RU2713671C1 - Steamer-convective apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of heat equipment for public catering enterprises, in particular, to the steam and convective devices, and can be used both independently and as part of a process line for food products preparation. Steam-and-convective apparatus comprises a housing and a heat-insulated working chamber, mounted on a base, a door, a control panel, a fan, heating elements installed around the fan, a water supply and water disposal system, shelves, a steam generator, which is made with a foam separator in the form of a cylindrical housing inserted into the steam generator from above so, that the upper part of the cylindrical foam separator housing is protruding above the upper surface of the steam generator, and its lower part is located in internal volume of steam generator, in side surface of cylindrical housing is made tangential branch pipe of steam and water foam, in upper part of cylindrical housing there is an axial branch pipe for steam output cleaned from water foam, and lower part of cylindrical housing is made with branch pipe for foam emulsion drainage and water.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of the steam and convective device due to efficient removal of steam from the water entering the working chamber and, as a result, production of high-quality products with preservation of their high organoleptical properties.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to the field of thermal equipment for public catering enterprises, in particular, to steam-convection devices and can be used both independently and as part of a technological line for cooking food, it is also possible to use it as a household device for cooking food .

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a steam-convection apparatus (Patent No. 67420, A47J 27/04, publ. 10/27/2007 Bull. No. 30), comprising a housing and a heat-insulated working chamber installed on the base, door, control panel, fan, heating elements installed around the fan, water supply and sanitation system, shelf holders, steam generator.

Disadvantages of the prototype: a water foam breaker made in the steam generator does not allow the separation of foam from water, so the entry of steam into the heat-insulated working chamber is accompanied by the ingress of water foam in the form of water splashes, which causes the products being prepared in the working chamber to get wet, significantly reducing quality (organoleptic properties ) cooked products.

The technical problem of the steam-convection convection apparatus is that when the device is operating in steam modes, a steam generator that does not have a separator, together with the steam, releases water foam, which falls into the working chamber in the form of water splashes and, consequently, on cooked products. The water which has got on the prepared products significantly reduces their quality and presentation, the products are spoiled due to their getting wet.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is to increase the efficiency of the steam-convection apparatus, which is achieved due to the fact that steam (effectively) maximally purified from water foam enters the working chamber of the device, because the steam generator is made with a foam separator, as a result, the production of high quality products with good presentation (while maintaining the organoleptic properties).

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a steam-convection apparatus containing a casing and a heat-insulated working chamber installed on the base, a door, a control panel, a fan, heating elements installed around the fan, a water supply and drainage system, shelf holders, a steam generator, the steam generator having a foam separator in the form of a cylindrical body inserted into the steam generator from above so that the upper part of the cylindrical body of the foam separator is protruding above the upper the top of the steam generator, and its lower part is located in the internal volume of the steam generator, in the lateral surface of the cylindrical body there is a tangential nozzle for steam and water foam inlet, in the upper part of the cylindrical body there is an axial nozzle for steam outlet cleaned from water foam, and the lower part of the cylindrical body is made drain pipe emulsion foam and water. In this case, all the nozzles of the foam separator body are cylindrical in shape. In this case, the discharge pipe of the foamy emulsion and water is made curved.

New significant distinguishing features of the claimed technical solution are the following features:

- the steam generator is made with a foam separator in the form of a cylindrical body inserted into the steam generator from above so that the upper part of the cylindrical body of the foam separator is protruding above the upper surface of the steam generator, and the lower part is located in the inner volume of the steam generator;

- the implementation of the cylindrical body of the separator with a tangential nozzle for the inlet of steam and water foam inserted into its lateral surface;

- execution in the upper part of the cylindrical separator body of the axial nozzle of the steam outlet, purified from water foam;

- the implementation of the lower part of the cylindrical body with inserted into it pipe discharge emulsion foam and water.

The combination of new significant distinguishing features with the well-known features of the prior art is sufficient to obtain the technical result provided by the invention, which consists in increasing the efficiency of the steam-convection apparatus by feeding steam completely free of water foam into the working chamber and, as a result, obtaining high-quality products with good presentation.

The essence of the invention, its feasibility and the possibility of industrial application are illustrated by drawings, which show:

in FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional general view of a steam-convection apparatus (left view);

in FIG. 2 is a rear view of a steam-convection apparatus (without a back cover);

in FIG. 3, 4 - vertical and horizontal sections of the steam generator;

in FIG. 5 - steam-convection apparatus of axonometric projection.

