RU2727300C2 - Mounting method of a nacelle in an upper part of a tower - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of mounting a nacelle of a wind power plant. Proposed method consists in mounting carcass 10 on top of turret 1 mounted on foundation. Cables 21 from nacelle M are attached to carcass pulleys and their ends are connected to lifting hook 24 of crane C2. Hook 24 is lifted with the help of crane C2, cables 21 are tightened through all pulleys and nacelle M is lifted. In process of lifting, motion of cables 21 is fixed on the foundation in front of pulley. In the fixed state, hook 24 is changed in the direction opposite to the tension of cables 21. Then, movement of cables 21 is fixed. By means of crane C2 hook 24 is lifted. Nacelle M is raised higher. Reproducing the process of changing connection and subsequent production process with further lifting nacelle M. Gondola M is brought into frame 10. Further, nacelle M is suspended in carcass 10 and, at the same time, disconnected from ropes 21. Suspended in carcass 10 nacelle M is moved to upper part of tower 1 and mounting is performed.EFFECT: invention is aimed at improvement of productivity.3 cl, 24 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for mounting a wind power plant nacelle (heavy structural elements for generating wind power, including an electric generator, etc.) in the upper part of a tower placed on a foundation.

State of the art

[0002] As a method of mounting a nacelle at the top of a tower, the applicant of this patent proposed in Patent 1 a method for mounting a nacelle at the top of a tower, consisting of the following manufacturing processes I to IV.

"Production process No. I"

- After securing the frame with the cables at the top of the tower, throw the cables attached to the gondola over the pulleys of the specified frame.

"Production process No. II"

- Pass the cables thrown onto the indicated pulleys through the pulleys on the foundation, and wind the ends of these cables onto the winch, raise the nacelle to the specified frame, and simultaneously with transferring to the frame, detach the indicated cables from the nacelle.

"Production process No. III"

- Having brought the specified frame into rotation, bring the gondola to the upper part of the tower and carry out the process of assembling the gondola to the upper part of the tower.

"Production process No. IV"

- After mounting the gondola to the top of the tower, detach the indicated frame from the top of the tower.

Previous research

Patents

[0003] Patent 1: Patent published under number 4796391

Disclosure of invention

The problem that the invention solves

[0004] The technology proposed in the aforementioned patent has the problems indicated by numbers 1-3.

"Problem number 1"

Pivoting the above frame requires a complex structure that is strong enough to withstand such rotation, and as weight is added, increasingly strong connecting elements are required in each structural member of the frame, which leads to higher costs.

"Problem number 2"

To rotate the specified frame, it is necessary to apply an impact; for this impact, control of the cables is required.

"Problem number 3"

Since the gondola is fixed in the upper part of the tower by turning the frame, it is difficult to make precise adjustments in the horizontal direction at this point, and it is also difficult to position the gondola relative to the upper part of the tower.

[0005] The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to solve the problems indicated above under the numbers 1-3, in the above state.

A way to solve problems

[0006] To solve the above problems, in the present invention, as a method of mounting the nacelle to the structure of the upper part of the tower, the following production processes are shown under the numbers 1-11.

"Production process number 1"

- On the upper part of the tower, which is finally installed on the foundation, a frame is mounted in the form of a quadrangular frame, projecting horizontally, with the projecting edge open downward.

"Production process No. 2"

- A cable fixed to the ground is fixed to the front and rear edge of the horizontal line of the specified frame, which fixes the frame to the top of the tower.

"Production process number 3"

- Pull the cables from the indicated nacelle onto the pulleys on the front and rear horizontal lines of the specified frame.

"Production process No. 4"

- Pass the ends of these ropes from the indicated pulleys through the pulleys on the foundation and attach them to the lifting hook of the crane.

"Production process No. 5"

- Using the indicated crane, lift the indicated hook, pull the indicated cables through all indicated pulleys, and lift the indicated nacelle.

