RU2719727C1 - Method of growing lucilia fly larvae - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to biotechnology and fodder production, and can be used for production of alternative source of protein and fat for fodder purposes. Method for growing Lucilia fly larvae involves split-type feeding on a substrate having a moisture content of 60–70 % and containing, as a base, minced organic wastes from a case mass milled on the first day to particle size of not more than 30 mm, with subsequent addition of mince with grinding of wastes. On different days of larvae feeding mince is milled into different fractions by particle size. Temperature of the whole substrate during the first day during the process of obtaining larval from eggs +26…+28 °C, during the second day +24…+26 °C, during the third day +22…+24 °C, during the fourth day +20…+22 °C. On the first day, the substrate with the eggs laid on it are placed into a container; the stuffing is added and placed on a day in an incubator. On the second day, young hatchlings hatched from eggs are moved from an incubator to pools of two square meters each of sheet metal with beads having a height of not less than 150 mm and bent inwards edges, with density of larval landing on area of basins of 25 g per one square meter and during the day in pools periodically add mince with particle size of 40–60 mm. On the third day during the day mincemeat with particle size of up to 150 mm is periodically added to the pools, and the fourth one – with particle size of not more than 60 mm. On the fifth day, larval feeding is completely stopped, and in the afternoon the contents of the pools are sent for separation. Mince additionally includes waste from slaughter and poultry processing, wastes from working and processing of animals and by-products, sausage and fish products that have lost consumer properties. Pools are located one above another with gaps between them, installing them horizontally on shelves in racks. Racks are closed on three sides with a film and equipped with an exhaust device from above with the possibility of ensuring air exchange rate inside each rack 5-6 times per hour, air exchange 27 m/h.EFFECT: invention increases output of biomass from a unit of functional area.8 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to biotechnology and fodder production, and can be used to obtain larval biomass of dipteran insects of the family Calliphoridae of the genus Lucilia as an alternative source of protein and fat for feed purposes.

Increasing the productivity of farm animals and poultry is unthinkable without providing them with high-quality feed, at the same time, at the present stage, mankind is experiencing an acute shortage of feed protein and especially animal protein. The inclusion of non-traditional sources of protein in the diet of farm animals is one of the solutions to this problem, and one of the promising directions for obtaining complete protein is larvae of flies grown in artificial conditions. It is known that protein-lipid concentrate as a feed additive provides high productivity of animals, poultry, fish, silkworm, microorganisms and disease resistance, increases multifertility, preservation of young animals, gain in fattening (Biotechnology of organic waste processing and ecology, I.I. Goodilin, A.F. Kondratov et al., Novosibirsk 1999, pp. 160-209, 228-241). Therefore, the development of the fundamentals of more advanced and economical technologies for breeding fly larvae, which provide a highly effective protein-lipid component of feed rations, is an urgent topic, the importance of which has significantly increased at present due to the need for import substitution of feed components for animals, poultry, and fish.

From the description of patent RU 2088079, А01К 67/033, А01К 67/00, 08/27/1997, a method for processing manure by larvae of synanthropic flies is known, which is implemented in a plant for processing manure by invertebrate animal saprophages (ed. St. USSR No. 966948, A01K 67/00 ) From the description of patent RU 2018225, A01K 67/00, 08/27/1994 it is known that this installation was put into operation in the problem laboratory of the Novosibirsk Agricultural Institute for growing larvae of synanthropic flies, which are carried out in horizontally located trays installed in coupled movable containers with an adjustable microclimate . Rectangular trays have a continuous bottom and sides, the height of the sides is three times the height of the layer of manure processed in them to complicate the migration of larvae.

However, the indicated height of the sides of the trays significantly reduces the utilization rate of the internal volume of the installation, and at optimal substrate moisture content of 78%, up to 75% of larvae die during processing. With increasing humidity of the substrate, the percentage of death of larvae in it increases. This disadvantage leads to a sharp decrease in the biomass yield of larvae and a decrease in the quality of processing of the substrate.

In addition, the larvae that grew on manure have a low percentage of long chain unsaturated fatty acids (http://www.agrobook.ru/blog/user/sdnl5/pererabotka-pishchevvh-i-selskohozvavstvennyh-othodov-lichinkami-chernoy-lvinki ), which reduces the quality of the feed.