In the drawings presented, the following notation:

1 - case;

2 - working (thermally insulated) chamber;

3 - base;

4 - a door with a handle;

5 - partition (intermediate wall);

6 - fan;

7 - heating elements (air heating elements);

8 - electric motor;

9 - temperature sensor;

10 - controller relay board;

11 - thermal switch;

12 - shelf holders;

13 - gastronome containers;

14 - tray for collecting moisture;

15 - outlet pipe;

16 - control panel;

17 - cable sealed entry;

18 - the electromagnetic valve;

19 - steam generator;

20- foam separator;

21 - sealed tank;

22 - pipe for supplying water to the steam generator;

23 - pipe for draining waste water from the steam generator, with a plug;

24 - drain pipe into the sewer from the working chamber and the door tray;

25 - heat insulating material;

26 - water heating elements;

27 - a long electrode;

28 - short electrode;

29 - tangential pipe inlet of steam and foam;

30 - curvilinear pipe of discharge of foamy emulsion and water;

31 - axial pipe outlet to the working chamber of the steam purified from foam;

32 - cylindrical separator body;

33 - thermal switch of the steam generator.

Steam-convection apparatus (Fig. 1, 2, 5) contains placed in the housing 1 (Fig. 1, 5) made of stainless steel according to GOST 5632-2014, a working (heat-insulated) chamber 2 (made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example , grade 12X18H10T) installed on the basis of 3 (Fig. 1). For access and sealing of the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) on the front side of the housing 1 there is a door 4 with glass and a handle (not shown in Fig.).

The internal volume of the working chamber 2 is divided into two zones: a technological zone (not shown in FIG.) And a working zone (not shown in FIG.) Using a partition 5 (FIG. 1), i.e. wall intermediate. A fan 6 (an impeller with a drive) is installed in the technological zone, around which there are heating elements 7 (tubular air electric heating elements - heating elements according to GOST 13268-88, for example, in the amount of two pieces), designed to heat the air in the working chamber 2 (Fig. fifteen). The heating elements 7 (Fig. 1) are located at an equal distance from the fan 6 in order to ensure uniform heating of the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) and, accordingly, improve the quality of the cooked products. The start of the fan drive 6 (Fig. 1), carried out from a standard electric motor 8 with a power of, for example, 0.37 kW and mounted on the rear wall of the technological zone (not shown in Fig.) Of the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5), occurs according to the laid in device algorithm. The air circulation in the working chamber 2 is provided by the suction by the fan 6 (Fig. 1) of air from the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) and forcing it back using thermal energy received from the heating elements 7 (Fig. 1). Temperature control in the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) is carried out using a temperature sensor 9 (Fig. 1), the contacts of which are connected to the controller 10 (relay board). When the temperature (plus) of 320 ° C is reached in the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5), the working element of the thermal switch 11 (Fig. 2) de-energizes the control circuit, preventing the temperature overheating of the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) and an emergency in a steamer and convection apparatus. In the working area (not shown in Fig.), There are shelf holders 12 (Fig. 1) in the form of vertical racks for installing gastronome containers 13, for example, in the amount of six pieces, as well as a multi-zone probe (not shown in Fig.) On a special bracket (on Fig. not shown), which determines the internal temperature of the product. Moisture collection from door 4 (Fig. 1, 5) takes place in tray 14. A lamp is mounted in door 4 (not shown in FIG.), For example, BJB 77.705.U103.23-25, designed to illuminate the working chamber 2.

The working chamber 2 is connected to the external environment through the outlet atmospheric pipe 15 (Fig. 2), through which the exhaust steam enters the surrounding atmosphere.

The electrical equipment of the claimed device is located under the upper wall (not shown in FIG.), And for cooling the electronic units there are two fans (not shown in FIG.).

The operation of the steam-convection convection apparatus is carried out using the control panel 16 (Fig. 1, 5) control, which is performed on the front surface of the housing 1.

The power supply to the steam-convection convection apparatus is carried out through a cable hermetic inlet 17 (Fig. 2), made on the rear surface of the claimed device.

