RU2712067C1 - Method of determining human resistance to high nitrogen partial pressures by changing the speed of processing information in a visual analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, particularly to marine medicine. Proof test is carried out with Landolt rings under the supervision of a medical worker in a pressure chamber at normal pressure and at an excess pressure of 7 kgf/cm. At that, on the blank of the proofing sample with Landolt rings there are 1020 rings – 30 rings in a row, each ring has a fracture in one of four directions, for example, when the clock face is oriented, the fracture can be located in direction of 1, 3, 7, 9 o'clock. During the test, the person being tested shall recognize and mark out the rings with the specified fracture positions only: at 3 and 7 o'clock. Further, the processing speed of the information in the visual analyzer is calculated using the claimed formula. Then, the proof sample with Landolt rings is performed under conditions of excess air pressure equal to 7.0 kgf/cm, in a pressure chamber under medical supervision, but with another combination of rings with fractures for 1 and 9 o'clock. Processing speed of the information in the visual analyzer is calculated at excess pressure according to the claimed formula. After that calculating index ΔA is degree of change of speed of processing information, %. By indicator ΔA is defined as human resistance to action of high partial nitrogen pressures, RNP. If RNP less than 0.265 of the person being tested is referred to as unstable, and if RH is 0.265 or more, the person being tested is considered to be resistant to high nitrogen partial pressures.EFFECT: invention can be used to determine human resistance to action of high partial nitrogen pressures.1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine, in particular marine medicine, can be used in the practice of diving medicine to determine a person’s resistance to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures, by evaluating the data obtained by measuring the processing speed of information in a visual analyzer.

Determination of resistance to high partial nitrogen pressures is one of the important measures to ensure the safety and effectiveness of professional activities when a person is working under water. The significance of the determination of stability is due to the fact that, at depths of more than 30 meters, when breathing air in people with unstable to the action of high partial pressures of nitrogen, pronounced changes in the function of the central nervous system occur. These changes are manifested primarily by excitation, and at very high partial pressures above 720 kPa, by inhibition in the central nervous system, both effects can lead to a vital threat.

A known method for determining the degree of individual resistance to decompression sickness (DB) by evaluating clinical data, characterized in that the clinical data are evaluated in male divers aged 20-30 years, obtained when determining the state of body functions, carried out 30 minutes before and after 30 minutes after leaving the pressure chamber: immersion to a depth of 30 meters, staying at this depth for 1 hour and decompression for 63 minutes, while determining the indicators characterizing the state of the central nervous and cardiovascular system sudistoy system then determines an index of resistance to DB (IUDB). (Patent 2505952 C1 Russian Federation, IPC А01В 5/02; А61В 5/16. Method for determining the degree of individual resistance to decompression sickness of male divers aged 20-30 years / A.Yu. Shitov, A.A. Myasnikov, B. L. Makeev; No. 2012153187/14; claimed 07.12.2012; publ. 02/10/2014 // Inventions. Utility models: official bulletin - M .: FIPS, 2014. - No. 4.) In addition, a method for determining individual resistance to decompression sickness. This method is based on the study of heart rate at rest and during physical activity. At the same time, the number of gas bubbles in the venous blood flow captured by ultrasound (ultrasound equipment is used) and the level of intravascular gas generation are calculated by the formula (Patent 2370204 C2 Russian Federation, IPC А61В 5/00. Method for determining the degree of individual resistance to decompression illness / A.A. Myasnikov, A.Yu. Shitov, A.V. Starovoit, A.V. Starkov; GOU VPO Military Medical Academy named after S.M.Kirov. - No. 2006139481/14; declared 07.11.2006; published on 20.10.2009 / / Inventions. Utility Models: Official Bulletin - Moscow: FIPS, 2009. - No. 29). These works are not directly related to the invention, because they evaluate resistance to decompression sickness, and not to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures.

The literature describes methods for determining resistance to high partial nitrogen pressures. These methods are also aimed at determining the resistance to the effects of high partial nitrogen pressures, but have different names - the “toxic” or “narcotic” actions of nitrogen. The difference in concepts is related to the nature of the influence of high partial nitrogen pressures on a person, in connection with which various definitions of its name are given. The described methods do not imply a quick and simple determination of a person’s resistance to high partial nitrogen pressures, they are difficult to perform and dangerous because of prolonged exposure to extreme pressure (Polikarpochkin, A.N. increase: dis. ... candidate of medical sciences / A.N. Polikarpochkin. Baku and L., 1991. - 263 p .; Klenkov, I.R. Physiological substantiation of the criteria for resistance of the human body to toxic the effect of high partial nitrogen pressures / I.R. Klenkov, D.P. Zverev, Yu.M. Bobrov, A.N. Polikarpochkin // Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy: XII All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “Actual Clinic Issues, for the diagnosis and treatment of patients in a multidisciplinary medical institution. ”- 2018. - No. 2 (61). - P. 123 .; Rules of the Diving Service of the Navy (PVS Navy-2002) / Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. M.: Military Publishing, 2004. - Part II. - 176 pp .; Rules for the Diving Service of the Navy (PVS Navy-1985) / USSR Ministry of Defense. M .: Military Publishing House, 2004 .-- Part III. - 199 p.). In addition, the proposed invention does not evaluate a large amount of clinical data and does not require the involvement of medical equipment. Moreover, the methods described in the literature do not allow one to quickly, in a screening mode, evaluate a person's resistance to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures.

