RU2716081C1 - Grinder of combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural machine building. Combine shredder comprises a frame, a rotating shaft of the shredder with hinged knives and a shearing device. Frame includes rigidly interconnected left and right sidewalls and bottom. Counter-cutting device includes a casing in which contradictions are installed. Grinder drive is made in the form of belt gear with strain gage installed on it.

EFFECT: increased load on crusher shaft is tracked by strain gage, which gives a signal for adjustment of position of contradictions and prevents stop of combine at reloading of grinder.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, and in particular to devices that produce grinding of the non-grain part of the crop, and in particular to grinders-spreaders of combine harvesters and methods and devices used to adjust the spread of the crushed non-grain part of the crop in the field during the operation of the combine harvester (for example , CLAAS combine, model LEXION 460-405, Operating Instructions BA LEXION 460 -405 / CEBIS - GUS - 25 - 04.2001 - BEV; JOHN DEERE combine, Operating Instructions John Deere 9540 9560 9580 9640 96 60 9680).

Closest to the claimed device is the chopper of the combine "CLAAS", model LEXION 780-620 (Operating Instructions 0002924502 - BA LEXION 780-620-03 / 2014), containing a rotating shaft of the chopper of the non-grain part of the crop, on which it is rigidly or with the possibility of swing a plurality of chopper knives distributed along the length of the shaft, which finely chop the crushed material supplied between the movable knives and the fixed counter-knives (contradictions) and pass it on to the guiding devices.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the following:

- to change the length of the fragments of the crushed non-grain part of the crop, the adjustment of the counterknives is done manually;

- to adjust the position of the counter-knives, it is necessary to turn off the engine of the combine and exit the cab;

- the lack of automatic adjustment of the position of the counter-knives leads to an increased load on the chopper drive and, as a result, to a drop in engine speed and the stop of the combine.

The objective of the invention is to prevent the harvester from stopping by automatically adapting the chopper to any agricultural background, realized by the signal of a strain gauge mounted on a belt drive, and using electric or hydraulic transmission of the output of the contradiction from the chopper block.

To achieve the specified technical result, the design of the grinder containing the frame, including the left and right sidewalls and the bottom, rigidly interconnected, a rotating shaft with hinged knives located along the shaft, and a counter device that includes a housing in which there are contradictions (knives), a drive was introduced in the form of an electromechanism or hydraulic cylinder for automatic adjustment of contradictions, which disengages them from the chopper knives in proportion to the increasing load on the belt Iy transmission, and vice versa. Conflicts are adjusted to change the length of fragments of the crushed non-cereal part of the crop remotely from the operator’s cabin using an electric or hydraulic transmission. Automatic adjustment of the position of contradictions according to the signals of the load cell mounted on the belt drive makes it possible to uniformly and continuously spread the non-grain part of the crop across the field with a heavy agricultural background (high humidity of the harvested mass, high weediness of the field, natural bushiness of some crops and uneven supply of the non-grain part of the crop from the threshing unit into the chopper-spreader).

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the contradictions during the operation of the combine in a normal agricultural background;

- FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the contradictions during the operation of the combine in a heavy agricultural background.

The claimed invention contains the following structural elements: 1 - frame chopper; 2 - shredder shaft; 3 - contradictory device; 4 - contradiction; 5 - drive (electromechanism or hydraulic cylinder), while the drive (electromechanism or hydraulic cylinder) 5 is fixed on one side to the frame of the grinder 1, in which the shaft of the grinder 2 and the counter device 3 are connected, with which the drive 5 is connected to the second side; the contradictions 4 are located at the same distance from the hinge knives of the chopper shaft 2.

The inventive device operates as follows. In the frame of the grinder 1, a shaft of the grinder 2 is installed, the hinge knives of which are located between the contradictions 4 of the opposing device 3 at the same distance from each other.

Under any harvesting conditions (agricultural background), it is necessary to ensure continuous operation of the combine. This is achieved by automatically adjusting the contradictions 4 drive (electromechanism or hydraulic cylinder) 5 output of the opposing device 3 from the grinder.

The technical result consists in the possibility of timely adjustment of contradictions and the withdrawal of the opposing device from the grinding zone with increased load on the chopper drive during operation of the combine on a heavy agricultural background by using an electric or hydraulic drive with a strain gauge mounted on a belt drive that monitors the chopper load and load on belt transmission and, as a result, excludes slipping of the counter-drive transmission belt, a drop in engine speed and stopping the combine. In addition, the adjustment of contradictions is provided for changing the length of the fragment of grinding the non-grain part of the crop remotely from the operator’s cabin using an electric or hydraulic transmission.

Claims (5)

1. The grinder of a combine harvester, comprising a frame including left and right sides and a bottom, rigidly interconnected, a rotating shaft with hinged knives located along the length of the shaft, and a counter device that includes a housing in which there are contradictions, characterized by the fact that a drive with a load cell mounted on a belt drive is introduced into it, which provides automatic adjustment of contradictions. 2. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that an electromechanism is used as a drive. 3. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder is used as a drive. 4. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment of the contradictions for changing the length of the fragment for grinding the non-cereal part of the crop is carried out remotely from the operator’s cabin using an electric or hydraulic transmission. 5. The chopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the case of a heavy agricultural background, the adjustment of the contradictions and the removal of the opposing device from the grinding zone is carried out automatically by means of an electric or hydraulic transmission with a strain gauge mounted on a belt drive.

Images