"Production process number 6"

- When lifting the indicated gondola, fix the movement (stroke) of the cables during lifting, and in this fixed state change the connection of the hook of the indicated crane in the direction opposite to the direction of tension of the cables.

"Production process No. 7"

- After the specified change in the connection, remove the fixation of the movement of the indicated cables, then use the crane to lift the indicated hook, pull the indicated cables through all the pulleys and raise the nacelle even higher.

"Production process number 8"

- Repeating the production process no. 6 with the indicated change of connection and the following production process no. 7 with further lifting of the nacelle, bring the nacelle through the indicated open horizontal edge into the indicated frame.

"Production process number 9"

- Hang the gondola brought into the specified frame into the specified frame, and at the same time disconnect it from the indicated cables.

"Production process number 10"

- Move the gondola suspended in the indicated frame to the indicated upper part of the tower and mount it to this upper part of the tower.

"Production process number 11"

- Disconnect the cables securing the indicated frame and remove the frame from the top of the tower.

[0007] If, in this design, the specified frame is made in the form of a transversely inclined parallelogram, the upper protruding horizontal side of which is open downward, then it is possible to achieve the device of a rationally light frame (frame).

Also, if the specified frame is equipped with a rail leading from the suspension point of the nacelle to the upper part of the tower and equipped with a suspension mechanism movable in the longitudinal direction, then with the help of this suspension mechanism it is possible to carry out production process No. 9 for suspension of the nacelle and production process No. 10 for displacement gondolas to the top of the tower, there will be no need to perform the previous action of turning the frame, adjusting the gondola horizontally and vertically will also become easier, and thus increase productivity.

The technical result of the invention

[0008] The present invention uses the above-mentioned manufacturing processes 1-11 as a method for mounting the nacelle to the structure of the upper part of the tower, therefore, it is a mounting method that has not been used before, does not require the use of a winch, the installation can be carried out with mid-size cranes.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0009] FIG. 1 - Installation diagram of equipment for a wind power plant associated with the present invention.

FIG. 2 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 3 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 4 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 5 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 6 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 7 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 8 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 9 - Scheme of installation of the frame to the top of the tower on the indicated wind power plant.

FIG. 10 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 11 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 12 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 13 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 14 - Scheme of mounting the nacelle to the top of the tower on the specified wind power plant.

FIG. 15 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 16 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 17 - Installation diagram of the specified equipment.

FIG. 18 - An enlarged fragment of a part of FIG. 12.

FIG. 19 is an enlarged detail of a portion of FIG. 13.

FIG. 20 - An enlarged fragment of a part of FIG. fourteen.

FIG. 21 - Scheme of action.

FIG. 22 - Scheme of fasteners.

FIG. 23 - Enlarged frontal diagram of the gondola mounting to the top of the tower.

FIG. 24 - Side view of FIG. 23.

Implementation of the invention

[0010] The following is an explanation based on a wind power plant equipment installation diagram related to the present invention: FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 shows a summary of the process of constructing a wind power plant; fig. 9 to FIG. 13 shows the process of assembling the frame 10 to the top of the tower 1 as part of this building process; fig. 14 to FIG. 17 demonstrate the process of mounting the nacelle M to tower 1 using this frame 10.

[0011] If the construction process of the wind power plant is explained based on FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 describing a summary of the process, the first step is to create a foundation G for the wind power plant, as shown in FIG. 1. On this base G, the base 2 of tower 1 brought by the truck T is installed, which is raised, as indicated in the diagram, from the position indicated by the dotted lines to the position indicated by the solid lines, using, for example, an all-terrain crane C1 with a lifting capacity of 25 t ( = 25 tons).

