RU2737044C2 - Jigging machine centrifugal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: enrichment of minerals.

SUBSTANCE: disclosed invention can be used for dressing of diamond-containing raw materials, other ores and sands containing heavy minerals in size range of 0.5–8.0 mm. Jigging machine comprises support frame, jig-removal compartment in the form of a fixed vertical cylinder with a conical lower part and a jigging chamber, a device designed to create ascending-descending water pulses in the jigging section, loading device for supply of initial power supply, unloading device for upper and lower products, unit for supply of oversize water and node for supply of undersize water. Jigging chamber made in the form of a cylinder with a sieve in the lower part is installed fixedly, without possibility of rotation. In the wall of the jigging chamber there is at least one loading device made in form of a horizontal inlet chute, which longitudinal axis is directed tangentially to central axis of jigging chamber. Wall of the inlet chute distal from the central axis of the jigging chamber is directed tangentially to the wall of the jigging chamber. Unloading device for upper product is made in form of pipe installed along central axis of jigging compartment. Upper inlet part of the pipe is located inside the jigging chamber, and the lower outlet part of the pipe is located outside the jigging compartment. Jigging chamber has at least one unloading device for the lower product, made in the form of unit with holes for unloading of bottom enrichment product from jigging chamber. Surface water feed unit is made in the form of a branch pipe located in the inlet chute, to provide required initial feed rate at inlet to jigging chamber. Unloading device of lower product has locking screw allowing to control rate of unloading of bottom enrichment product from jigging chamber.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of separation of separated material in grain size 0_5–8_0 mm.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing and can be used to enrich diamond-containing raw materials, other ores and sands containing heavy minerals in the size range 0.5 - 8.0 mm.

Known commercially available jigging machines such as OMGR (www.tokltd.com), type MOD (www.zavodtrud.ru), type MO (www.zaoplatov.ru), which are used in the diamond mining industry, both in Russia and abroad. Jigging machines of this type have two or more jigging chambers of a round or rectangular profile in plan and are fundamentally different in the device that creates ascending-descending impulses of water due to which minerals are separated. In the first case, ascending-descending impulses of water occur due to the movement of the membrane in the stationary jigging compartment, in the second case, due to the mobility of the cone connected to the stationary part of the jigging compartment by means of a diaphragm, in the third case, ascending-descending impulses of water are provided by compressed air entering the stationary jigging compartment. branches.

In all cases, the separation of the enriched raw material occurs due to only one physical effect - ascending-descending impulses of water. The movement of material, in the horizontal plane, is translational and occurs from the loading point in the front of the jigging chamber to the unloading point located on the opposite side, the rear of the jigging chamber.

In this case, the bottom product (concentrate) settles down and is discharged in the lower part of the jigging compartment, or it accumulates at the bottom of the jigging chamber (on the sieve), and the upper product (tails) is washed off by a stream of water in the back of the jigging chamber.

The disadvantage of these machines is a decrease in the concentration efficiency with a decrease in the size of the processed material less than 2.0 mm.

The closest analogue (prototype) to the proposed invention in terms of the physical essence of the separation process being carried out is a centrifugal jigging machine including: a support frame, two fixed jigging compartments, two cone-shaped jigging chambers with perforated walls installed inside the jigging compartments and fixed on rotating vertical shafts, two movable cones, two diaphragms, balancing drive, loading and unloading device for concentrate and tailings, sealing of the gap between the rotating chamber and the jigging compartment made in the form of a unit, floating bearings of rotating shafts.

The loading device is a funnel mounted above a hollow rotating shaft. The unloading device of the concentrate is a branch pipe of a fixed flow section for continuous unloading, installed in the lower part of the jigging compartment. The tailings unloading device is an annular chute mounted motionlessly on the jigging compartment along the periphery of the rotating chamber (RF patent 2209679, 2001).

In this case, separation of the enriched raw material occurs due to two physical effects: centrifugal force and jigging in ascending-descending impulses of water.

The prototype is intended for the beneficiation of ores and sands containing heavy small-sized minerals with a particle size of 0.5 mm or less and is recommended for use in the beneficiation of ores and sands of non-ferrous and precious metals.

