover, the use of its internal tank as an additional collection of natural water, as well as the reduction of the number of vacuum pumps to one, reduces the overall dimensions, the volume of work and the consumption of material in the manufacture of the device.

The stirrer drive is installed on the evaporator cover, while its shaft passes through the steam line and the spray trap and rotates the blade inside the evaporator. The rotation prevents the concentrate from sticking and the build-up on the inner surface of the shell during concentration, ensures the constant intensity of heat transfer from the working fluid in the jacket to the concentrated juice and increases the efficiency of the device.

The passage of the stirring device shaft through the steam line and the spray trap along the axis of the evaporator and its cover provides axial symmetry, which reduces the overall dimensions, reduces the amount of work and material consumption in the manufacture of the device.

The figure shows a diagram of a device for obtaining concentrated juice and natural water, prepared for work, where 1 is a container with directly squeezed juice; 2 - evaporator with concentrated juice; 3 - spray trap; 4 - horizontal condenser; 5 - vertical condenser; 6 - evaporator cover; 7 - stirring device drive; 8 - steam line; 9 - electric heater with a thermostat; 10 - water collection; 11 - vacuum pump; 12 - receiving container; 13 - direct-flow vacuum valve; 14-19 - vacuum valves.

The device works as follows.

With valve 13 and valves 14, 17 and 18 closed and valves 15, 16 and 19 open, the pressure in the device is reduced by means of pump 11. In the process of decreasing the pressure, valve 14 is opened and directly squeezed juice is pumped from container 1 into evaporator 2. After loading valve 14 cut off the evaporator from the container with juice. Reduce the pressure in the evaporator to the working one and turn on the heating 9. After reaching the steady state concentration mode, the pump is cut off from the vacuum system by valves 16 and 19, valve 17 is opened, the pump is turned off and the concentration is carried out. Under the influence of the pressure difference between the evaporator and its cover 6, which is at the operating pressure of the device, steam through the spray trap 3 through the steam line 8 enters the evaporator cover, where it condenses on the outer surface of the tubes of the vertical condenser 5. The condensate, which is natural water, flows down to the bottom of the cover evaporator and cooled by a horizontal condenser 4. The bottom and shell of the evaporator cover together with the steam line form an internal container that performs the function of an additional collector connected by a pipeline to the main collector. Cooled condensate through valve 15 flows from the inner container of the evaporator lid to the collector 10. During the concentration cycle, the temperature in the evaporator is maintained at a predetermined level using the thermostat 9. In the process of removing moisture, actuator 7 is turned on, stirring and preventing the concentrated juice from sticking to the evaporator shell. The end of the cycle is judged by the termination of the flow of distillate from the evaporator lid into the collector.

At the end of the cycle, the drive of the agitator is turned off and the evaporator is unloaded by opening the direct-flow valve 13. Under the action of gravity, the concentrated juice flows from the evaporator into the receiving container 12. After unloading, the evaporator is cut off by the valve 13 from the receiving container and the next batch of juice is loaded into it through valve 14. Collector 10 is cut off from the evaporator by valve 15. Air is allowed into containers 10 and 12 by opening valves 16 and 19. Water is drained from collector 10 and concentrated juice from receiving container 12. Valve 17 is closed and the pump is turned on. After reaching the operating pressure in the containers 10 and 12, open the valve 15, drain water from the inner container of the evaporator cover into the main collector 10, close the valves 16 and 19, open the valve 17, turn off the pump and carry out the next concentration cycle.

The tests of the proposed device were carried out during the processing of directly squeezed apple juice to obtain natural water and concentrated juice.

When the pump is running, 30 liters of juice are pumped into the evaporator from the container with juice. Within 20 minutes, the device has reached operating pressure, heating is on, and cooling is supplied to the evaporator cover. After the juice boiled and the concentration began, the pump was cut off from the vacuum system by valves 16 and 19 and turned off after the air was admitted through valve 17. The flow of natural water into the main collection began 37 minutes after the pump was turned on. During evaporation, the temperature of the juice in the evaporator averaged 46 ° C. In a steady state, natural water was supplied to the collector at a rate of 17 l / h. An hour after reaching the steady state, the stirrer drive was switched on, which provided the blade rotation speed in the evaporator of 23 rpm. Before the end of the concentration cycle, when the rate of moisture removal dropped by an order of magnitude to 1.5 l / h, the heating and the stirrer drive were turned off. Concentration lasted 95 minutes. The time of the first cycle from the start of pumping to the end of condensation was 2 hours and 12 minutes.

At the end of the cycle, the evaporator is cut off from the collector by the valve 15 and the concentrated juice is discharged through the valve 13, followed by the isolation of the evaporator from the receiving tank. A new batch of juice is loaded into the evaporator through valve 14 and heating is turned on. During heating, the receiving tank and the water collector are unloaded and the working pressure is created in them. After reaching the operating pressure, the water collector is connected with a valve 15 to the evaporator cover, from the inner container of which water is drained into the collector. At the end of the second cycle, which lasted 1 hour 52 minutes, and the unloading of the processed products, air was filled into the evaporator and the cover was removed from it together with the stirring device. Visual inspection of the inner surface of the evaporator shell showed no build-up.

The elimination of the steam line, horizontal and vertical condensers and an additional collector from the design of the device, made in the form of separate blocks, the use of the internal capacity of the evaporator cover, reduction of the number of pumps to one reduced the size, reduced the amount of work and material consumption in the manufacture of the device. The use of a stirring device prevented the concentrate juice from sticking to the inner surface of the evaporator shell.

The technical result of the invention consists in reducing the overall dimensions, volume of work and material consumption in the manufacture and increasing the efficiency of the device due to the location of the steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers inside the evaporator cover, using the internal capacity of the cover as an additional one, reducing the number of vacuum pumps to one and installing a mixing devices.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination:

1. Patent RU No. 2351238 C1, publ. 10.04.2009

2. Patent RU No. 2435457 C1, publ. 12/10/2011 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for obtaining concentrated juice and natural water, including a container for directly squeezed juice, an evaporator with an electric heater, a thermostat and a spray trap, a steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers, a collector for water, a receiving tank for concentrated juice and a vacuum pump, characterized in that the steam line, vertical and horizontal condensers are located inside the evaporator cover, the stirring device drive is installed on the evaporator cover, and the evaporator cover is connected by a pipeline to the water collector, and the stirring device shaft passes through the steam line and the spray trap.

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