It is known that when growing larvae of synanthropic flies per cycle of their development from an egg to a pre-pup, it is advisable to use two-stage growing of larvae: introducing egg-laying of synatropic flies into an organic substrate for oviposition and growing on it for 12-48 hours at a temperature of 26-36 ° С, relative humidity 60-75% and air exchange ⋅ch 0.01-0.1 m ³ / kg, and then larvae grown on the organic waste to step prepupae (method for processing organic waste and the substrate for growing larvae of synanthropic flies patent RU 2049389, A01K 67/033, 10.12.1995, allowing to increase the degree of utilization of equipment in the 1.1-1.6 times, but the performance of the process is low and the yield of biomass larvae low). A continuation of this technical solution, oriented to a classical laboratory substrate, is a method for the industrial production of housefly larvae according to patent RU 2088080, A01K 67/033, C05F 3/06, 03/13/1995, oriented to a known natural substrate (manure), which confirms the advisability of using two-stage cultivation process. At each loading of waste into the installation, it is necessary to introduce the optimal, therefore, metered amount of egg laying or the corresponding number of larvae of equal age. Due to the stage of two-stage cultivation of larvae, this method allows to reduce the total time of the bioconversion process, as well as the working area of the cultivator.

The disadvantage is that optimal conditions for growth and development have not been created for the larvae, which reduces the yield of larval biomass.

A known method of processing organic waste by larvae of flies of Hermetia illucens to obtain protein of animal origin, including obtaining eggs of flies, incubating eggs and undergrowth of larvae on a nutrient medium, populating these larvae with a density of 2.5-5.0 ind./cm ^{2 of an} organic substrate located in stackable containers, bioconversion of the organic substrate and separation of the larvae from the processed substrate (patent RU 2654220, C05F 3/00, C05F 9/04, A23K 10/18, 05/17/2018).

The disadvantage is the length of the process, and, consequently, a decrease in productivity and yield of biomass of larvae. At the same time, the larvae of Hermetia illucens flies can live only in controlled microclimate conditions, at high temperatures with an increased demand for illumination.

A known method of obtaining entomological biomass - raw materials for the production of feed additives. Solid-phase fractions of wastewater from meat processing plants with a moisture content of 80-90% are mixed with dry bran grains of cultivated cereals in the range of mass proportions from 2: 1 to 5: 2 until the final moisture content of 65-75% is reached. The resulting mixture is distributed into containers with a layer of 10-15 cm, colonized with larvae of flies of Hermetia illucens 2-3 of the adult stage (i.e. 7-10 days old) with a planting density of 2-5 individuals per 1 cm ² and subjected to entomological bioconversion for 10 -15 days. The choice of a specific time interval for the growth of larvae is mainly determined by their ontogenetic features, manifested in the form of metamorphoses and, in turn, is a genetically determined trait in relation to the used laboratory insect population. At the end of the processing period, the larvae are separated from the remains of the substrate (patent RU 2688470, A23K 10/00, A01K 67/033, 05/21/2019).

The disadvantage of this known method is the length of the process, which leads to insufficient biomass yield of larvae of flies, reducing the productivity of the processing process. The larvae of Hermetia illucens flies can live only in controlled microclimate conditions, at high temperatures with increased lighting requirements.

From patent RU 2366168, A01K 67/00, 09/10/2009, a method for increasing the yield of synanthropic fly larvae from a unit volume of a plant for growing them is known. The larvae storage tank is equipped with perforated air ducts passing through the thickness of the processed raw materials permeable to air, liquid manure and larvae of synanthropic flies.

The disadvantage of this known method is the insufficient biomass yield of larvae of flies with the complexity of the device.