The disadvantages of the prototype include a narrow range of the size of the concentrating raw materials and the complexity of the design. The narrow size range is determined by the design of the floating support of the rotating shaft and the sealing of the gap between the rotating chamber and the stationary deposit box. In both cases, protection against the ingress of solid abrasive particles into these assemblies is assumed by supplying water with excess pressure. This scheme does not provide for the enrichment of larger classes, as this will lead to the destruction of the jig units.

The invention is based on the idea of creating an enrichment equipment capable of effectively enriching diamond-containing material in the size range of 0.5 - 8.0 mm, while the design should be simple and reliable in operation and not require high operating costs.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the machine is a centrifugal jigging machine, including: a support frame, two symmetrically located jigging compartments, a device for creating ascending-descending impulses of water in the depositing compartments, loading and unloading devices for concentrate and tailings, a unit for feeding oversize water and a unit for feeding undersize water. water has the following essential features that affect the technical result:

The deposit compartment is an open top cylinder with a conical bottom.

The device for creating ascending-descending impulses of water is an electric drive, a crank mechanism, a balancer, a rod and a membrane installed in the jigging compartments.

The deposition chamber is a cylinder open from above, at the bottom of which a sieve is installed. A sieve with a mesh of 0.5 mm is used as a sieve. There is a hole in the center of the sieve for installing a tailings unloading device. The jigging chamber is fixed on the jigging compartment from above. The jigging chamber rotation is not provided.

The loading device is an inlet chute with vertical sides and a horizontal bottom. The inlet chute is installed tangentially on the jigging chamber, with the possibility of supplying the initial feed tangentially to the inner wall of the jigging chamber. The bottom of the inlet chute is located at a certain height from the sieve, which is determined by the height of the layer of the concentrating material in the deposit chamber. The inlet chute and the jigging chamber are structurally made as a single whole.

The overhead discharge device is a tail pipe, vertically installed in the center of the jigging compartment. In the upper part, the tail pipe has a through outlet to the jigging chamber through a hole in the sieve. The upper end part of the tail pipe is located at a certain height from the sieve, which is determined by the height of the layer of the enriched material. The lower part of the tail pipe is brought out outside the undersize space of the jigging compartment.

The underflow unloader is a concentrate unloader and valve. The unloader is made in the form of a unit and is a closed loop that forms a cavity on the inner side of the tail pipe. The contour overlaps two holes made in the wall of the tail pipe and located one above the other. The upper inlet opening is located directly above the screen of the deposition chamber. The lower outlet opening has a larger diameter and is located under the sieve. The holes are intended for unloading the concentrate from the sieve of the depositing chamber into the undersizing space of the depositing compartment. On the axis of the upper inlet, in the wall of the unloader, a locking screw is installed with the possibility of blocking the upper inlet or providing dosed unloading of the concentrate into the undersize space of the jigging compartment. A breather is installed in the upper part of the unloader, which is a branch pipe connecting the unloader cavity with the atmosphere. The upper end of the breather is located slightly higher than the end of the tail pipe, to exclude the ingress of light minerals into the unloader circuit and, accordingly, into the concentrate. The concentrate valve is located at the bottom of the deposit compartment.

The oversize water supply unit is a branch pipe installed at the point of abutment of the input troughs of the depositing chambers to each other, with the possibility of simultaneously supplying water to both depositing chambers.

The undersize water supply unit is a branch pipe with the possibility of supplying water to the undersizing space of the jigging compartment.

The declared centrifugal jigging machine differs from the prototype by fixed jigging chambers. The rotational movement of the material is provided due to the tangential input of the initial feed and oversize water at a given speed with the simultaneous effect of ascending-descending water impulses, which contribute to loosening and mobility of the material in the jigging chamber. The central location of the tail tube facilitates efficient removal of light product, which is separated by centrifugal force. The use of an unloader allows flexible control of the technological process. Allows to obtain concentrates with low yield and high recovery of the useful component. The absence of rotating parts in contact with the material to be concentrated allows the claimed invention to be used in the size range of 0.5 - 8 mm

The combination of known and new features distinguishes the declared centrifugal jigging machine with simple design and reliability in operation.

These distinctive features are not known and do not obviously follow from the prior art.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the claimed centrifugal jigging machine in two projections: top view and longitudinal section. Base frame, electric drive not shown.

FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the unloader operation. Locking screw in open position.

FIG. 3 is a photograph of the operating declared centrifugal jigging machine for enrichment of diamond-containing raw materials of class -2 + 1mm. The green outline shows the top product with a specific gravity of less than 2.9 g / cm ³ released by centrifugal force.