The basis of the invention is the creation of a more accurate method for determining the stability of a person to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures by changing the speed of information processing in the visual analyzer.

The aim of the invention is the determination of human resistance to high partial pressure of nitrogen.

The goal is achieved in that a method is used to determine human resistance to high partial nitrogen pressures by changing the processing speed of information in a visual analyzer, characterized in that a corrective test is performed with Landolt rings under the supervision of a medical worker in a pressure chamber at normal pressure and at an overpressure of 7 kgf / cm ² .

On the proof sheet with Landolt rings there are 1020 rings — 30 rings in a row, each ring has a gap in one of four directions. Focusing on the dial of the watch, the gap can be located in the direction of 1, 3, 7, 9 hours. When performing the test, the subject should recognize and cross out only the rings with the given break positions: for 3 and 7 hours, then the speed of processing the information in the visual analyzer is calculated using the following formula:

And _ref = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c ,

where A _ref is the information processing speed in the visual analyzer at normal pressure, bit / s; N is the number of rings viewed during the proofreading test; n is the number of errors in the process of proof-reading; t _c - time to complete the proof test in seconds.

Then, a proofing test with Landolt rings is carried out under conditions of an excess air pressure of 7.0 kgf / cm ² in a pressure chamber under the supervision of a medical professional, but with a different combination of rings with gaps of 1 and 9 hours, and the processing speed of the information in the visual analyzer with excess pressure And _huts according to the formula:

A _hut = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c

where A _hut - information processing speed in the visual analyzer under overpressure conditions, bit / s; N is the number of rings viewed during the proofreading test; n is the number of errors in the process of proof-reading; t _c - time to complete the proof test in seconds.

Then calculate the indicator ΔA - the degree of change in the speed of information processing,%:

ΔA = _{(A-G ref} -A) / A _ref) × 100

Then, the ΔA indicator determines the human resistance to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures, UDD:

UDD = 1.733 + 0.068 × ΔA,

where ΔА is the degree of change in the speed of information processing,%;

and when the UDD value is less than 0.265, the testee is classified as unstable, and when the HC value is 0.265 or more, the testee is classified as resistant to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures.

The proposed solution is fundamentally new, since it only uses a proof test with Landolt rings, carried out for 3 minutes and takes into account the minimum required number of parameters characterizing the activity of the central nervous system, which provides a screening, accurate and quick assessment of human resistance to action high partial pressures of nitrogen.

The method is implemented as follows:

A method is used to determine human resistance to high partial nitrogen pressures by changing the processing speed of information in a visual analyzer, characterized in that a corrective test is performed with Landolt rings under the supervision of a medical professional in a pressure chamber at normal pressure and at an overpressure of 7 kgf / cm ² .

On the proof sheet with Landolt rings there are 1020 rings — 30 rings in a row, each ring has a gap in one of four directions. Focusing on the dial of the watch, the gap can be located in the direction of 1, 3, 7, 9 hours. When performing the test, the subject should recognize and cross out only the rings with the given break positions: for 3 and 7 hours, then the speed of processing the information in the visual analyzer is calculated using the following formula:

And _ref = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c ,

where A _ref is the information processing speed in the visual analyzer at normal pressure, bit / s; N is the number of rings viewed during the proofreading test; n is the number of errors in the process of proof-reading; t _c - time to complete the proof test in seconds.

Then, a proofing test with Landolt rings is carried out under conditions of an excess air pressure of 7.0 kgf / cm ² in a pressure chamber under the supervision of a medical professional, but with a different combination of rings with gaps of 1 and 9 hours, and the processing speed of the information in the visual analyzer with excess pressure And _huts according to the formula:

A _hut = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c .

where A _hut - information processing speed in the visual analyzer under overpressure conditions, bit / s; N is the number of rings viewed during the proofreading test; n is the number of errors in the process of proof-reading; t _c - time to complete the proof test in seconds.

Then calculate the indicator ΔA - the degree of change in the speed of information processing,%:

ΔA = _{(A-G ref} -A) / A _ref) × 100

Then, the ΔA indicator determines the human resistance to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures, UDD:

UDD = 1.733 + 0.068 × ΔA,

where ΔА is the degree of change in the speed of information processing,%;

and when the UDD value is less than 0.26547, the testee is classified as unstable, and when the HC value is 0.26547 and more, the testee is classified as resistant to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures.