The controller 10 (Fig. 1) consists of two boards: a controller display board (not shown in Fig.), Which is located behind the control panel 16 (Fig. 1, 5) and a relay board (not shown in Fig.) Of the controller mounted on mounting panel (not shown in FIG.). Indication board and relay board are connected through a flat cable (not shown in Fig.).

The water supply and wastewater system of the claimed device contains a solenoid valve 18 (Fig. 2) of the water level in the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2), a sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3) with a long electrode 27 (Fig. 4) and a short electrode 28 ( Fig. 3, 4), a temperature switch 33 (Fig. 4) of the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2), a pipe 22 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) of supplying water to the steam generator 19 (Fig. 2), and also a plug 24 (Fig. 2) draining water into the sewer from the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) and the door tray 4, there is also a pipe 23 (Fig. 2, 4) with a plug for draining the waste water from the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2 ) A pipe 22 (Fig. 2, 3, 4) for supplying water from the water supply network and a pipe 23 (Fig. 2, 4) with a plug for draining the waste water are made from the outside of the sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3). To bring to the water supply and sewerage systems, hoses are used in the device (not shown in FIG.). The steam-convective apparatus is connected to the water supply system through a water-softening hydrogen-ion exchange unit, for example, BRITA PURITY С150 Quell ST.

The steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) has a foam separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3), which is made welded into its upper surface by means of semi-automatic welding according to GOST 14771-76. The steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) generates and provides steam to the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) for various given modes of the device. The steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) is a sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3) made of welded stainless steel (for example, 12X18H10T), which is externally coated with heat-insulating material 25, for example, mineral wool NPB-6 according to GOST 4640-2011 . The steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) provides heating of the water with the help of heating elements 26 (Fig. 4) (“water” heating elements) located inside the sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3), where there are also water level control electrodes: a long electrode 27 (Fig. 4) and a short electrode 28 (Fig. 3, 4). A short electrode 28 (Fig. 3, 4) controls the upper water level in the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2). A long electrode 27 (Fig. 4) controls the lower water level in the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2). The water level in the steam generator 19 is maintained automatically by means of an electromagnetic valve 18 (FIG. 2). When the water level in the tank 21 (Fig. 3) drops below a predetermined value (i.e., the short and long electrodes 27, 28 - see Figs. 3, 4), the controller 10 (Fig. 1) gives a signal to turn it on and off the electromagnetic valve 18 (Fig. 2), which opens and the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) is filled with water. When the water rises in the tank 21 (Fig. 3) to the upper level, the controller 10 (Fig. 1) gives a signal to turn off the electromagnetic valve 18 (Fig. 2), which closes and the water supply stops.

The separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) of the foam is made in the form of a cylindrical body 32 (Fig. 3) made of 08X15H5 stainless steel according to GOST 5582-75, inserted into the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) from above so that the upper part of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) the foam is protruding above the upper surface (not shown in FIG.) of the sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3) of the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) and has a height equal to, for example, 63 mm, and the lower part is cylindrical case 32 (Fig. 3) of the foam separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) is located in the internal volume of the sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3) of the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2). The cylindrical housing 32 (FIG. 3) of the separator 20 (FIG. 2) has a diameter of 50.8 mm and a height of 131 mm. The separator 20 (FIG. 2, 3) of the foam of the steam generator 19 (FIG. 1, 2) is made with nozzles 29, 30, 31 (FIG. 3, 4) of 08X15H5 stainless steel according to GOST 5582-75, welded into it by means of semi-automatic welding according to GOST 14771-76: in its lateral surface (not shown in FIG.) it is made welded (as shown in FIGS. 3, 4) to a depth of 14 mm, a tangential nozzle 29 for steam and foam inlet, having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 27 mm; curved pipe 30 (Fig. 3) draining the foam emulsion and water, made by bending the pipe at an angle of 120 ° and having a diameter of 10 mm, is made welded to the lower part of the separator 20 (Fig. 2), where the length of the curved pipe 30 to the bend is 45.8 mm, and its total length is 116 mm; in the upper part there is a welded axial pipe 31 (Fig. 3) of the outlet into the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) of steam purified from water foam, which has a diameter equal to 22 mm and a length protruding above the upper surface of the separator 20 (Fig. . 2, 3), equal to 32 mm. The lower part of the curved pipe 30 (FIG. 3) is located in the volume of water located in the sealed tank 21 as shown in FIG. 3. The sealed tank 21 and the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) of the foam represent a single welded structure made by semi-automatic welding according to GOST 14771-76. The tangential branch pipe 29 (FIGS. 3, 4) is made directly below the upper surface (not shown in FIG.) Of the sealed tank 21 as shown in FIG. 3. The axis of symmetry (not shown in FIG.) Of the tangential pipe 29 (FIG. 3, 4) is eccentric with respect to the axis of symmetry (not shown in FIG.) Of the cylindrical body 32 (FIG. 3) of the separator 20 (FIG. 2, 3). The axial pipe 31 (Fig. 3) is made coaxially with the cylindrical body 32 of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3). All nozzles 29, 30, 31 (Fig. 3, 4) have a cylindrical shape. The lower surface of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) ends at a height of 25 mm above the surface of the water located in the sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3).

