RU2131777C1 - Centrifugal jig unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: concentration of ores and sands containing fine-grained heavy minerals by gravitational separation in pulp flow. SUBSTANCE: machine includes bearing frame which carries two equidimensional jigging compartment which are made in form of fixed housing with flange in upper portion and cone-shaped movable jigging chamber with perforated walls, flange and overflow lip. Chambers are secured as cantilever on revolving shafts provided with lower floating supports. Machine is provided with pipe line for delivery of pulp to chambers and branch pipes for delivery of underscreen water. Fixed housing of jigging compartment are connected via diaphragms with movable cones which are articulated together by means of balance beam frame set in motion by means of double-arm balance lever. Movable cones are provided with branch pipes in their lower portions for discharge of heavy fraction. Mounted in jigging compartments between fixed housing and movable jigging chambers on flanges of chambers are contactless labyrinth seals made in form of several multi-start spiral-shaped riffles which have form of right-angle triangle in cross section with vertical edge directed towards axis of rotation. Volute-shaped pulp receivers located above jigging compartments are used for discharge of light fraction. EFFECT: reduction power requirement; enhanced efficiency and reliability of unit. 2 cl

Description

 The present invention relates to the field of mineral processing and can be used to enrich ores and sands containing fine-grained heavy minerals.

 Known mass-produced and widely used both in our country and abroad jigging machines of the MOD type and the Trud type. The jigging machine of these types has two symmetric jigging chambers, an eccentric drive, movable cones and rubber diaphragms, with the help of which the drive creates ascending and descending water pulsations in the jigging chambers (Prospect Plant Trud, Novosibirsk, 1993).

 A common drawback of these machines: a decrease in the concentration efficiency with a decrease in particle size, especially the extraction of particles with a particle size of less than 0.25 mm is especially small. Meanwhile, in the coming years, the main source of gold mining, for example, will be alluvial deposits of hard- and medium-washed irons, in which the proportion of gold with a grain size of less than 0.25 mm exceeds 50%, as well as old dumps and deposits of small-disseminated primary ores in which gold very shallow.

 Centrifugal separators are known, for example the Knelson separator, which has become widespread in the gold mining industry. The separator consists of a conical-type enrichment chamber rotating on a vertical axis. Heavy particles are trapped in the inter-groove space of the chamber, compaction of the settling particles is prevented by a continuous counter-flow of water through the perforated walls of the chamber (Prospect of KNELSON GOLD CONCENTRATOR INC, april 14, 1994, "20" KNELSON CONCENTRATOR ").

 The disadvantage of this machine is the interruption in operation due to the frequency of unloading of the concentrate. And yet, in a Knelson separator, as in other centrifugal separators, particles that have the same inertia forces, i.e. heavy small with light large. This product should then be enriched in the field of gravitational forces, where there is a separation into light and heavy fractions.

 Known centrifugal jigging machine Kelsey includes a rotating jigging chamber with perforated walls, a rotating housing of the jigging compartment, a drive system (electric motor - chain pair - shaft) of their rotation; a diaphragm, its oscillation system (cam shaft - chain pair - electric motor), a device for concentrate unloading, light fraction and power loading. Two processes operate simultaneously in a Kelsey jigger: centrifugation and jigging (Australian Patent 04269, 1986).

 The disadvantage of this jigging machine: the complexity of its design, low productivity.

 Closest to the proposed invention in terms of the physical essence of the separation process and the design is a jigging machine, including a fixed casing, a conical-shaped enrichment chamber, cantileverly mounted on a rotating vertical shaft, a non-contact seal between the upper flange of the casing and the chamber, a movable cone, a diaphragm, a one-arm balanced drive , the latter form a system for receiving in the enrichment chamber with perforated walls ascending - descending impulses of water (Pate t US 4056464, B 03 B 5/16, 1976).

Disadvantages of the car:
- single-chamber design not only reduces productivity, but also eliminates its technological flexibility: if necessary, rinsing of light fractions is impossible, which reduces the extraction and quality of separation products;
- a single-arm balancing drive is used, thereby increasing power loads are created in the elements of the machine; Compared with the two shoulders, the energy consumption for oscillations is higher;
- from the basics of centrifuge design, it is known that cantilever mounting of the processing chamber is unacceptable if large-sized machines of medium and high power are designed (Sokolov V.I. et al. "Automatic and continuously operating centrifuges", M., 1954, pp. 103-104) .

