RU2715844C1 - Device for absorption of separate components in gases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: device for absorption of separate components in gases, such as contaminants or recirculated materials, in which absorbing solution contacts with gas in absorption chamber. Absorbent solution is supplied by spraying nozzles into absorption chamber equipped with gas distribution grid causing turbulence of flow of inflow gas above gas inlet opening. Provided are spray nozzles directed downwards, i.e. in direction opposite to gas flow. At least one spray grate is arranged above the gas distribution grid, through which the absorbing solution is supplied into the absorption chamber. Gas distributing grid consists entirely of metal corrosion-resistant plates. Spraying nozzles of the spray grate are represented by centrifugal jet nozzles directed downwards. Flue gas outlet branch pipe is directed upward. Anti-suspension grate is installed in settling tank. Ozone feed pipe is arranged on gas inlet pipe.

EFFECT: invention provides reduced drop entrainment and liquid flow rate.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for the absorption of individual components in gases.

A device is known, a nozzle scrubber (see RF patent No. 2411061 dated 02/10/2011 Bull. No. 4), comprising a housing, a confuser, an inlet and outlet nozzle, an irrigation system and a hopper, the housing being cylindrical, in the lower part of which there is an inlet a nozzle, while the end of the inlet nozzle is immersed in a liquid located in a conical hopper equipped with a valve with a counterweight and a flush nozzle, and a drain channel and a water seal are provided in the hopper to maintain a constant liquid level, and for technical inspection of the scrubber, a hatch is provided, while in the upper part of the scrubber there is an irrigation device consisting of at least four irrigation belts with nozzles that create an even stream of finely dispersed drops of liquid moving downward by gravity, and the lower part of the scrubber ending in a conical hopper, filled with water, the level of which is maintained constant, and the water supply to the irrigation belts is carried out through collectors that are located outside the scrubber and are made in the form of annular sections of pipe the wires connected to the supply pipelines with control valves, opposite which the washing valves are located, and the nozzles are connected to the collectors radially with a certain step through the tubes by means of damping inserts, the length of the tubes being selected so that the cross section of the scrubber body is completely blocked by nozzle spray torches, in each irrigation zone of the irrigation device, the optimal number of nozzles is established, and irrigation is carried out in four zones with the traveling direction of the nozzle torch: the lower zones - up, and the upper zones - down, while the efficient operation of the nozzle scrubber is carried out at optimal ratios of its parameters.

The disadvantage of this device is that in addition to spray nozzles, there are no other internal components for the homogenization of the gas flow in this device, which does not allow reaching standard cleaning indicators.

A device for absorbing individual components in gases is known (see RF patent No. 2631300 dated 09/20/2017 Bull. No. 26, such as polluting or recyclable materials, in which the absorbing solution is in contact with the gas in the absorption chamber, and the absorbing solution is supplied by spray nozzles into the absorption chamber, equipped with a gas distribution grid, causing turbulence of the flowing gas flow above the gas inlet, while spray nozzles are provided in the gas distribution grid, through an absorbent solution is introduced, the gas distribution grid being formed by a large number of pipes, the spray nozzles being located on the pipes, and the absorbing solution can be supplied to the absorption chamber through the pipes; at least some of the gas distribution spray nozzles are made in the form of shock-jet nozzles; spray nozzles directed upward, i.e. in the direction of gas flow; other spray nozzles directed downward, i.e. in the direction of enii opposite to the flow of gas; at least one spray grate is located above the gas distribution grille, through which the absorbent solution is also supplied to the absorption chamber; in each of the pipes there is a displacement core, the cross section of which expands in the direction of flow of the absorbent solution; displacement cores are also adapted for introducing flushing water.

The disadvantage of this device is that the flow of the solution with the nozzles up, as well as the fact that rinsing water is additionally introduced into the gas distribution grid, as a result of which droplet drop increases from the apparatus, the flow rate of the liquid increases, and subsequent equipment is deformed. In addition, the efficiency of flue gas purification from nitrogen oxides in this apparatus is approximately 30%.

The technical task is to reduce droplet drop and fluid flow due to the proposal of a device for the absorption of individual components, for example, polluting or recyclable materials, in gases, with a gas distribution grid consisting of metal plates on which a liquid film is formed, which increases the contact area of the gas with the liquid, thereby increasing the efficiency of gas cleaning; thus, the device according to the present invention includes a gas distribution grill with a large area of gas-liquid contact; therefore, the gas distribution grill performs the function of distributing and homogenizing the gas supply, forming a turbulent absorption and supply of the absorbing solution, and the grill also performs the function of cleaning and conditioning the contaminated gas passing through it.

The technical result of the present invention is achieved in that a device for the absorption of individual components in gases, such as polluting or recyclable materials, in which the absorbing solution is in contact with the gas in the absorption chamber, the absorbing solution being supplied by spray nozzles to the absorption chamber provided with a gas distribution grid causing turbulence the flow of inflowing gas above the gas inlet, while in the gas distribution grill are provided the nozzles through which the absorbent solution is introduced, wherein the gas distribution grill is formed by a large number of pipes, the spray nozzles being located on the pipes and the absorbent solution being supplied to the absorption chamber through the pipes; at least some of the spray nozzles of the gas distribution grill are made in the form of shock-jet nozzles; spray nozzles directed upward, that is, in the direction of gas flow; other spray nozzles are provided directed downward, that is, in the direction opposite to the gas flow; at least one spray grate is located above the gas distribution grille, through which the absorbent solution is also supplied to the absorption chamber; in each of the pipes there is a displacement core, the cross section of which expands in the direction of flow of the absorbent solution; displacement cores are also suitable for introducing flushing water, while the design of the gas distribution grill does not contain pipes and nozzles, and the grill itself consists entirely of metal corrosion-resistant plates; centrifugal jet nozzles directed downward; the flue gas outlet pipe is directed upwards; a counterweight grate is installed in the sump, which does not allow large fractions of sludge to pass to the nozzles; an ozone supply pipe is located on the gas inlet pipe.

In FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a flue gas purification apparatus according to the present invention; in FIG. 2 shows a top view of a gas distribution grill; in FIG. 3 shows a detail of the gas distribution grill in which the plates are located, in contrast to FIG. 2, on the side, relative to the wall of the tank; in FIG. 4 shows a portion of the counterweight grate.

The absorption device consists of a housing 1, a gas inlet 6 nozzle into the cylindrical absorption chamber 3, a gas distribution grid 7 located directly above the gas inlet 6 nozzle, the upper location of the flue gas outlet nozzle 2, the absorption solution supply pipe 5, the spray nozzles of the spray grate 4 in the upper part the absorption chamber 3, the settling tank 13 of the scrubber located under the nozzle of the gas inlet 6, the mixer 8, the inlet pipe of the fresh lime suspension 9, the discharge pipe 11 of the suspension stream, directly Actually, an ozone supply pipe 15 is located on the gas inlet pipe 6, a counterweight grate 10 of a settling tank 13 above the mixer 8. The gas distribution grid 7 includes a large number of individual metal corrosion-resistant plates 12 connected to each other by special cutouts, the gas distribution unit 7 is supported by the tank wall 14.

The device operates as follows.

Here, the flue gas flows through the pipe of the gas inlet 6 into the cylindrical absorption chamber 3 and deviates into a vertical upward flow. The flue gas passes through the absorption chamber 3 from the bottom up and exits through the nozzle of the outlet 2 of the flue gas. The gas distribution grill 7 is located directly above the pipe of the gas inlet 6. The gas distribution grill 7 includes a large number of individual metal corrosion-resistant plates 12 connected to each other by special cutouts. Due to the presence of the gas distribution grid 7, the flue gas is distributed more evenly in the absorption chamber, and as a result, a turbulent flow of the flue gas is created, which leads to more intensive mixing of the gas with the absorbent solution. The upper location of the outlet pipe 2 of the flue gas reduces droplets from the absorption chamber 3, thereby reducing fluid flow and the likelihood of damage to further equipment. The absorbent solution, in droplet contact with the flue gas, is fed through the supply pipe of the absorbent solutions 5 to the spray nozzles of the spray grid 4 in the upper part of the absorption chamber 3.

The scrubber sump 13 is located under the gas inlet pipe 6. The mixer 8 prevents the deposition of solid particles in the settler 13 of the scrubber and provides the necessary mixing. To maintain the stable operation of the entire scrubber system, a fresh lime suspension (absorbing solution) is introduced through the pipe 9 and the suspension stream is unloaded from the scrubber system through the discharge pipe 11 to extract the obtained cleaning products. Ozone supply pipe 15 is located directly on the gas inlet 6 connection pipe. This ozone supply pipe 15 feeds ozone to the gas inlet 6 connection pipe, oxidizing nitrogen oxides for their subsequent efficient capture. The gas distribution grill 7 includes a large number of metal plates 12 connected to each other by special cutouts in the plates. This is a kind of lattice design for turbulization, homogenization of the gas flow, capture of contaminated gas and its cooling. The counterweight grate 10 is located in the settling tank 13 above the mixer 8. It is designed to prevent a large amount of sludge solid particles from passing onto the spray nozzles of the spray grate 4 during operation of the mixer 8, which prevents the deposition of solid particles and their mixing.

The originality of this invention lies in the fact that the spray nozzles are preferably made in the form of centrifugal jet nozzles, since they are most effective for irrigation of hollow and nozzle apparatuses, since they can provide practically any advance solution distribution according to the profile of specific gas phase flows cross section of the apparatus; in this method, the spray nozzles should preferably point downward, i.e. against the direction of gas flow; the gas distribution grid is formed by a supporting structure or, for example, a large number of self-supporting plates, the plates being interconnected by cuts in the plates themselves, which in turn can be attached to the walls of the body of the absorbent chamber, and the absorbing solution falling onto the surface of the plates forms a liquid film; as a result, the cleaning performance of the device is improved.

Claims (1)

A device for absorbing individual components in gases, such as polluting or recyclable materials, in which the absorbing solution is in contact with the gas in the absorption chamber, wherein the absorbing solution is supplied by spray nozzles to an absorption chamber provided with a gas distribution grid, causing a flow of gas to flow over the gas inlet, spray nozzles are provided directed downward, that is, in the direction opposite to the gas flow, above the gas distribution p at least one spray grate is located with the grating, through which the absorbent solution is fed into the absorption chamber, characterized in that the gas distribution grate consists entirely of corrosion-resistant metal plates, centrifugal jet nozzles directed downward, outlet nozzles are used as spray nozzles of the spray grate the flue gas is directed upward, a counterweight grate is installed in the sump, which does not allow large fractions of sludge to pass to the nozzles, on the nozzle in ode gas is ozone supply pipe.

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