RU2710867C1 - Method of protecting a crew and equipment of a ground armored transport facility with a self-propelled wheeled habitable evacocapsule - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of protecting a crew of a ground armored transport facility with self-propelled manned evacocapsule. Above ground armored transport complex comprises self-propelled manned evacocapsule (3). Evacocapsule is equipped with suspension (5) with elastic and damping elements and is installed with support wheels at bottom (2) of housing of base caterpillar vehicle (1). When the complex is moving, rigidity (C') of wheel running gear (4) of evacocapsule (3) is less than stiffness (C) in its evacuation mode with immobilized caterpillar vehicle (1). At the same time damping factor (μ') of wheel chassis (4) of evacocapsule (3) is set higher than coefficient of damping (μ) of wheel chassis (4) of evacocapsule (3) in mode of its evacuation with immobilized caterpillar vehicle (1). At that, provision is made for the possibility of deflecting bottom (2) of latter (1) without a complete clearance (K>0) evacocapsule (3) and breakdown of its suspension (5). There are a number of additional sets of essential features of the method: can reduce pressure of fluid medium, in particular air, in tires of evacocapsule (3) wheels (4); can quickly adjust pressure of fluid medium in tire wheels (4) of evacocapsule (3) depending on road profile and speed of movement of complex.EFFECT: higher protection of crew and equipment of ground transport complex in combat and other emergency conditions.3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to tank building, specifically to armored ground transportation systems, in particular, to their vibration resistance and their mine protection.

To conduct anti-terrorist or military operations on built-up areas, armored vehicles and transport complexes are used [1. RU 2270111 C1, B60R 1/00, 02.20.2006; 2. RU 2405689 C2, B60R 1/00, 01/20/2010; 3. RU 2176199 C1, B60R 1/00, H04N 7/18, G08G 1/04, 11/27/2011].

If they are defeated by the enemy or other failure, the surviving and wounded crew members are evacuated on foot or on their own, with the involvement of other, third-party technical means.

Recently, there has been a layout tendency to place the entire crew in a heavily armored capsule [4. RU 2138004 C1, F41H 7/00, 09/20/1999; 5. The predecessor of the tank "Armata" / Andrei Vasiliev. URL: http://rufor.org/ showthread.thp? T = 17609; RU 2274819 C1, F41H 7/00, 04/20/2006; 6. Victor Baranets // “Komsomolskaya Pravda”. URL: http://www.kp.md/daily/26381.4/ 3259466 /? Geoid = 26].

However, such vehicles also do not provide means for the evacuation of the crew other than all kinds of hatches.

Prospects are being outlined for eliminating this drawback, in particular, using the experience of creating and successfully applying the “bailout” evacuation method [7. Semenov A.G. The concept of a ground transportation complex with an evacocapsule. - SPb .: Publishing house of the Polytechnic. University, 2017. - S. 98-124].

Since aviation-type catapults for land transport are practically unsuitable for economic reasons and problems of headroom, transport complexes are currently being developed with the so-called “self-escaping evacocapsule” [7. Semenov A.G. The concept ... - S. 171-240; 8. RU 2504728 C1. IPC F41H 7/00, 01.20.2014]. The essence of the concept is the implementation of an evacocapsule in the form of a small-sized vehicle (with its own power plant, transmission, chassis with propulsion and control system), with the formation of the ground-based transport complex “inhabited car in the base car”.

In these projects, however, as for "single" land vehicles, the problem of vibration and mine protection of the crew and equipment should be highlighted. Especially in relation to systems where the capsule is installed on the bottom of the bottom or other parts of the base machine with suspended support elements of the chassis (wheels) [8; 9. Semenov A. G. Ground-based armored transport complex // Bulletin of the Academy of Military Sciences, No. 3 (48), 2014. - P. 136-139; RU 2612070 C1. IPC F41H 7/00, 02/02/2017; 10. RU 2612070 C1. IPC F41H 7/00, 03/02/2017].

The known methods and devices of vibration protection and mine protection relate only to the suspensions of single vehicles and crew seats, i.e. during suspension, two- or three-mass oscillatory systems are considered (machine body - seat - man). In this case, the transport system with the evacocapsule is a four-mass system - with sprung masses “base machine body - evacocapsule body - seat - man”, with the stiffness parameters of the elastic elements and damping of suspension shock absorbers of all the listed masses, as well as with exciting influences from the outside - from sides of the supporting surface.

So, the mine protection of seats is known by their suspension not on the bottom, but against the walls and / or roof [11. RU 182110 U1, IPC B60N 2/42, 08/03/2018; 12. RU 2390440 C2, IPC B60N 2/42, 05/27/2010; 13. RU 2011152528 A, IPC F41H 7/00, 06.27.2013].

Known wheeled chassis with controlled air pressure in the tire tires [14. RU 76286 U1, IPC B60F 5/00, 09/20/2008; 15. RU 167642 U1, IPC B60C 23/00, 01/10/2017; 16. RU 2575314 C1, IPC B60B 9/00, B60K 17/00, B62D 63/00, 02.20.2016; 17. RU 2581903 C2, IPC B60C 23/00, 05.20.2015; 18. RU 2655102 C1, IPC B60C 23/08, B60C 23/06, B60C 23/00, 05/23/2018] and controlled suspensions (operational change in elastic and / or stiffness and / or damping characteristics depending on changes in external influences and conditions, change in clearance) [19. RU 166778 U1, IPC B60G 17/04, 12/10/2016; 20. RU 2668479 C2, IPC B60G 17/015, B60G 17/017, 10/01/2018].