To prevent an emergency situation when the automatic water supply system fails in a sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3) of the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2), a thermal switch 33 (Fig. 4) is installed, which, when the temperature in the steam generator reaches 160 ° C, turns off the steam-convection apparatus.

When you turn on the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2) with a foam separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) in operation, the water inside the sealed tank 21 (Fig. 3), under the influence of the heating elements 26 (Fig. 4), heats up and boils to boiling point. During boiling, water foam forms on the surface of the water and steam is released, which under pressure enters through the inlet tangential pipe 29 (Fig. 3, 4) into the cylindrical part of the housing 32 (Fig. 3) of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) and acquire rotational motion (a swirling flow is created). As you move along the inner surface of the housing 32 (Fig. 3) of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3), the water foam under the influence of centrifugal force exfoliates into a liquid film flowing along the inner surface of the housing 32 (Fig. 3) of the separator 20 (Fig. 2 , 3), layers of foam emulsion and steam. The resulting film of liquid under the action of gravity is displaced by a stream in the form of drops and jets through a curved pipe 30 (Fig. 3) discharge into the fluid volume of the steam generator 19 (Fig. 1, 2). Due to their kinetic energy, droplets and jets of liquid further destroy the water foam moving in a spiral in the inner part of the housing 32 (Fig. 3) of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3). In this case, the humidity and density of the foam in this zone increases, which contributes to a more intensive centrifugal sedimentation of the liquid phase of the foam and its separation and further further downward movement and removal through the curvilinear discharge pipe 30 (Fig. 3). The steam purified from the water foam from the central part of the housing 32 of the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) enters upward through the cylindrical axial pipe 31 (Fig. 3) of the steam outlet from the separator 20 (Fig. 2, 3) into the working chamber 2 (Fig. 1, 5) devices.

Condensate vapor formed in the working chamber 2 and on the door 4, enters the pipe 24 (Fig. 2) to drain into the sewer.

The claimed device operates as follows. The steam-convection apparatus is installed in a well-ventilated room and connected to the water supply, sewerage and power supply systems: close the door 4 (Fig. 1, 5) of the working chamber 2 and set the tap (not shown) of the water supply to the “Open” position; supply power to the steam-convection apparatus by turning on the circuit breaker (not shown in FIG.) in stationary wiring, while the on / off button LED is lit on the control panel 16 (FIG. 1, 5), all other LEDs and indicators are off . To turn on the steam-convection convection apparatus, press the On / Off button on the control panel 16: release the On / Off LED (not shown), the lamp (not shown) of the working chamber 2 turns on, the LED lights up the last selected mode, which was before turning off or entering standby mode, the “Temperature”, “Time / Probe” / “Probe” and “Humidity” / “Time” indicators light up. Then, select the cooking mode by pressing and release the button “more” or “less” of the required mode (on f d. not shown.) To change the value of the operating parameters, the operator can press and release the button with the parameter (“Temperature in the chamber”, “Time / Probe” or “Timer”) of the control panel 16 (Fig. 1, 5). Next, download the product in the working chamber 2, installing the probe (not shown in Fig.) in the cooked product.To start the steam-convection convection apparatus into operation, press and release the "Start / Stop" button located on the control panel 16 (Fig. 1, 5). To exit the mode, press and release the button with the symbol "M". When door 4 is opened, the operation of the device is suspended — fan 6 (Fig. 1) stops and heating elements 7 are turned off. After the end of operation, the steam-convection apparatus is turned off by pressing and releasing the On / Off button. Next, the steam-convection apparatus is de-energized by setting the circuit breaker in the stationary wiring to the “On” position (not shown in Fig.), Open door 4 (Figs. 1, 5) and turn off the water supply taps.

