RU2733868C1 - Device for perforation of protective walls - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for perforation of protective walls, for example, to fragmentation ammunition with equipment of striking elements (hereinafter SE) of rational shape. More specifically, to combat charges, housing of which has fragmentation shell with external attenuating notch for formation of semi-finished SE, or fragmentation shell containing ready SE of proposed rational form. Device for perforation of protective walls consists of an explosive (hereinafter referred to as explosive substance ES), an initiator and a fragmentation shell made in the form of a set of ready SE laid around the explosives, or semi-finished SE. Prefabricated or semi-finished SE are made differently thick enough to enable turning of SE in process of device operation from smaller thickness to larger and formation of fragmentation field of required direction in compliance with direction of turn, for which the difference in thickness of the SE is formed by linear law when performing the section or part of the section facing the ES, quasi-flat, wherein length of SE in direction of variation of thickness is not less than maximum thickness of SE, and fragmentation shell is made completely or partially from different-thickness SE.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of protective walls perforation and expansion of SE impact area.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for perforating protective walls, for example, fragmentation ammunition equipped with striking elements (hereinafter PE) of a rational form. More specifically, to warheads, the body of which has a fragmentation shell with an external weakening notch for the formation of semi-finished PE, or a fragmentation shell containing ready-made PE of the proposed rational form.

The problem in the art, and to which the invention is directed, is to achieve an improved perforation of protective walls and an expansion of the area of action of PE.

From the existing prior art, many similar devices are known, aimed at solving this problem, consisting of an explosive (hereinafter explosive), an initiator and a fragmentation shell of semi-finished or ready-made PE located in the housing. Some of these devices are discussed below.

From the materials of the description to the patent RU 2267739 "Fragment shell of ammunition with a given fragmentation and the method of its manufacture" [FSUE "State Research and Production Enterprise" Basalt ", V.V. Korenkov, V.G. Smelikov. and others, public 10.01.2006, bul. No. 1], fragmentation shells are known that have smooth or corrugated outer or inner surfaces, as well as shells in the form of unconnected rods, where each rod is divided into fragments along transversely located and rotated relative to each other surfaces of the discontinuity of the rod material to provide a given fragmentation. In this case, the rods of the outer row have a triangular, hexagonal or rhombic profile.

US Pat. No. 4,216,720, "Rod-fragmentcontrolIed-motionwarhead", [USNAVY, K. Marvin, publ. 12.08.80] proposed the use of a rod shell obtained by installing separate rods, with the formation of a dense row. When this warhead is detonated, elongated PEs are formed with a ratio of length to characteristic diameter of 28: 1.

In the patent RU 2148244 "A projectile with ready-made striking elements" [Research Institute of Special Engineering MSTU im. N.E. Bauman, Odintsov V.A., public. 04/27/2000] finished PE made of steel or heavy alloy, for example, based on tungsten or uranium, with a shape that ensures their dense packing on the surface of the explosive block of the warhead. In this case, it is envisaged that the rupture block is either barrel-shaped, or in the form of a series of spheres connected by cylindrical bridges.

According to the patent RU 2196294 "Corps of fragmentation ammunition" [Seregin N.A., publ. 10.01.2003, bul. No. 1] the fragmentation shell is made in the form of a grid of semi-finished PE in the form of rhombic truncated pyramids on the inner surface, formed by two rows of equally distributed spiral grooves of the opposite direction.

In the patent RU 2409803 "Corps of fragmentation ammunition" [State Unitary Enterprise "Instrument Design Bureau", authors: Bryzzhev AV, Zelenko VK, public. 20.01.2011, bul. No. 2] the cylindrical fragmentation shell is made of semi-finished PE in the form of truncated rhombic pyramids, conjugated by their diamond-shaped bases. A leading belt is made on the shell, a vacuum chamber is formed in the tapering conical shank by means of a bottom bulkhead, in which an additional layer of semi-finished PE is made on the side of the shell using depressions in the form of polyhedral pyramids, the side edges of which are inclined relative to the plane of the bulkhead at an angle.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a device for perforating protective walls, described in the patent RU 2476813 "Fragment charge of increased efficiency" [Staroverov NE, publ. 27.02.2013, bull. No. 6]. The device consists of an explosive, an initiator and a fragmentation shell made in the form of a set of ready-made PEs, laid around the explosive, or semi-finished PEs. Three versions of the fragmentation shell are presented, made of two or more layers with notches or from two or more layers of finished PE, where the notches or elements are shifted from each other by half a step, and their shape is made in the form of different figures.