Closest to the proposed one is a known method of processing biological waste to produce protein feed and biofertilizer, which includes obtaining living biomass of fly larvae from a laboratory population of flies Lucilia Caesar and Sarcophagida by introducing egg laying of a laboratory population of synatropic flies (Lucilia Caesar and Sarcophagida) into a feed substrate based on organic waste in the form of mortality of poultry or livestock farms with a moisture content of 60-70%, crushed to a fraction with a particle size of not more than 30 mm, growing larvae from eggs on a substrate those at a substrate temperature on the first day of +26 - + 28 ° C with obtaining after 3-5 hours the larvae that actively feed on the substrate, for feeding which a portion of fresh substrate is added daily so that on the second day the substrate is preliminarily crushed to a fraction with a particle size of 60-80 mm, at a temperature of the entire substrate during the second day +24 - + 26 ° C, on the third day, a substrate is additionally placed, pre-crushed to a fraction with a particle size of 100-150 mm, at a temperature of the whole substrate for the thirddays +22 - + 24 ° С, on the fourth day an additional substrate is placed, previously crushed to a fraction with a particle size of 60-80 mm, at a temperature of the whole substrate during the fourth day +20 - + 22 ° С. Fractional feeding of larvae according to the combined type creates larvae comfortable conditions for receiving food depending on their age, providing food of that particular fraction, particles of which correspond to their size, which significantly increases the biomass yield from a unit of raw material - allows you to get from 15% to 42% more biomass from units of raw material compared to a homogeneous feed substrate. The temperature regime is selected according to the corresponding development cycles of the larvae. The substrate is optimal in humidity (patent RU 2644343, А01К 67/033, C05F 1/00, A23K 10/00, 08/03/2016). This decision was made as a prototype.

However, despite the high efficiency and value of the method, it requires further improvement. The implementation of this solution revealed an insufficient yield of larvae biomass from one square meter of the device, insufficient productivity of the growing process, and insufficient degree of survival of the larvae. Competition for access to food prevents the larvae from gaining maximum body weight. During their development, active larvae migrate from the zone of initial settlement to the zones inhabited by younger larvae, inhibit their development, which entails incomplete processing of the substrate and reduces the total yield of larvae biomass.

Thus, taking into account the particular urgency of the problem of providing livestock with the cheapest methods and perfect technology for obtaining protein feed, it became necessary to increase the yield of biomass of larvae of flies at the lowest cost on production technology.

In this regard, flies of the genus Lucilia can be successfully used to obtain feed protein in the form of larval biomass. The living biomass of larvae of flies of the genus Lucilia is a highly effective protein feed additive in the diet of animals, poultry and fish, serves as a raw material for the production of protein-lipid concentrate, chitin, chitosan, drugs, hormones, biologically active substances, new generation antibiotics. The dried biomass of larvae of the genus Lucilia flies is a product with a high protein content (45-60%), which contains a complete set of essential and non-essential amino acids, with a mass fraction of fat of 25-30% and is the closest and most effective substitute for traditional protein sources, including including fish and meat and bone meal. In addition, the dried biomass of larvae contains such unique substances as chitin and melanin, which significantly increases the value of feed.

The task to which this proposal is directed is the development of a method for growing larvae that provides maximum biomass yield from one square meter of the functional area of the equipment.

The technical result consists in obtaining the maximum yield of larvae biomass from one square meter of the functional area by creating the necessary and sufficient conditions for their growth and development and the quality of the adult larva per unit of functional area.

The essence of the proposed technical solution lies in the fact that in the method of growing larvae of flies of the genus Lucilia, including fractional feeding according to the combined type on a substrate having a moisture content of 60-70% and containing as a basis minced meat from organic waste from the case, crushed on the first day to size particles of not more than 30 mm, followed by daily addition of minced meat with grinding of waste on different days of feeding the larvae to different fractions according to particle size at the temperature of the entire substrate: during the first day in the process eggs from fry eggs of larvae +26 - + 28 ° С, during the second day +24 - + 26 ° С, during the third day +22 - + 24 ° С, during the fourth day +20 - + 22 ° С consists in the fact that on the first day the substrate, together with the eggs laid on it, is placed in a container, minced meat is added and placed for a day in the incubator, after which on the second day the larvae hatching from the eggs are transferred from the incubator to two square meter pools of sheet metal with sides having a height of at least 150 mm and curved inward edges, with the density of planting of larvae in the area pools 25 g per square meter and during the day minced meat with a particle size of 40-60 mm is periodically added to the pools, on the third day during the day minced meat with a particle size of up to 150 mm is periodically added to the pools, on the fourth day during the day, into the pools minced meat is added periodically with a particle size of not more than 60 mm, on the fifth day the feeding of the larvae is completely stopped and in the afternoon the contents of the pools are sent for separation, while the stuffing also includes waste from slaughter and poultry processing, waste from slaughter and processing ki of animals and offal, sausage and fish products, which have lost consumer properties, and the pools are placed one above the other with gaps between them, for this they are installed horizontally on shelves in racks, and the racks are closed on three sides with a film and equipped with an exhaust device on top with the possibility of providing air exchange rates inside each rack 5-6 times per hour, air exchange 27 m ³ / h. It is advisable to place six pools in one rack. Pools can be fixed on shelves by means of a metal frame. It is preferable to fill the pools with the substrate along with the larvae with a layer of 60-70 mm. You can also use a film of polyethylene. It is preferable to make pools of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.55 mm. It is advisable to use pools with a size of 2000 × 1000 × 150 mm. A feature is that it is advisable to use minced meat in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