For example, it is necessary to determine the resistance of divers to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures in two divers: “D”, “B”. To do this, divers are placed in a pressure chamber and under normal pressure, under the supervision of a medical professional, they perform a proof-test with Landolt rings for 3 minutes, then the speed of processing the information in the visual analyzer is calculated using the following formula:

And _ref = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c ,

Moreover, the diver "D" obtained the following results:

N - 293

n - 18

When using the formula we get:

And _ref = (0.5436 × 293-2.807 × 18) / 180,

thus, the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer A _ref , in the pressure chamber at normal pressure, for the diver “D” will be 0.604.

The diver "B" obtained the following results:

N - 256

n - 15

When using the formula we get:

And _ref = (0.5436 × 256-2.807 × 15) / 180,

therefore, the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer A _ref , in the pressure chamber at normal pressure, for the diver "B" will be - 0.539.

After that, the air pressure in the pressure chamber is increased to 7.0 kgf / cm ² and at this pressure for 3 minutes the divers perform a proof test with Landolt rings, then the speed of processing the information in the visual analyzer is calculated using the following formula:

A _hut = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c ,

Moreover, the diver "D" obtained the following results:

N - 275

n - 26

When using the formula we get:

A _hut = (0.5436 × 275-2.807 × 26) / 180,

Thus, the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer A _hut , in the pressure chamber at elevated pressure, at the diver "D" will be - 0.425.

The diver "B" obtained the following results:

N - 248

n - 18

When using the formula we get:

A _hut = (0.5436 × 248-2.807 × 18) / 180,

therefore, the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer A _hut , in the pressure chamber at elevated pressure, at the diver "B" will be - 0.468.

After that, we calculate ΔА - the degree of change in the rate of information processing,%:

ΔA = _{(A-G ref} -A) / A _ref) × 100

At the diver "D" it will be:

ΔA = (0.425-0.604) / 0.604) × 100

ΔA = -29.636

At the diver "B" it will be:

ΔA = (0.468-0.539) / 0.539) × 100

ΔA = -13.173

After that, the resistance of divers to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures is determined by the speed of information processing in the visual analyzer, UDD:

UDD = 1.733 + 0.068 × ΔA,

At the diver "D" it will be:

UDD = 1.733 + 0.068 × (-29.636)

UDD = 1.733-2.015

UDD = -0.282

At the diver "B" it will be:

UDD = 1.733 + 0.068 × (-13.173)

UDD = 1.733-0.896

UDD = 0.837

Based on the results obtained, diver “D” will be unstable, and diver “B” will be resistant to high partial nitrogen pressures.

Thus, by changing the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer, by evaluating the data obtained when measuring the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer, a person is determined to be resistant to high partial nitrogen pressures.

Claims (11)

A method for determining a person’s resistance to high partial nitrogen pressures by changing the processing speed of information in a visual analyzer, characterized in that a corrective test is performed with Landolt rings under the supervision of a medical professional in a pressure chamber at normal pressure and at an overpressure of 7 kgf / cm ² , while 1020 rings are placed on the proof sheet with Landolt rings — 30 rings in a row, each ring has a gap in one of four directions, for example, when oriented to the dial hours, the gap may be positioned in the direction of 1, 3, 7, 9 hours; when performing the test, the subject must recognize and cross out only the rings with the specified break positions: for 3 and 7 hours; then calculate the speed of information processing in the visual analyzer according to the following formula: And _ref = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c , where A _ref is the information processing speed in the visual analyzer at normal pressure, bit / s; N is the number of rings viewed during the proofreading test; n is the number of errors in the process of proof-reading; t _c - time to complete the proof test in seconds; then a proofing test with Landolt rings is carried out under conditions of an excess air pressure of 7.0 kgf / cm ² in a pressure chamber under the supervision of a medical professional, but with a different combination of rings with gaps of 1 and 9 hours, and the processing speed of information in the visual analyzer is calculated at excess pressure A _huts according to the formula A _hut = (0.5436 × N-2.807 × n) / t _c , where A _hut - information processing speed in the visual analyzer under overpressure conditions, bit / s; N is the number of rings viewed during the proofreading test; n is the number of errors in the process of proof-reading; t _c - time to complete the proofreading test in seconds, after which the indicator ΔA is calculated - the degree of change in the speed of information processing,%: ΔA = _{(A-G ref} -A) / A _ref) × 100 then, according to the ΔA indicator, a person's resistance to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures, UDD is determined: UDD = 1.733 + 0.068 × ΔA, where ΔА is the degree of change in the speed of information processing,%; and when the UDD value is less than 0.265, the testee is classified as unstable, and when the HC value is 0.265 or more, the testee is classified as resistant to the action of high partial nitrogen pressures.