The noted technical solutions, in spite of the various designs, have the following general disadvantages. First, the thickness of the formed PE, which corresponds to the thickness of the fragmentation shell, limits the possible breakdown effect during acceleration due to the relatively low concentration of the specific mass in the direction of the expansion velocity vector. Secondly, PEs move along the normal to the explosive surface towards the surface of the protective wall and provide damage in the near area of the PE. At the same time, they do not provide damage in the area lying outside the set of normal vectors to the explosive surface. The available solutions, providing for an increase in the area of expansion of the PE by performing a warhead either in a barrel-shaped form, or in the form of a number of spheres, leads to a less effective filling of the internal volume of the shell of the explosive and PE warhead.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the perforation of the protective walls and expand the area of impact of PE.

ПЭ в направлении разнотолщинности и угол наклона α разнотолщинного участка поверхности ПЭ, обращенной к ВВ, могут быть выбраны из следующих соотношений:

, tg_α=0,008+0,58, где ρ - плотность материала ПЭ, а m - масса ПЭ.The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a device for perforating protective walls, consisting of an explosive, an initiator and a fragmentation shell, made in the form of a set of ready-made PE, laid around the explosive, or semi-finished PE, it is new that the finished or semi-finished PE are made of different thickness, which makes it possible to turn the PE in the process of triggering the device in the direction from a smaller thickness to a larger one and to form a fragmentation field of the required direction in accordance with the direction of rotation, for which the thickness difference of the PE is formed according to a linear law when the section or part of the section facing the explosive is quasi-flat, when the length of the PE in the direction of the thickness difference is not less than the maximum thickness of the PE, and the fragmentation shell is made entirely or partially of PE of different thickness. In addition, the length

PE in the direction of the thickness difference and the angle of inclination α of the different-thickness section of the PE surface facing the explosive can be selected from the following ratios:

, tg _α = 0.008 + 0.58, where ρ is the density of the PE material, and m is the mass of the PE.

The influence of the distinctive features of the patent claims of the device on the technical result.

Execution of ready-made or semi-finished PEs with different thickness allows increasing the specific mass of PE along the expansion velocity vector to increase the penetrating effect of PE on protective walls.

The possibility of turning the PE in the process of device actuation in the direction from a smaller thickness to a larger one and the formation of a fragmentation field of the required direction allows to expand the area of influence on the protective wall.

The formation of the PE thickness difference according to a linear law when the section or part of the section facing the explosive is quasi-flat, allows you to preserve the integrity of the PE to ensure the above technical result.

The implementation of the fragmentation shell completely or partially from polyethylene of different thickness allows, depending on the task at hand, to choose the optimal option for filling the fragmentation shell to implement the maximum penetrating effect of the PE on the protective walls in the required area of influence.

ПЭ в направлении разнотолщинности и угла наклона α разнотолщинного участка поверхности ПЭ, обращенной к ВВ, из условий:

, tg_α=0,008+0,58, где ρ - плотность материала ПЭ, а m - масса ПЭ, позволяет найти оптимальный вариант формы ПЭ для достижения максимального пробивного действия ПЭ на защитную стенку и расширения области воздействия ПЭ.Length selection

PE in the direction of the thickness difference and the angle of inclination α of the different-thickness section of the PE surface facing the explosive, from the conditions:

, tg _α = 0.008 + 0.58, where ρ is the density of the PE material, and m is the mass of the PE, allows you to find the optimal version of the PE shape to achieve the maximum penetrating effect of PE on the protective wall and expand the area of PE impact.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings, which schematically show:

FIG. 1 - General view of the finished PE;

FIG. 2 - General view of the shell with semi-finished PE;

FIG. 3 - diagram of the PE turn;

FIG. 4 - a prototype of a fragmentation shell with two rows of the declared finished PE;

FIG. 5 - radiograph of PE;

FIG. 6 - protective wall with holes.