- waste from mortality, slaughter and poultry processing thirty - waste from mortality, slaughter and processing animals and offal thirty - sausage products that have lost consumer properties thirty - fish that has lost consumer properties 10

This set of essential features provides the specified technical result.

The use of an incubator in the process of obtaining small larvae (fry) from eggs increases the survival rate of larvae, ensures the uniformity of their subsequent development, and, therefore, improves the starting conditions for subsequent growth and development with an increase in body weight of each larva, which ultimately provides an increase in biomass yield larvae. More viable larvae, which are in optimal conditions for their life, process organic waste more fully and efficiently, which allows to increase the biomass yield of larvae from a unit of the functional area of the device.

The use of the proposed design and device for growing larvae for growing larvae of pools of the whole allows for growing a larva weighing 0.07 g in five days, which significantly affects the increase in the biomass yield of larvae as a whole. The rectangular shape of the pool allows you to more efficiently carry out the technological processes associated with feeding, separation and others. As for the dimensions of the pool, this is justified, first of all, by the laboratory habitat calculated by the habitat of one larva.

The experimentally determined optimal density of fry landing per meter of square functional area of the pools (in fact, the area of the bottom of the pool) provides the opportunity to create optimal conditions for the life of the larvae, which increases their survival rate, weight gain, and ultimately increases the yield of total biomass.

The enrichment of minced meat by adding to it the proposed various components leads to an improvement in its nutritional value and allows to accelerate the growth, development and increase in body weight of larvae. The optimal composition of the stuffing for feeding the larvae provides a quick gain in body weight of each larva with a high level of protein in their body, which allows to increase the yield of biomass and improve the quality of feed additives. As a result, the biomass yield of larvae increases.

The use of the proposed minced meat from organic waste, balanced in consistency and composition, leads to an increase in the biomass yield of the larvae to 12 kg of biomass per square meter due to the fact that the larvae in this case have a high body weight (on average 0.07 g).

An efficiently functioning and simple in design device for growing larvae allows you to create optimal conditions for the growth and development of larvae: free access to feed, air with sufficient oxygen and stable humidity (without intensive blowing) under favorable temperature conditions, which positively affects the yield of larvae biomass . Sufficient area and volume for cultivation with a balanced feed composition allow the larvae to be fed and fed more efficiently.

The temperature regime used is optimal for the life of the larvae.

In FIG. 1 shows a pool, general view; in FIG. 2 - a pool with inwardly curved sides of the sides, view A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - rack, general view; in FIG. 4 - rack, side view; in FIG. 5 - frame, general view; in FIG. 6 is a frame, view A in FIG. 5; in FIG. 7 - frame, view B in FIG. 5; in FIG. 8 is an image of a complete cultivation apparatus; in FIG. 9 - image of the pool; in FIG. 10 - image of the pool filling on the second day (substrate with fry and minced meat around the perimeter); in FIG. 11 is an image of a processed substrate with biomass of larvae; in FIG. 12 - image of the biomass of larvae; in FIG. 13 presents table 1 (the dependence of the life of the larvae on planting density); in FIG. 14 - table 2 (study of the effectiveness of the use of minced meat).

The maximum biomass yield is ensured by:

design features of the pool for growing larvae of flies and the rack in which these pools are located;

density of landing in pools of fry of larvae of flies;

composition and consistency of minced meat on which larval biomass is grown.

Studies with experiments on laboratory models made it possible to determine that the yield of larvae depends not so much on the volume of the substrate as on the area of the inner surface of the growth containers, which is actually only the bottom area (functional area).