Then, as shown in FIG. 2 - fig. 3, fragment 3, fragment 4, fragment 5, fragment 6, which are parts of tower 1, brought by the T truck, are lifted using the previously mentioned C1 all-terrain crane or with the help of a more powerful crane, for example, the C2 all-terrain crane with a lifting capacity of 60 t, and each on the other on the base 2 of tower 1, and are fastened. The base 2 of the tower and the fragments of the 3-6 tower weigh from 5 to 12 tons, and, as indicated in the previous patents, the flanges at the edges of the fragments of the 3-6 tower are fastened together with bolts. In addition, the indicated all-terrain cranes C1, C2 belong to mid-range cranes, therefore, for simplicity, we will call them "C1, C2 cranes".

[0012] Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a frame 10 is mounted on the top of the tower 1, a cable fixed to the ground is fixed on the front and rear edge of the horizontal of the frame 10 and fixes the frame on the top of the tower 1. Then, as shown in this figure and FIG. 5, a gondola M is mounted on the tower 1. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 7, the cables 19 that fix the frame 10 are disconnected, and the frame 10 is removed from the top of the tower. After that, the rotor (wings) R is attached to the gondola M. Then the crane C2 stops working, and the construction of the equipment for the windmill for the wind power plant is completed.

[0013] The frame 10, mounted on the top of the tower 1, as shown in FIG. 4, consists of the base of the frame 11, fixed on the upper part of the tower 1, frame elements 12, fixed on both sides of the base of the frame 11 obliquely sideways in the form of a parallelogram, and two reinforcing elements 13 in the upward direction towards the center, fastening two opposite points at the top and at the bottom of these parallel frame members 12. The frame 10 of this design is a frame consisting of simple anchoring frames joining two rectangular triangles in the form of a rectangular box.

[0014] Attached to this frame 10 is a working platform 14 attached to the upper ends of the parallel frame members 12 described above, as well as a horizontal frame rail 15 of the frame R (rail) (shown horizontally from right to left in FIG. 23), which transfers the nacelle M from the hanging position to the top of the tower 1, and the suspension mechanism 16, which consists of a lifting chain block movably mounted on the rail 15. The suspension mechanism 16 has a manual drive, can be moved in the form of a trolley using rollers (wheels) to move along the rail 15.

Also on the frame elements 12, pulleys 17a, 17b, 17c are attached to the upper part from both sides in front and behind (in Fig. 23, the left side is in front, the right side is behind), as well as in the lower part from both sides behind. (For details, see Fig. 23).

[0015] If you explain in detail the installation process of the chassis 10 based on FIG. 9 to FIG. 13, then, as shown in FIG. 9, using the crane C2, the base 11 of the frame 10 is suspended from the upper part of the tower 1, the worker, who is in the cradle of the elevator with the cradle E, attaches the base 11 to the upper part of the tower 1, fixing with bolts and welding.

Then, using the base 11 of the frame as a base, the above structural elements 12, the reinforcing elements 13, the working platform of the frame 14, the frame rail 15 and the suspension mechanism 16 are sequentially assembled, properly disassembling and connecting the parts, lifted with the crane C2, the frame 10 is built These works are carried out by an installer on the basis of the 11 frame.

The frame 10 constructed in this way projects laterally from the upper part of the tower 1 (in Fig. 23 - to the right and to the left) and obliquely (in the same Fig. To the right), and the upper protruding part is open downward.

[0016] More than 4 cables 19 fixed to the ground are fixed to the front and rear edges on both sides of the frame 10, which fix the frame so that it does not bend. (For details, see Fig. 13). These ropes 19 can be fastened at an appropriate time to obtain the best effect. In addition, there can be 1, and 2, or more cables 19. For example, cable 19 can be secured as indicated in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19, from the lower edge of the frame 10 to the base (foundation) G, pass through the carabiner 19a, the pulley 19b, the block lever 19c, the load cell 19d. The lever of the block 19c was previously known, but in this device it can wind (pull) or unwind (loosen) the chain depending on the rotation of the lever in the direction indicated by the arrows. (For details, see Fig. 19). Load cell 19d measures the resistance when lifting the frame elements 12, 13, lifting the nacelle M, etc., and at each stage of work allows you to establish whether the load on the frame 10 is not exceeded. It is necessary to monitor the safety of work.