The positions in the figures are:

1 - BB;

2 - fragmented shell made of finished PE;

3 - PE;

4 - PE center of gravity;

5 - fragmentation shell made of semi-finished PE;

6 - conical inner surface of the fragmentation shell;

7 - through holes in a steel protective wall 20 mm thick;

b - PE width;

- длина ПЭ в направлении его разнотолщинности;

- PE length in the direction of its thickness variation;

h - PE thickness;

α is the angle of inclination of the multi-thickness section of the PE surface facing the explosive;

ω - PE rotation speed;

- вектор равнодействующей силы, разгоняющей ПЭ;

- the vector of the resultant force accelerating the PE;

- составляющая проекции вектора равнодействующей силы

в боковом направлении в сторону центра тяжести ПЭ;

- component of the projection of the vector of the resultant force

in the lateral direction towards the center of gravity of the PE;

- составляющая проекции вектора равнодействующей силы

вдоль нормали к поверхности ВВ.

- component of the projection of the vector of the resultant force

along the normal to the explosive surface.

в составе осколочной оболочки.Consider a variant of the implementation of the proposed device for perforating protective walls, shown in Figures 1-4, consisting of explosive 1, initiator and cylindrical fragmentation shell 2, made of finished PE 3, laid around the explosive, or shell 5 of semi-finished PE 3. Semi-finished PE 3 can be made, for example, in the form of concentric rings, shown in figure 2, which are fragmented, located coaxially around the explosive and constituting the fragmentation shell 5. The different-thickness section of semi-finished PEs in the ring is formed by the conical inner surface of the fragmentation shell 6, and the width of the PE size is determined based on from the selected mass of PE, the distance between the outer weakening notch made coaxial to the ring. Ready-made or semi-finished PEs are made of different thickness with the possibility of turning the PE during the operation of the device from a smaller thickness to a larger one and forming a fragmentation field of the required direction in accordance with the direction of the turn. The thickness difference of the PE is formed according to a linear law when the section or part of the section facing the explosive is quasi-flat. The fragmented shell is made entirely or partially of PE of different thickness, as shown in figure 4. The maximum number of PE is determined by their geometrically possible placement along the width b and along the length

as part of a fragmentation shell.

ПЭ в направлении разнотолщинности и угол наклона α разнотолщинного участка поверхности ПЭ, обращенной к ВВ, выбирают из следующих соотношений:Length

PE in the direction of the thickness difference and the angle of inclination α of the different-thickness section of the PE surface facing the explosive are selected from the following ratios:

, tg_α=0,008÷0,58.

, tg _α = 0.008 ÷ 0.58.

расположен эксцентрично в плоскости симметрии ПЭ и создает вращающий момент относительно точки вращения (центра тяжести 4) ПЭ. При этом возникает угловая скорость ω, происходит поворот ПЭ таким образом, что грань меньшей толщины разнотолщинного участка становится лидирующей, а площадь проекции ПЭ на плоскость, перпендикулярную вектору приобретаемой скорости ПЭ, уменьшается до минимального значения, соответствующего площади грани большей толщины ПЭ. Соответственно масса ПЭ концентрируется на уменьшающуюся площадь поперечного сечения вдоль вектора скорости, и пробивное действие ПЭ повышается. Под действием составляющей проекции вектора равнодействующей силы

в боковом направлении

в сторону центра тяжести ПЭ инициируется составляющая вектора скорости и перемещение ПЭ в этом боковом направлении. При этом область отклонений направления вектора скорости ПЭ от нормали к поверхности ВВ управляемо расширяется.When undermining from the explosive initiator, the pressure on the different-thickness section of the PE surface facing the explosive determines the maximum possible value of the resultant force P accelerating the PE, as shown in Figure 3. Vector of the resultant force

is located eccentrically in the plane of symmetry of the PE and creates a torque relative to the point of rotation (center of gravity 4) of the PE. In this case, an angular velocity ω arises, the PE rotates in such a way that the face of a smaller thickness of the different-thickness section becomes the leading one, and the area of the PE projection onto a plane perpendicular to the vector of the acquired PE velocity decreases to a minimum value corresponding to the face area of a larger PE thickness. Accordingly, the mass of the PE is concentrated on a decreasing cross-sectional area along the velocity vector, and the penetrating effect of the PE increases. Under the action of the component of the projection of the vector of the resultant force

laterally

towards the center of gravity of the PE, the component of the velocity vector is initiated and the displacement of the PE in this lateral direction. In this case, the region of deviations of the direction of the PE velocity vector from the normal to the surface of the explosive expands in a controlled manner.