It is proposed to grow larvae in pools 1 (Fig. 1, 2, 9) - special large tanks with a solid bottom 2 and sides 3. The area of each pool 1 is two square meters. The preferred shape of the pools is rectangular, the size is preferably (d, w, h) 2000 × 1000 × 150 mm. The height of the pool 1 is due to the peculiarities of growing larvae. To prevent shoots of larvae, the height of the sides 3 of the pool 1 is at least 150 mm, and the edges of the 4 sides 3 are bent inward (Fig. 2). The length and width of the pool 1 is given taking into account the anthropometric indicators of the larvae and the production feasibility of the feeding process. Pools are made from sheet metal, preferably from galvanized sheet steel, 0.55 mm thick. When choosing material for pools 1, they were guided, first of all, by the possibility of creating favorable conditions for the growth and development of larvae, the reliability of the design, resistance to the aggressive environment formed by the larvae as a result of vital activity, and the cost of the product. In the experiment for the manufacture of pool 1, two materials were used - PVC sheet plastic with a thickness of 3 mm and galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.55 mm. Pools 1 made of PVC did not meet the selected criteria. The manufacture of the edges 4 of the sides 3 bent inside the pool 1 turned out to be rather complicated, the porous surface of the plastic facilitated mass shoots of larvae, and the cost of the product is high. All these drawbacks are deprived of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.55 mm, and the weight of the pools 1 has decreased. Therefore, the choice was stopped for the pools 1 made of sheet metal. The optimal substrate layer (nutrient medium and larvae) located in pool 1 is about 60-70 mm.

Several pools 1 are installed in the rack 5 one above the other with a gap between them. For example, six pools 1 are installed in one rack 5. Each pool 1 is fixed horizontally in a metal frame 6, which is located on the shelf 7 of the rack 5. The shelves 7 in the shelves 5 are placed in tiers.

The racks 5 on three sides are covered with a film 8, in particular, a polyethylene film was used. On top of the racks 5 are equipped with an exhaust device 9, for example, an exhaust bell was used to collect vapors and transport them to a filter (not shown). The number of pools 1 in one rack 5 and the amount of gaps between pools 1 was determined based on the capacity of the exhaust equipment, given that the multiplicity of air exchange inside the structure is 5-6 times per hour, air exchange is 27 m ³ / h for one rack. Used a ventilation system mechanical general exchange ventilation.

This design provides good and controlled ventilation inside the rack 5, since the larvae of flies, having high adaptability and survival, are very sensitive to adverse ventilation conditions. With imperfect ventilation inside the pool 1, due to the biothermal process and the motor activity of the larvae, carbon dioxide accumulates, oxygen deficiency forms, the temperature rises to + 60 ° C and the larvae die, practically boil.

Planting density plays an important role in the development of larvae. It is known that in larvae extraintestinal digestion, crawling through the substrate, they moisten it with digestive enzymes. Such a partially digested mixture is swallowed by them. Thanks to the fungicidal and antibacterial components secreted by the larvae of the substances, the stuffing does not rot.

Example 1. In the pool 1 was loaded daily larvae (fry) with a planting density of 10 grams per 1 m ^{2 of} functional area. The larvae did not creep for a long time, which led to a deterioration in the quality of the stuffing along the edges (spoilage). The spoiled minced meat was ignored by the larvae; this increased the consumption of raw materials and reduced the gain.

Example 2. In the pool 1 was loaded daily larvae (fry) with a planting density of 25 grams per 1 m ^{2 of} functional area. The development of minced meat began on the first day. Larvae were active during the entire growth period. The consumption of raw materials per unit of production amounted to 3: 1, and the larval mass is more than 10 kg from 1 m ² .

Example 3. In the pool 1 was loaded daily larvae (fry) with a planting density of 40 grams per 1 m ² . The first two days, the larvae were active, quickly mastered the substrate. But on the third day, overpopulation was visually observed, the substrate layer turned out to be too high, and on the fourth day the temperature of the substrate increased to 62 ° C, which caused mass death of the larvae.

Studies have shown that it is advisable to grow larvae at a density of planting larvae in pools of 25 grams of fry per 1 m ² area. The dependence of the life of the larvae on planting density is presented in table 1 (Fig. 13). Thus, it was experimentally established that the larvae develop poorly when deviating to a greater or lesser extent from the indicated planting density, which is optimal - 25 g of daily larvae per square meter.

