RU2723352C1 - Armored vehicle with crew capsule evacuated by helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons, with integrated use of armored vehicles (tanks, self-propelled artillery mounts, reconnaissance and patrol vehicles, staff vehicles, etc.) and helicopters as support means. Object of armored vehicles (AVO) (1) with crew capsule evacuated by helicopter (22) comprises self-propelled chassis with body (2) made with seat (3) for arrangement of capsule (8), with possibility of separation and evacuation of capsule (8) by helicopter via flexible connection (17). Capsule (8) is made coffin-like – with inclines (ϕ, ψ) to vertical of at least lower lateral, front and rear walls thereof, and chassis frame inner walls forming said seat (3) are inclined equidistantly to lower walls (9, 10, 13, 14) of capsule (8). In AVO (1) usage method, involving AVO crew accommodation (1) in capsule (8), if evacuation is required, the latter is performed by means of capsules (8) separation, by means of retainers (18-21), from AVO (1), capturing capsule (8) by means of AVO (1) and its further removal by air transportation.

EFFECT: invention improves reliability of extraction and evacuation of capsule (8) and its protection both in seat (3) and during extraction from it, as well as manufacturability of structure.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of armament, with the integrated use of objects of armored vehicles (OB) (tanks, self-propelled artillery, reconnaissance and patrol vehicles, staff vehicles, etc.).

Known ground-based OB with the placement of the entire crew in. well-armored capsule. The most “common” example is the Russian tank based on the modular platform Armata [1. Victor Baranets // Komsomolskaya Pravda. - URL: http://www.kp.md/daily/26381.4/3259466/?geoid=26 (Layout date 05/14/2015, accessed 09/22/2019)] and previous projects [2. RU 2274819, IPC F41H 7/00, 04/20/2006].

However, in the event of a missile failure in conditions of a likely shelling, the crew will not be evacuated by means of an armored capsule.

Nevertheless, at present there are developments (including author projects) of ground-based transport systems with self-propelled capsules, with the possibility of their independent separation from the OB chassis and evacuation of the crew without their going outside [3. Semenov A.G. The concept of ground transportation complex with evacocapsule / A.G. Semenov. - SPb .: Publishing house of the Polytechnic. University, 2017 .-- 242 p. - S. 7-8; 4. Semenov A.G. Ground transportation complexes. The concept of mobile evacocapsules: monograph / A.G. Semenov. - SPb .: Publishing house of the Polytechnic. University, 2019 .-- 393 p. - S. 30, 40, 50, 56, and others; 5. RU 2504728 C1, IPC F41H 7/00, 01/20/2014; 6. RU 2617016 C1, IPC F41H 7/00, B62D 63/00. 04/19/2017; 7. RU 2612070 C1, IPC F41H 7/00, B62D 63/00, 03/02/2017].

However, they are relatively complicated from the point of view of mechanics and in emergency situations failure is possible due to possible damage. And in the case of an incompetent crew, evacuation "on its own" is generally excluded.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of purpose and a set of essential structural features, an analogue (prototype) is a combat complex of a tank and a helicopter, an armored vehicle containing a self-propelled chassis with a housing made with a nest for placing an armored capsule for the crew, with the possibility of separation and evacuation of the capsule by helicopter through flexible communication [8. RU 2703322 C1, IPC F41H 13/00; F41H 7/03; B64D 1/22, 10.16.2019].

In it, the capsule is made with vertical side and rear walls. Accordingly, the walls of the chassis body forming the aforementioned socket are parallel to them.

However, the prototype device, with all its undoubted benefits, is still not completely perfect in relation to the performance characteristics: the verticality of the walls of the nest and capsule in it even when organizing roller guides (which, however, is associated with additional volumes of the reserved space) can cause the capsule to jam (jam) when it is lifted by a helicopter due to the horizontal components of external forces (i.e., distortions in the rise); the method of increasing the armor resistance of the structure due to the inclination of its walls is not used.

A complex problem (and, accordingly, a task) is the creation of such a device (a set of essential design features) in which:

- it would facilitate the extraction of the capsule by the evacuation helicopter from the chassis, the probability of jamming of the capsule in the nest due to the non-parallelism of the capsule and nest walls in the extraction dynamics is reduced;

- the same, during installation and dismantling operations with a crane in the part of the system “housing OB - capsule” at the production and repair stages of the life cycle;

- would increase the protection of the capsule when exposed to damage.