=12 мм, толщиной h=3 мм, шириной b=3 мм и с тангенсом угла наклона α разнотолщиного участка поверхности ПЭ, обращенной к ВВ, tga=0,0083. На фото (фигура 4) в центральной части макетного образца показаны уложенные в один слой два ряда таких ПЭ. Копия ретгенограммы (фиг. 5) после подрыва ВВ свидетельствует о развороте ПЭ с ориентацией продольного размера

преимущественно вдоль вектора скорости разлета на расстоянии

от начального положения ПЭ, а также об отклонении векторов скоростей разлета ПЭ от первоначального направления (вдоль нормали к поверхности ВВ) на угол, тангенс которого ≈0,039, а фото (фиг. 6) иллюстрирует сквозную перфорацию стальной защитной стенки толщиной 20 мм на расстоянии

.For example, in the experiment carried out, the conditions for acceleration of finished tungsten PE to a speed of 1.45 km / s and perforation of a steel wall 7 with a thickness of 20 mm were realized. Finished PEs are made of different thickness, as shown in figure 1, with a mass of m ≈ 1.7 g, a length

= 12 mm, thickness h = 3 mm, width b = 3 mm and with the tangent of the angle of inclination α of the different thickness portion of the PE surface facing the explosive, tga = 0.0083. The photo (figure 4) in the central part of the prototype shows two rows of such PE laid in one layer. A copy of the retrogenogram (Fig. 5) after the explosive detonation indicates a turn of the PE with the orientation of the longitudinal dimension

predominantly along the expansion velocity vector at a distance

from the initial position of the PE, as well as the deviation of the vectors of the velocities of the expansion of the PE from the initial direction (along the normal to the surface of the explosive) by an angle whose tangent is ≈0.039, and the photo (Fig. 6) illustrates the through perforation of a steel protective wall 20 mm thick at a distance

...

=3 мм, толщиной h=3 мм, шириной b=3,8 мм и тангенсом угла наклона разнотолщинного участка поверхности ПЭ, обращенной к ВВ, tg_α=0,31. При развороте такого ПЭ в процессе разгона перфорация стальной защитной стенки:Calculated estimates using the calculated model of penetration of a rod PE with an angle of attack into a metal protective wall described in the article of the journal FGV, No. 3, v. 31, 1995, on pp. 104-109, in relation to the conditions of the experiment, showed that perforation such a protective wall occurs at angles of attack (between the direction of the thickness difference and the PE velocity vector) from 0 ° to 40 °. In the transverse position of the PE (angle of attack 90 °), the calculated perforation of the protective wall occurs to a depth of ≈ 6 mm. During the design study of a war charge with a fragmentation shell made of semi-finished PEs, it was estimated that in the process of acceleration to a speed of 1.45 km / s, semi-finished PE made of tungsten with a mass of m ≈ 0.55 g and a length of

= 3 mm, thickness h = 3 mm, width b = 3.8 mm and the tangent of the angle of inclination of the different-thickness section of the PE surface facing the explosive, tg _α = 0.31. When turning such a PE during acceleration, the perforation of the steel protective wall:

[, вдоль вектора скорости разлета ПЭ;- maximum and is ≈7 mm in the case of orientation of the PE diagonal, determined by its length

[, along the velocity vector of the expansion of the PE;

- is minimal with a value of ≈ 5 mm in the situation of orientation of the thickness h = 3 mm along the velocity vector of the PE expansion.

In this case, the lateral deviation of the calculated PE velocity vector from the initial direction (along the normal to the explosive surface) is estimated by the value of the angle, the tangent of which is ≈ 1.8.

The proposed device for perforating protective walls allows to improve the perforation of protective walls and expand the area of impact of PE, which is confirmed by calculated estimates and the results of field tests.

Claims (2)

1. A device for perforating protective walls, consisting of an explosive, an initiator and a fragmentation shell, made in the form of a set of ready-made striking elements laid around the explosive, or semi-finished striking elements, characterized in that the finished or semi-finished striking elements are made of different thickness to ensure the possibility the turn of the striking elements during the operation of the device from a smaller thickness to a larger one and the formation of a fragmentation field of the required direction in accordance with the direction of the turn, for which the difference in thickness of the striking elements is formed according to a linear law when the section or part of the section facing the explosive is quasi-flat, while the length striking elements in the direction of the difference in thickness is not less than the maximum thickness of the striking elements, and the fragmentation shell is made entirely or partially of striking elements of different thickness. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length

of striking elements in the direction of the thickness difference and the angle of inclination α of the multi-thickness section of the surface of the striking elements facing the explosive are selected from the following ratios:

, tgα = 0.008 ÷ 0.58, where ρ is the density of the material of the damaging elements, am is the mass of the damaging elements.

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