One of the determining factors in biomass cultivation that affects the life of larvae is the composition of the stuffing for feeding the larvae.

The composition of the food substrate should include proteins, carbohydrates, a variety of minerals, vitamins. The mass gain and growth rate of the larvae directly depends on the nutritional and digestibility of the raw materials. The composition of the stuffing, which feed the larvae, affects the amount of protein in the protein feed, made on the basis of the biomass of larvae of flies. Therefore, all the components of the stuffing should be high protein and close to the natural food of the genus Lucilia flies. In addition, the stuffing should be made from production waste. Considering the ability of larvae of the Lucilia flies to process not only the waste from the case, but also a variety of organic waste, including protein-rich waste from the processing of birds, animals and fish, food products that have lost consumer qualities, it is advisable to include them in the stuffing. As a result of the vital activity of the larvae, a substance is formed, which is a high-class fertilizer. The better the waste is processed, the greater the weight of the larvae. We took the quality of fertilizer as one of the criteria for the success of the experiment in increasing the yield of biomass of larvae.

Example 1. Larvae were fed with crushed waste from poultry farms (from mortality, slaughter and processing of poultry). Larvae actively mastered minced meat, but due to the high density of minced meat, some of its sections remained untreated for a long time. The decrease in activity in third-instar larvae is explained by physiological characteristics; they begin to prepare for pupation and stop feeding. As a result, we got a good increase in biomass (1 kg of larvae with 3 kg of minced meat) and high-quality protein feed, but fertilizer with a dense consistency (table 2) (Fig. 14).

Example 2. Similarly, but with waste from the case, slaughter and processing of pigs and offal. Stuffing turned out to be quite dense and fat. The larvae were active and grew well, but the processing of minced meat was uneven. With a good increase in biomass received low-quality fertilizer.

Example 3. Similarly, but using sausage products with expired shelf life. Sausage products turned out to be unattractive for larvae, they were inactive, on the first day they remained on the surface of the meat, possibly due to its dense consistency. The yield was low.

Example 4. Similarly, but with expired fish. On minced fish, the larvae were quite active, but did not give a large increase and the humus turned out to be of poor quality.

The results of studies on the effectiveness of the use of minced meat are presented in table 2 (Fig. 14). Based on the results of the experiments and the availability of raw materials, the optimal minced meat recipe was prepared for feeding the larvae of the following composition, wt. %:

30% - waste from mortality, slaughter and poultry processing;

30% - waste from mortality, slaughter and processing of animals and offal;

30% - sausage products that have lost consumer properties (for example, with an expired shelf life);

10% - fish products that have lost consumer properties (for example, with an expired shelf life).

The forcemeat prepared in such proportions allows you to grow a larva weighing 0.07 grams in 5 days, which significantly affects the increase in the biomass yield of the larvae as a whole and allows you to achieve a result of 12 kg of biomass per square meter of functional area per day. The proposed composition of minced meat favorably affects the life of the larvae. However, a change in the percentage of components in the composition of the forcemeat slows their growth and reduces the accumulation of biomass.

A method for growing larvae of flies of the genus Lucilia involves fractional feeding according to the combined type on a substrate having a moisture content of 60-70%. On a certain day of feeding, the substrate has a different temperature. The substrate is based on minced meat from organic waste from mortality, slaughter and processing of poultry, waste from mortality, slaughter and processing of animals (pigs, cows, etc.) and offal, waste in the form of sausage and fish products that have lost consumer properties, crushed to particles different sizes on different days of feeding the larvae.

Every day, a substrate is taken from each cell with flies together with eggs from the laboratory population of Lucilia flies laid on it.

First day. The substrate, together with the eggs laid on it, is placed in a container (not shown) and minced meat with a particle size of not more than 30 mm is added. Then the containers are placed in an incubator. In the incubator, containers are placed on racks. The temperature in the incubator is +26 - + 28 ° С. Larvae hatched from eggs (male fry) begin to actively process added minced meat. The exit of larvae from eggs is not carried out simultaneously, so this process is carried out within 24 hours.