 The task is to increase the efficiency of enrichment, productivity and reliability of the machine, reduce energy intensity.

 This is achieved by the fact that the jigging machine is centrifugal, including the supporting frame, jigging compartment containing a fixed body with a flange in the upper part, a jig-shaped jigging chamber with perforated walls, a flange and a drain threshold, cantileverly mounted on a rotating shaft, a diaphragm, a movable body, balanced the drive, the supply pipe with a switch and the unloading devices for over-sieve and under-sieve products, are additionally equipped with an equally symmetrical jigging Jelenia identical design, diaphragm, movable body. The balancer drive is made of two shoulders. Between the fixed housings and the movable jigging chambers on the flanges of the latter, non-contact labyrinth seals are made. Seals are made in the form of several multi-spiral spiral corrugations. The cross section of the grooves has the shape of a rectangular triangle with a vertical face facing the axis of rotation. The machine has devices for unloading the oversize product in the form of cochlear slurry receivers located above the depositing compartments. Vertical shafts are equipped with lower floating bearings made in the form of rubber multifaceted bushings. The faces of the holes of the bushings are curved and described by a hypocycloid.

 The centrifugal jigging machine differs from the prototype in the presence of a second equally sized and symmetrically located jigging compartment of identical design, a second diaphragm, a 2nd movable cone, a two-shouldered balancer drive, and a non-contact labyrinth seal made in the form of several between the stationary body and the movable jigging chamber on the flange of the latter. multi-spiral spiral corrugations having a cross-section in the form of a rectangular triangle with a vertical face facing the axis of rotation. For unloading of the oversize product above the depositing compartments, cochlear-shaped pulp receivers are located. The shafts are equipped with lower floating bearings made in the form of rubber multifaceted bushings, the faces of the holes of which are curved and described by a hypocycloid.

 The combination of known and new features of the claimed machine allows you to create a balanced system of oscillations of the cones, to exclude the flow of the working fluid from the jigging compartment, forming a counter pumping effect with a non-contact labyrinth seal, to expand the technological capabilities of the machine by creating a hydraulic pressure effect due to the pulp receiver of a light cochlear fraction.

 This made it possible to increase the productivity of the machine, the reliability and efficiency of its operation, reduce the energy consumption and expand technological capabilities.

 These distinctive features are unknown and obviously do not follow from the prior art.

 In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a centrifugal jigging machine; FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 1, in FIG. 4 - section GG of FIG. 3, in FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 1.

 The inventive centrifugal jigging machine includes a support frame 1, on which two equally symmetrically located jigging compartments 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 are placed, each of which includes a fixed housing 2 with a flange in the upper part, a jigging chamber 3 with a conical shape with perforated walls, a flange and threshold 4, a vertical drive shaft 5 with an upper bearing support 6 and a lower floating support 7. The lower support 7 is made in the form of a rubber multifaceted sleeve, the faces of the openings of which are curved and described by a hypocycloid. To transmit rotational motion to the chambers 3, the shafts 5 are connected via couplings 8 to electric motors 9. In the side wall of the casings 2 there are nozzles 10 for supplying the under-water. Between the stationary bodies 2 and the movable sedimentary chambers 3 on the flanges of the latter, non-contact labyrinth seals 11 are made in the form of several multi-spiral spiral corrugations 12 having a cross-section in the form of a right-angled triangle, the vertical edges of the corrugations facing the axes of rotation. In the upper part of the jigging compartments are located a supply pipe 13 equipped with a power switch (not shown in FIG.). On the upper flanges of the casings 2 above the depositing compartments (2, 3, 4, 5) there are snail-shaped slurry receivers 14 for unloading the oversize product. The fixed bodies 2 of the sedimentary compartments (2 - 3 - 4 - 5) are connected through the diaphragms 15 to the movable cones 16, which are pivotally connected by a balancing frame 17, driven by a two-arm balancing drive 18. Unloading nozzles 19 are made in the lower part of the movable cones 16.

 The inventive jigging machine operates as follows.