[0017] If you explain in detail the process of mounting the nacelle M on the top of the tower 1 shown in FIG. 5, then it consists in the following: the cable 21, going from the frame 10 to the nacelle M, is fixed on the pulley 22 of the hook connected to the lifting mechanism of the nacelle M, and fed to the frame 10 (the above production process No. 3). This supplied cable 21 is passed through all the pulleys of the frame 10 - pulleys 17a, 17b, 17c (with the general numbering: 17), and is brought down to the tower 1 (preparatory action for the above-mentioned production process No. 4). Then this cable 21, as indicated in FIG. 14 and FIG. 20, is passed through the pulleys 23a, 23b fixed on the base (foundation) G, and then connected to the lifting hook 24 of the crane C2 (end of the above-mentioned production process No. 4). This connection (fastening) is made by winding the end of the cable 21 around the lifting hook 24 (a ring is made), then the end is connected to the fastening element 26. The fastening element 26 may not have a stopping end, like the fastening element 26 in FIG. 22, it is also possible to use a conventional wire clamp, although not specifically shown in FIG. 22.

[0018] In this state, lifting the hook 24 of the crane C2, the cable 21, passing through all the pulleys 17, is pulled and lifts the nacelle (specified production process No. 5).

At this time, as indicated in FIG. 15, if the nacelle M is raised to the required height, then, as shown in FIG. 22, due to the two fastening bars 26a and 26b at this moment it is possible to clamp the cable 21 and, passing the bolts and nuts through the hole 26c, screw them, in this way fixing the cable 21 tightly. On these fasteners 26, at least from one side to the block 26a, a locking ring 27 is placed, in this locking ring 27 the cable 29 is fixed through the lever of the block 28. This prevents the cable 21 from unwinding, and the nacelle M remains in the raised position. You can hang on the locking ring 27 the hook of the lever of the block 28.

[0019] In this position, the hook 24 of the crane C2 is detached from the cable 21, and as shown in FIG. 20, fastening work is performed on the pulley 23b. In other words, when the nacelle M is lifted, during the lifting process, the movement of the cable 21 is fixed in front of the pulley 23a on the base, and in this secured state the hook 24 of the crane C2 is fixed again in the opposite direction to the tension of the cable (indicated production process No. 6).

After that, with the help of the lever of the block 28, the cable 21 is released, and again with the help of the crane C2, the hook 24 is lifted, and the nacelle M. is lifted (the above production process No. 7). Repeating production process No. 6 with the indicated change in connection and the following production process No. 7 with further lifting of the nacelle, bring the nacelle through the indicated open horizontal edge into the indicated frame. (Manufacturing process # 8 above).

The number of repetitions of production processes nos. 6 and 7 is set appropriately with regard to the lifting force of the C2 crane. In the practical application of the gondola M = 20.0 t, the lifting force (the height of the cable lift is 21: 41 m), the above steps were repeated 6 times, the length of the crane C2 was: 41 X 6 = 246 m.

[0020] When, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 23, the nacelle M will fit into the frame 10, then in accordance with FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, hang the gondola M using the suspension mechanism 16. After the suspension is completed, the cables 21 are disconnected from the gondola M (the above production process No. 9). The disconnection of the cables 21 can be done later, if they do not interfere with the work.

Then, as indicated by the dotted and solid lines in FIG. 23, it is necessary to manually move the suspension mechanism 16 horizontally along the rail 15, and thus move the gondola M to the upper part of the tower 1, gradually lowering it, and fix it on the upper part. (Manufacturing process # 10 above).