The algorithm of the steam-convection convection apparatus allows you to select one of the following operating modes:

- “Convection” mode (dry heating): heating occurs due to air heating elements without supplying steam to the working chamber, temperature setting range in the working chamber (plus) (30-270) ° С, humidity in the working chamber is not set;

- “Convection + Steam” mode (combined mode): heating occurs due to the simultaneous operation of air heating elements and water heating elements, the temperature setting range in the working chamber (plus) (30-250) ° С, the humidity in the working chamber is set from 0% to 100% in increments of 10;

- “Steam heating” mode: heating occurs due to the simultaneous operation of air heating elements and water heating elements, the temperature setting range in the working chamber (plus) (30-160) ° С, the humidity in the working chamber is not regulated, 100% humidity is set ;

- “Low temperature steam” mode: temperature setting range in the working chamber (plus) (30-98) ° С;

- “Steam” mode: heating occurs due to water heating elements.

Changing the operating modes of the steam-convection apparatus and cooking parameters is carried out by the operator by pressing the corresponding button on the control panel 16.

In contrast to the prototype, where a foam chipper is used in the steam generator, which accumulates water foam from boiling water and breaks in the form of water splashes through the steam outlet pipe into the working chamber of the device, which leads to spoilage of baked products, including their presentation, the steam generator of the proposed technical solution has a foam separator in the form of a cylindrical body inserted into the steam generator from above so that the upper part of the cylindrical body of the foam separator is protruding above the upper surface steam generator, and the lower part of the cylindrical body of the foam separator is located in the inner volume of the steam generator, a tangential inlet of steam and water foam is made in the lateral surface of the cylindrical body, in the upper part of the cylindrical body there is an axial nozzle of steam outlet, cleaned of water foam, and the lower part of the cylindrical the casing is made with a nozzle for draining the foam emulsion and water, which allows efficiently (as much as possible) to clean steam from the water foam leaving the steam generator to the working space measure, thereby increasing the efficiency of the device by preserving the organoleptic properties (quality) of the finished product, also increasing the reliability of the claimed device, which is achieved due to the possibility of preparing high-quality food products that "leave" the device without getting wet, i.e. having a good presentation and fully satisfying the requirements of consumers.

The proposed device contributes to the solution of technological problems that are presented to devices for public catering enterprises, which increases consumer demand in the modern market.

All components of the claimed technical solution are interconnected by assembly operations, i.e. are in functional constructive unity.

The implementation of the proposed invention with a made foam separator in a steam generator of a steam-convection apparatus allows to solve the claimed technical problem and ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result. The proposed technical solution, having constructive unity, implements a general functional purpose (functional unity).

The proposed technical solution does not explicitly follow from the prior art. In the process of patent search, no technical solutions were found that coincided with its essential distinguishing features, therefore, it satisfies the patentability condition “inventive step”.

In the prior art, no analogue was found, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

The applicant tested the claimed steam-convection apparatus, which confirmed its purpose, feasibility and efficiency, in this regard, the claimed invention meets the patentability condition "industrial applicability".

Claims (3)

1. A steam-convection apparatus containing a body and a heat-insulated working chamber mounted on the base, a door, a control panel, a fan, heating elements installed around the fan, a water supply and drainage system, shelf holders, a steam generator, characterized in that the steam generator has a foam separator in the form of a cylindrical body inserted into the steam generator from above so that the upper part of the cylindrical body of the foam separator is made protruding above the upper surface of the steam generator a, and its lower part is located in the internal volume of the steam generator, in the lateral surface of the cylindrical body there is a tangential nozzle for steam and water foam inlet, in the upper part of the cylindrical body there is an axial nozzle for steam outlet cleaned from water foam, and the lower part of the cylindrical body is made with a nozzle discharge of foamy emulsion and water. 2. Steam-convection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that all the nozzles of the foam separator body are cylindrical. 3. Steam-convection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nozzle for draining the foam emulsion and water is made curved.

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