FIG. 4 photograph, close-up of material going down the tailings. The green contour marks the sector of the descent of the upper product with a specific gravity of up to 2.9 g / cm ³ , the red contour marks the sector of the descent of the upper product with the specific gravity of 2.9 - 3.3 g / cm ³ .

FIG. 5 shows the technical result - the concentrate obtained through the unloader 3.3 - 4.2 g / cm ³ .

FIG. 6 shows the technical result - the concentrate close-up. The concentrate is represented by heavy diamond companion minerals: picroilmenite, pyrope, chrome diopside, etc., as well as 1 diamond crystal.

FIG. 7 photograph of the jigging machine OMGR-02M. The design is closest to the claimed invention. Used as a basis for the implementation of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a photograph of a centrifugal jigging machine claimed for invention with the material to be enriched in jig chambers in a static state.

FIG. 9 shows a diagram of a prototype centrifugal jigging machine.

The declared centrifugal jigging machine includes: a support frame (not shown in Fig. 1) on which there are two identical symmetrically located jigging compartments (1), each of which contains a jigging chamber (2) with a sieve (3) installed in its lower part and an input a chute (4), a tail pipe (5) with an unloader (6), a concentrate valve (7), an undersize water supply pipe (not shown in Fig. 1), a membrane (8) with a rod (9) inserted into the jigging compartment. The centrifugal jig also includes a feed chute (10), an oversize water supply pipe (11), a balancer (12) and a drive that provides reciprocating movements of the balancer (not shown in Fig. 1).

The declared centrifugal jigging machine for the enrichment of diamond-containing raw materials operates as follows:

The initial power is fed through the feed chute to the inlet chutes and is divided into two equal flows. One stream of initial feed enters the left deposition chamber, the second stream of material enters the right deposition chamber. Both deposit chambers operate in parallel.

The oversize water flow entering through the branch pipe (11) accelerates the material to a certain speed and introduces it tangentially into the jigging chamber, creating a centrifugal field. In this case, the flow of oversize water, at the entrance to the centrifugal field, maximally presses the incoming material against the wall of the jigging chamber, where the centrifugal force is maximal.

Under the action of centrifugal force, the material is redistributed in terms of density. Light material is displaced to the center and goes into the tail pipe, and the material with a specific gravity of up to 2.9 g / cm ³ goes into the tail pipe already at the first turn of material movement in the jigging chamber.

The effect of centrifugal force is pronounced only in the first half of the movement of the processed material in a circle, since the angular velocity of the medium in the stationary jigging chamber rapidly decreases, but this turns out to be sufficient to effectively separate the light material and immediately remove it from beneficiation. FIG. 3 green color indicates the material of the top product, separated under the influence of centrifugal force (specific gravity up to 2.9 g / cm ³ , the material is usually lighter).

The enriched material with a specific gravity of more than 2.9 g / cm ³ , under the influence of centrifugal force, moves along the wall of the jigging chamber and outside the effective centrifugal field, separates under the action of ascending-descending impulses of water (jigging). Material of intermediate density 3.0-3.3 g / cm ³ , depending on the grain shape, roughness, roundness, can be in the jigging chamber for a considerable time continuing to move in a circle and repeatedly falling into the centrifugal field, which also contributes to a more complete extraction into concentrate of the useful component. The hydrodynamic conditions of the constrained movement of the material in the jigging chamber are created in such a way that two unloading sectors are visually distinguished at the end of the tail pipe. FIG. 4 shows a close-up of the material escaping into the tail pipe. Green color shows the sector of material descending into the tailings with a specific gravity of up to 2.9 g / cm ³ (material is lighter), red color shows the sector of material descending into the tailings with a specific gravity of 2.9 - 3.3 g / cm ³ (material is darker and more rounded).

The bottom product material with a specific gravity of more than 3.3 g / cm ³ , continuing its rotational movement, but at a much lower speed, accumulates in the lower layer, while uniformly filling the entire area of the sieve of the jigging chamber.

According to the method of removing the concentrate, there are two modes of operation of the centrifugal jigging machine: When processing material with a low content of heavy minerals, the unloader shut-off screw (13) is in the “Closed” position. The concentrate accumulates on the sieve. The technological process is stopped periodically and the accumulated concentrate is removed. When processing material with a high content of heavy minerals, the unloader shut-off screw is in the "Open" position, the concentrate passes through the holes (14, 15) and accumulates in the lower conical part of the jigging compartment. The accumulated concentrate is periodically discharged through the concentrate valve (7) without stopping the process.