[0021] After completing the work on fixing the nacelle M on the top of the tower 1, dismantle the said frame 10 in the reverse order and disconnect the frame 10 from the top of the tower 1 (indicated production process # 11), then, as indicated in FIG. 17, the installation of the M gondola on tower 1 will be completed. During the dismantling of the frame 10, the cables 19 must be disconnected in time. Then, as indicated above, the rotor R will be fixed to the indicated nacelle M, and as indicated in FIG. 8, the construction of the windmill equipment of the wind power plant is completed.

[0022] The frame 10, constructed to implement the work in accordance with the above, projects to the side in the form of an oblique parallelogram, the upper protruding horizontal side of which is open downward, but, of course, other shapes besides the parallelepiped, for example, a rectangle, can be used, provided if it protrudes to the side and the protruding side through which the gondola will be suspended will be open downward. The scope of this invention is indicated within the scope of the patent, however, it is understood that it includes all changes, both within the scope of the patent requirements and equivalent.

Legend

[0023]

C, C1, C2 crane (all terrain crane)

E lift with cradle

G base (foundation)

M gondola

R rotor (wings)

T truck

1 tower

2 tower base

3, 4, 5, 6 fragments of the tower

10 frame

11 frame base

12 frame elements

13 reinforcing elements

14 working platform of the frame

15 frame rail

16 frame suspension mechanism

17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 23a, 23b pulley

19, 21 rope

26 fastener

Claims (14)

1. Method of mounting the gondola on the top of the tower, consisting of: production process No. 1, in which on the upper part of the tower (1), which is finally installed on the foundation, the frame (10) is mounted in the form of a quadrangular frame, projecting horizontally, with the projecting edge open downward; production process No. 2, in which a cable (19) fixed to the ground is fixed to the front and rear edges of the horizontal line of said frame (10) and fixes the frame (10) to the top of the tower (1); production process No. 3, in which on the pulleys (17a, 17b, 17c) at the front and rear edges of the horizontal line of the specified frame (10), the cables (21) are thrown from the specified nacelle (M); manufacturing process no. 4, in which the ends of these cables (21) from said pulleys are guided through the pulleys (23a, 23b) on the foundation and are connected to the lifting hook (24) of the crane (C2); production process No. 5, in which the hook (24) is lifted by the crane (C2), said cables (21) are pulled through all said pulleys (17a, 17b, 17c, 23a, 23b) and said gondola (M) is lifted; production process No. 6, in which, when lifting the specified nacelle (M), the movement of the cables (21) is recorded during lifting, and in this fixed state the connection of the hook (24) of the specified crane (C2) changes in the direction opposite to the direction of tension of the cables (21) ; production process No. 7, in which, after the specified change in the connection, the movement of the indicated cables (21) is removed, after which the indicated hook (24) is lifted with the help of the crane (C2), the indicated cables (21) are pulled through all pulleys (17a, 17b, 17c , 23a, 23b) and the gondola (M) rises even higher; production process No. 8, in which, repeating the production process of changing the connection and the following production process with further lifting of the nacelle, the nacelle (M) is brought through the specified open horizontal edge into the specified frame (10); production process No. 9, in which the gondola (M) brought into the specified frame (10) should be suspended in the specified frame (10) and at the same time disconnected from the indicated cables (21); production process No. 10, in which the gondola (M) suspended in the specified frame (10) should be moved to the specified upper part of the tower (1) and installed to this upper part of the tower; production process No. 11, in which it is necessary to disconnect the cables (19), fixing the specified frame (10), and remove the frame (10) from the top of the tower. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said frame (10) projects laterally in the form of an oblique parallelogram, the upper horizontal projecting side of which is open downward. 3. The method according to PP. 1 and 2, in which the above frame (10) is equipped with a rail (15) leading from the nacelle suspension point (M) to the upper part of the tower, a frame suspension mechanism (16) is installed on the rail (15), movable in the longitudinal direction, with With this suspension mechanism (16), it is possible to carry out production process No. 9 to lower the nacelle (M) and production process No. 10 to move to the top of the tower (1).

Images