The indicated problem is removed (the problem is solved) by the fact that in the object of armored vehicles with a capsule for the crew evacuated by a helicopter, containing a self-propelled chassis with a housing made with a slot for placing an armored capsule for the crew, with the possibility of separation and evacuation of the capsule by helicopter through flexible communication, according to the claimed According to the invention, the capsule is made grave-like - with an inclination to the vertical of at least the lower side, front and rear walls, and the inner walls of the chassis body forming the nest are inclined equidistantly to the lower walls of the capsule.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by:

in FIG. 1 shows an object of armored vehicles (OB) in a variant of a tank with a detachable armored capsule for the crew and flexible communication with a helicopter, side view with a longitudinal local section along the evacocapsule, where P and F ₁ are the vertical useful and longitudinal horizontal harmful forces, respectively;

in FIG. 2 - the same, transverse local incision along the evacocapsule, where P and F ₂ , are the vertical useful and transverse horizontal harmful forces, respectively; J is the pulsed impact of the projectile; ϕ and ψ are the angles of inclination of the walls

in FIG. 3 is a transverse local section along the evacocapsule extracted by helicopter, where ϕ and ψ are the angles of inclination of the walls.

In the figures 1-3 positions indicated:

1 - an object of armored vehicles (OB); 2 - chassis chassis; 3 - nest for an armored capsule; 4, 5 - side walls of socket 3; 6, 7 — lower front and rear walls of socket 3; 8 - an armored capsule (armored capsule, evacocapsule) for the crew; 9, 10 - the lower side walls of the capsule 8; 11, 12 - upper side walls of the capsule; 13, 14 - lower front and rear walls of the capsule 8; 15, 16 - the upper front and rear walls of the capsule 8; 17 - flexible connection of the capsule 8 with the evacuation helicopter or crane (the latter are not shown - see prototype); 18-21 - disconnectable caps caps locks 8 in slot 3; 22 - a helicopter.

The object of the armored vehicles 1 contains a self-propelled chassis with a housing 2 made with a slot 3 for placing an armored capsule 8 for the crew (with fixation with latches 18-21 (see Fig. 1, 2). It is possible to separate and evacuate capsule 8 (after disconnecting the latches 18 -21) by helicopter 22 through flexible communication 17.

The capsule 8 is made grave-shaped - with tilts ϕ and ψ to the vertical (see Fig. 2, 3), at least the lower side 9, 10, front 13 and rear 14 of its walls, and the inner walls 4-7 of the body 2, forming nest 3, inclined equidistantly to the lower walls 9, 10 and 13, 14 of the capsule 8.

Since the specific structural support for the rapid detachment / attachment (docking / undocking) of capsule 8 (as an OB module) is not fundamentally different from other elements and modules of OB 1, for example, an internal combustion engine or a transmission during manufacture or repair, an arms module and ammunition - see FIG. 1), it seems not necessary to go beyond the description of the prototype in this part. Moreover, the methods and devices of such interconnections are widely known for specialists not only in transport sectors, but also for mechanical engineers in general. They are shown conditionally and are visible in FIG. 1-3.

The operation of the device in the evacuation mode presupposes the presence of a second object - a helicopter 22 (for example, a support helicopter) or a crane (plus flexible communications 17 such as slings, with the ability to remove at least armored capsules 3. As a rule, together with the crew, regardless of physical ( physiological) state of crew members.

When lifting the unlocked (disengaging latches 18-21) capsule 8, the inclined (angles ϕ and ψ) orientation of the lower walls (in the general case, along the entire perimeter) allows to reduce or even eliminate (prevent) jamming (seizing) of landing elements - “intermediaries” ( not shown) capsules 8 in slot 3, due to the effect of extracting the cake from the baking dish.

Working with a third-party crane is similar, with the only difference being that the horizontal components of the overall effect on the capsule 8.

When firing ABOUT 1, the angle of encounter with the hull 2 (see impulse J in Fig. 2) - can be elevated, as a rule, in the negative zone (parabolic trajectory), especially from the enemy’s air vehicle. Then the proposed angles ϕ of the inclination of the capsule 8 and the walls of the nest of the housing 2 significantly increase their protection (armor resistance). When firing at the extracted capsule 8 (see Fig. 3), these positions remain valid.

Other examples of the specific implementation of the claimed device are possible within the framework of the set of essential structural features (see also the claims below).

The technical and tactical results from the use of the claimed invention are to reduce or eliminate the likelihood of jamming of the capsule lifted up in the walls of the nest in the chassis housing (due to horizontal displacements), which increases the reliability of the evacuation. In addition, in pre-evacuation modes of operation of OBs and at an early stage of evacuation using flexible communication, the inclination of the walls increases the capsule's protection against weapons. At the same time, along the way, the manufacturability of installation and dismantling work is increased in the part of the “OB-capsule” system at the production and repair stages of the OB life cycle.

Thus, in a more general formulation, the performance characteristics of the OB-Helicopter complex and its manufacturability are improved by increasing the reliability of capsule extraction and evacuation.

Claims (1)

An object of armored vehicles with a capsule for the crew being evacuated by a helicopter, comprising a self-propelled chassis with a housing made with a nest for accommodating an armored capsule for the crew, with the possibility of separating and evacuating the capsule by helicopter by means of flexible communication, characterized in that the capsule is made grave-like - with an inclination to the vertical, at least the lower side, front and rear walls of it, and the inner walls of the chassis housing, forming the aforementioned socket, are inclined equidistantly to the lower walls of the capsule.

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