Second day. The larvae hatching from the eggs of the larvae (slightly grown larvae) are transferred from the incubator to the growth workshop and placed in large tanks - pools 1, each with an area of 2 m ² . In each pool 1, 50 grams of fry is placed (the density of larvae landing on the pool area is 25 g / m ² ) and during the day minced meat is added to the pools periodically with a particle size of 40-60 mm at a temperature of +24 - + 26 ° С. Preferably, the stuffing is a mixture of organic waste in the following ratio, wt. %:

30% - waste from mortality, slaughter and poultry processing;

30% - waste from mortality, slaughter and processing of animals and offal;

30% - sausage products that have lost consumer properties;

10% - fish products that have lost consumer properties.

The filled pools 1 for growing larvae are arranged one above the other with gaps between them, for this they are installed horizontally on the shelves 7 in multi-tiered racks 5. The racks are closed on three sides with a film 8 and equipped with an exhaust device 9 on top with the possibility of ensuring a multiple air exchange inside each rack 5 -6 times per hour, air exchange 27 m ³ / h.

The third day. Larvae are most voracious. The temperature inside the pools 1 rises due to the activity of the larvae, so the temperature of the meat is reduced to +22 - + 24 ° C. During the day, in each pool 1, minced meat of a larger fraction with a particle size of up to 150 mm is periodically added.

Fourth day. During the day, in each pool 1, minced meat is periodically added with a particle size of not more than 60 mm at a temperature of +20 - + 22 ° C and. At the end of the day, larval activity in relation to nutrition decreases.

Fifth day. Larvae stop eating. Actively moving in search of a place for pupation. Feeding the larvae completely stops and in the afternoon the contents of the pools are sent for separation.

The proposed method for growing larvae of flies of the genus Lucilia is innovative and completely waste-free, improves the ecological situation. The resulting biomass of the larvae has exceptional nutrients, and the protein-lipid concentrate obtained from it, which is included in the diet of various animals, poultry, and fish, allows not only to reduce feed consumption, but also to increase production yield while reducing its cost.

Claims (9)

1. A method of growing larvae of flies of the genus Lucilia, including fractional feeding according to the combined type on a substrate having a moisture content of 60-70% and containing as a basis minced meat from organic waste from the case, crushed on the first day to particle sizes of not more than 30 mm, followed by by daily addition of minced meat with grinding of waste on different days of feeding the larvae to different fractions according to the particle size at the temperature of the whole substrate: during the first day in the process of obtaining fry larvae from eggs +26 - + 28 ° С, during the second day +24 - +26 ° C, in the course of on the third day +22 - + 24 ° С, during the fourth day +20 - + 22 ° С, characterized in that on the first day the substrate, together with the eggs laid on it, is placed in a container, minced meat is added and placed for a day in an incubator, then on the second day, the larvae hatching from the eggs are transferred from the incubator to pools of two square meters of sheet metal with sides having a height of at least 150 mm and curved inward edges, with a larva planting density of 25 g per square meter on the pool area and during the day to the pools periodically minced meat with a particle size of 40-60 mm is added, on the third day during the day, minced meat with a particle size of up to 150 mm is periodically added to the pools, on the fourth day during the day, minced meat with a particle size of not more than 60 mm is periodically added to the pools, on the fifth day feeding of larvae is completely stopped and in the afternoon the contents of the pools are sent for separation, while the stuffing additionally includes waste from slaughter and poultry processing, waste from slaughter and processing of animals and offal, sausage and fish products that have lost consumers properties, and the pools are placed one above the other with gaps between them, for this they are installed horizontally on the shelves in the racks, and the racks are closed on three sides with a film and equipped with an exhaust device on top with the possibility of providing a multiplicity of air exchange inside each rack 5-6 times per hour , air exchange 27 m ³ / h. 2. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that six pools are placed in one rack. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the pools are fixed on the shelves of the shelves by means of a metal frame. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the layer located in the pool of the substrate together with the larvae is 60-70 mm 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they use a film of polyethylene. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the pools are made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.55 mm 7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the use of pools with a size of 2000 × 1000 × 150 mm 8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the forcemeat is used in the following ratio of components, wt. %: - waste from death, slaughter and poultry processing thirty - waste from mortality, slaughter and processing animals and offal thirty - sausage products that have lost consumer properties thirty lost consumer fish 10.

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