 The machine starts from idle start, for which they include electric motors 9, the rotation of which through the couplings 8 and shafts 5 is transmitted to the jigging chambers 3, by means of the two-shoulder balancing drive 17, 18, the vertical reciprocating vibrations through the diaphragms 15 are transmitted to the movable cones 16. To fill the machine with water, pressurized water is opened through the nozzles 10. To form a bed, hematite grains (or its substitutes) with a grain size slightly larger than the holes in nkah jigging chambers 3 to completely fill the cell chambers.

 The working process begins with the supply of enriched material through the pipe 13 to the depositing chambers 3. Ore particles under the action of centrifugal forces are discarded to the periphery and move upward to the drain threshold 4. The ore particles and bed particles are simultaneously affected by gravity separation by depositing. Heavy ore particles penetrate through the pulsating bed and the holes in the walls of the chamber 3 and fall into the bodies of the depositing compartments 2, then into the moving cones 16 and are continuously unloaded through the nozzles 19. The light fraction moves upward and unloads through the drain threshold 4 into the cochlear receivers 14. Non-contact labyrinth seals 11 are made between the stationary housings 2 and the jets 3 on the flanges of the latter in the form of several multi-helical spiral grooves 12, due to which a counter pumping effect is created, which reduces the flow of working fluid from the jigs (2 - 3 - 4 - 5) .

 So both jigging chambers 3 work in parallel.

 In a sequential scheme, power is supplied only to the first chamber 3, the light fraction from which the cochlear-shaped pulp receiver 14 is supplied by means of a hydraulic head to the second chamber 3 for cleaning.

 The design of the machine provides both parallel and sequential operation of jigging chambers 3, which allows you to quickly change the technology depending on the quality of the source power and requirements for concentrate and extends the technological capabilities of the machine.

The design of the claimed sedimentary machine in comparison with the prototype allows you to:
- increase productivity if jigging chambers work in parallel, or improve the quality of the concentrate and the extraction of useful heavy particles during sequential work, when the tails of the first chamber are cleaned in the second;
- reduce energy consumption and increase the reliability of the machine by forming a balanced oscillation system, by using a two-shouldered balancing drive, which creates less power load in the structure and consumes less energy;
- reduce energy consumption by reducing the leakage of the working fluid through the non-contact seal between the stationary casing of the depositor compartment and the rotating depositing chamber by installing multi-helical riffles on the working side of the flange, thereby creating a counter pumping effect, which reduces the flow of the working fluid, and therefore reduces the overall power consumption;
- improve the reliability of the machine due to the fact that the rotating shafts on which the jigging chambers are mounted have lower floating bearing bearings; from the basics of centrifuge design, it is known that the cantilever scheme for installing dewatering chambers is applicable according to the conditions of mechanical reliability in low-power machines, and in the large-sized centrifuges of high power, lower bearing supports are also recommended.

 At the factory "Trud" made a pilot industrial model of the inventive jigging machine. AOZT STC GOM together with the TsNIIIOlovo Institute conducted industrial tests at the beneficiation plant of the Novosibirsk Tin Plant. The jigging machine was installed in parallel with the existing production line of two hydrocyclones and seven SKO-7.5 tables. Comparative tests on the processing of old slurry tailings of complex mineralogical composition showed that, with the same productivity, the tin recovery rates of the jigging machine are 1.5% higher, that the machine is reliable in operation, easy to maintain.

Claims (2)

 1. The jigging machine is a centrifugal machine including a support frame, a jigging compartment containing a stationary body with a flange in the upper part, a jig-shaped jigging chamber with perforated walls, a flange and a drain threshold, cantileverly mounted on a rotating shaft, non-contact sealing between the flanges of the housing and the chamber, a diaphragm, a movable cone, a balancing drive, a supply pipe and unloading devices for over-sieve and under-sieve products, characterized in that the centrifugal jigging machine is equipped with on the second equal-sized and symmetrically located jigging compartment of identical design, aperture, cone, cochlear pulp receivers located above the jigging compartments, the shafts having lower floating bearings, a two-arm balancing drive, and non-contact seals are made in the form of several multi-helical riffles having a cross-sectional shape a rectangular triangle with a vertical face facing the axis of rotation.  2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower floating bearings are made in the form of rubber multifaceted bushings, the faces of the holes of which are curved and described by a hypocycloid.

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