RU2731671C1 - Device for crushed straw sampling behind a combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to means of controlling size composition of ground straw during harvester harvesting of cereal grains. Device for sampling crushed straw behind a combine harvester consists of a container in the form of a frame with a mesh fixed on it. Frame is made flat with folding flaps 2 with possibility of automatic detachment and opening and is installed in retainer 7 fixed under grinder of combine harvester.

EFFECT: safety of operator, simplified design of device and reduced costs of manual labor.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a means of control of the size composition of crushed straw during combine harvesting of grain crops.

Known device for sampling chopped straw for combine harvesters according to the patent for invention No. 2556073, IPC A01D 75/00, G01N 1/20, 2015, containing intake containers with parallel side walls, attached to a transverse bar attached to the combine under the bottom of the chopper and detachable at steady state operating conditions (analogue).

The disadvantages of the known device are its large size, which makes it difficult to transport the device to the test sites of the harvester grinders, as well as the need for several stops of the combine when using the device, which causes a disruption in the technological process and, as a consequence, a decrease in the threshing and labor remuneration of the machine operator.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a device for sampling chopped straw for combine harvesters (utility model patent No. 155690, IPC A01D 75/00, 2015), consisting of a container in the form of a frame with a fixed mesh. The frame with the mesh forms a closed space in the form of a seine. The frame is equipped with racks and jumpers to hold the device in hands (prototype).

Disadvantages of the known device:

- increased injury risk for the operator (agrognome), since there is a need to be in close proximity to the working harvester, while, according to safety requirements, it is forbidden to be closer than 10 meters from the working harvester,

- the complexity and bulkiness of the structure makes it difficult to transport and prepare for work,

- the device is made of metal and has a significant mass, and this entails a constant load on the hands of the operator (agronomist), which is not comfortable when working manually.

The technical objective of the invention is to ensure the safety of the operator (agronomist), as well as to simplify the design of the device and reduce the cost of manual labor when taking samples of chopped straw behind the combine harvesters to further determine its size composition.

The technical problem is achieved by the fact that the device for sampling chopped straw behind a combine harvester, containing a container in the form of a frame with a mesh fixed on it, according to the invention, is equipped with a frame made flat with folding flaps with the possibility of automatic detachment and opening and installed in a retainer fixed under the chopper of a combine harvester.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a device for sampling in an open form, figure 2 also, folded, figure 3 is a side view of a combine with a fixed device, and figure 4 a, b, c - shows the principle of operation when sampling samples.

The device for sampling chopped straw behind the combine harvesters contains a frame consisting of a flat tray 1 and flaps 2. Flaps 2 are pivotally connected to the flat tray 1 by means of hinges 3 and springs 4. A mesh 5 is fixed on the flat tray 1 and flaps 2. before starting work, they should be folded and fit tightly to tray 1 and to each other to prevent the ingress of foreign particles before starting the device without affecting the purity of the experiment. Flaps 2 are provided with lugs 6. Lugs 6 are compatible with the lock 7 installed under the bottom of the combine. The latch 7 is connected to the operator's (combine) cab through the control line 8.

The device operates as follows.

Before the passage of the combine, the device is fixed in the latch 7 through the lugs 6, after folding the flaps 2 (Fig. 4, a).

When the combine reaches a steady state of operation, the machine operator (combine) through the control line 8 activates the latch 7, releasing the lugs 6. The device is separated from the combine and falls onto the field surface (stubble). At the moment of separation of the device, the flaps 2 are opened by means of springs 4 (Fig. 4, b), forming a sampling zone. The mass coming out of the straw chopper covers the device that remains motionless on the surface of the field (stubble), settling in it, and the combine continues to work without stopping (Fig. 4, c). The sample from the device is poured into an individual labeled container for further processing and analysis. Then the device is cleaned for the next experiment.

After stopping the combine, the device is again fixed in the latch 7 through the lugs 6 and folding the flaps 2 and the process is repeated.

When taking samples from the field, agronomists, as a rule, focus on an area of 1 m ² . This is necessary for ease of calculation. Therefore, it is recommended to manufacture the device so that its open area is a multiple of 1 m ² .

The depth of the device for sampling chopped straw behind the combine harvesters in the open state must be at least 50 mm. This size is necessary for efficient collection of material and is justified in the patent for a useful model No. 154265, IPC А01D75 / 00, 2015.

The use of the proposed device for sampling chopped straw behind a combine harvester will protect the operator (agronomist) from injuries, simplify the design of the device and reduce the cost of manual labor.

Claims (1)

A device for sampling chopped straw behind a combine harvester, containing a container in the form of a frame with a mesh fixed on it, characterized in that the frame is made flat with folding flaps with the possibility of automatic disconnection and opening and is installed in a latch fixed under the grain harvester grinder.

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