The hydraulic resistance of water movement through the openings of the unloader is much less than through the sieve cells of the deposit chamber. As a result, a negative phenomenon for the jigging process may occur, in the form of turbulent mixing of the already separated heavy material with a lighter one, near the upper inlet (14), and heavy minerals may descend into the tailings, especially typical for enrichment of material less than 2 mm. To solve the problem, a breather (16) is included in the unloader design.

The breather is used to dump an excessive water impulse in the pumping cycle (upward flow) to prevent heavy minerals from being dumped into the tailings near the upper inlet of the unloader.

The degree of opening of the unloader shut-off screw determines the quality and quantity of the concentrate and allows you to control and change these indicators in the normal operation of the centrifugal jigging machine, without stopping the technological process. FIG. 5, 6 show the concentrate obtained through the unloader.

The claimed invention was implemented by changing the design of the jigging machine OMGR-02M (Fig. 7). For this purpose, inlet chutes with an oversize water supply device are mounted in the jigging chambers; tail pipes with unloaders are installed in the center of the jigging compartments. The position of the first jigging chamber in height was set at the same level with the second jigging chamber. The position of the feeding chute was changed to the central one. FIG. 8 shows a centrifugal jigging machine obtained as a result of changes in the design of the jigging machine OMGR-02M.

The tests of the centrifugal jigging machine and the comparative evaluation of the extraction at various size classes were carried out in order to confirm the technical result.

When processing diamond-containing material of the first and second categories of washability of class -8 + 4mm, the extraction of the centrifugal jigging machine did not differ from the indicators of the OMG-02M jigging machine and was at the level of 100%. When processing the material of the third category of washability, the extraction of the centrifugal jigging machine turned out to be 5 - 10% higher. The analysis was carried out by passing through tracers with specific gravity of 2.7 - 3.53 g / cm ³ in size 6x6x6 mm.

When processing diamond-bearing material of class -2 + 0.5mm, different categories of washability, the extraction of the centrifugal jigging machine turned out to be higher than the OMGR-02M jigging machine by 20 - 40%. The analysis was carried out by assessing the amount of diamond satellite minerals entering the concentrate.

The centrifugal jigging machine announced as a prototype (Fig. 9) is intended for enrichment of material with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm and, first of all, fine gold. There is no data on the extraction of material with a particle size of -8 + 0.5 mm by the prototype.

The centrifugal jigging machine declared for the invention has the following obvious advantages over the prototype:

1. A wide range of size of the processed material (-8 + 0.5mm);

2. Possibility of monitoring and adjusting the main indicators of concentration, extraction and output into concentrate, by means of an unloader in the normal operation of the equipment;

3. Simplicity and reliability.

Claims (3)

1. Centrifugal jigging machine, including a support frame, a jigging compartment in the form of a fixed vertical cylinder with a conical bottom and a jigging chamber, a device designed to create ascending-descending impulses of water in the jigging compartment, a loading device for supplying initial power, an unloading device for the upper and bottom products, a unit for supplying oversize water and a unit for supplying undersizing water, characterized in that the jigging chamber, made in the form of a cylinder with a sieve in the lower part, is stationary, without the possibility of rotation, in the wall of the jigging chamber there is at least one loading device made in the form of a horizontal inlet chute, the longitudinal axis of which is directed tangentially to the central axis of the jigging chamber, and the wall of the inlet chute farthest from the central axis of the jigging chamber is directed tangentially to the wall of the jigging chamber, the discharge device for the upper product is made it is located in the form of a pipe installed along the central axis of the jigging compartment, the upper inlet part of the pipe is located inside the jigging chamber, and the lower outlet part of the pipe is located outside the jigging compartment, the jigging chamber has at least one unloading device for the underproduct, made in the form of a unit with holes for unloading the bottom product of concentration from the deposit chamber. 2. Jigging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the oversize water supply unit is made in the form of a branch pipe located in the inlet chute to provide the required linear speed of the initial feed at the entrance to the jigging chamber. 3. The jigging machine according to claim. 1, characterized in that the unloading device of the underflow has a locking screw that allows you to adjust the rate of unloading of the underflow from the jig.

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