Closest to the claimed invention, the method according to the purpose and combination of essential features (prototype) is a method of protecting the crew and equipment of a ground-based armored transport complex with a wheeled self-propelled inhabited evacocapsule equipped with an elastic suspension and mounted with a wheel support on the underbody of the base tracked vehicle with positive own clearance , from mechanical influences from the side of road irregularities and high-explosive impact during mine detonation [21. RU 2617016 C1, IPC F41H 7/00, B62D 63/00, 04/19/2017].

In it, in all operating modes, both when the evacocapsule is on the base tracked vehicle, and when moving independently on the ground outside the base tracked vehicle in the evacuation order, the stiffness of the wheeled chassis of the evacocapsule is constant (suspension parameters do not change).

With a mine detonation, in principle, the possibility of deflection of the bottom of the base machine with a full selection of the evacocapsule clearance and the breakdown of its suspension is not ruled out.

Variable road conditions, mainly at high speeds on rough roads with a pronounced macro profile, also have a residual dynamic force effect (taking into account partial vibration damping in the chassis of the base machine and in the wheeled chassis of the evacocapsule), on the evacocapsule body, and therefore on the crew and on equipment in it, due to the non-optimal parameters of the evacocapsule undercarriage in the transport mode of the complex (the wheeled undercarriage of the evacocapsule is designed according to the conditions of independent movement on the ground outside the base vehicle, i.e. in evacuation mode.

All this leads to insufficiently high technical and operational characteristics of the transport complex.

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the security (safety and survivability) of the crew of the ground transportation complex in combat and other emergency conditions, by reducing the dynamic effects on their body from both pronounced roughnesses of the supporting surface (off-road) and possible the high impact of anti-bottom mines.

The technical result in accordance with the task is achieved due to the fact that in the method of protecting the crew of a ground-based armored transport complex with a wheeled self-propelled inhabited evacocapsule, equipped with a suspension with elastic and damping elements and mounted with a support of the wheels on the bottom of the base tracked vehicle body with a positive own clearance, from mechanical influences from the side of road irregularities and high-explosive impact during mine detonation, according to the claimed invention, when driving The rigidity and damping coefficient of the evacocapsule suspension are set less and more, respectively, than in the evacuation mode from an immobilized tracked vehicle, with the possibility of deflection of the bottom of the evacocapsule without a complete selection of the evacocapsule clearance and breakdown of its suspension.

The technical result is also achieved due to additional significant features (when formulated above the main set of features):

- can reduce the pressure of the fluid, in particular the air, in the tires of the evacocapsule wheels and increase the shock absorber resistance (This is most effective as a means of reducing the dynamic load on the crew in the capsule; the suboptimal parameters of the capsule suspension for independent movement on the ground outside the base tracked vehicle are of no value it does not, since the mode of finding the capsule on the base tracked vehicle that moves independently on the ground is considered);

- they can quickly adjust the fluid pressure in the tires of the evacocapsule wheels depending on the road profile and the speed of the complex (This is most effective as a means of changing (decreasing and increasing) stiffness, optimizing the operational setting of the necessary suspension parameters under changing road conditions).

Among the known methods, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the claimed combination of features. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved.

For the implementation of the proposed method is suitable known suspension device (options) with variable (controlled) stiffness and shock absorbers (22. Metal, rubber and pneumatic suspension elements. URL: https://znanieavto.ru/hodovaya/ uprugie-elementy-podveski-avtomobilej. html. Date of access: 06.06.2019).

In more detail, the invention is disclosed in the following implementation example and is illustrated by the drawings, which show:

The drawing shows a transport complex, a side view in a transport position, with the placement of the evacocapsule on the bottom of the body of the base tracked vehicle, where :. F - dynamic impact (vertical force) from the bottom of the housing

      base tracked vehicle, as part of ground transportation

      complex, on wheels evacocapsules;

To _g - clearance (ground clearance) of the base tracked vehicle,

       as part of a ground transportation complex;

To _to - clearance (clearance) of an evacocapsule with a wheeled chassis,

        as part of a ground transportation complex;

1 - base tracked vehicle, as part of a ground transportation complex; 2 - the bottom of the body of the base tracked vehicle (1); 3 - evacocapsule, as part of the ground transportation complex; 4 - wheels (with pneumatic tires with adjustable / controlled air pressure in them); 5 - wheel suspension (4) of evacocapsule (3), in this example, controlled hydropneumatic (GLP); 6 - control system for the suspension of 5 wheels 4 and / or air pressure in tires 4; 7 - roughness of the road profile (off-road); 8 - anti-bottom mine.

The inventive method of protecting the crew of a land-based armored transport complex with a wheeled self-propelled inhabited evacocapsule 3, equipped with a suspension 5 with elastic and damping elements (for example, hydropneumatic - GLP, controlled) and mounted with a support wheel 4 on the bottom 2 of the body of the tracked vehicle 1 with positive proper clearance K _k (base clearance tracked vehicle is denoted as 1 K _r), against mechanical impacts from road irregularities 6 and explosive minefield effects with undermining (ming 8), the characteristic kterizuetsya that define the motion of the complex (simultaneously):

- the stiffness C ′ of the wheel running gear (wheel 4 plus suspension 5) of the evacocapsule 3 is less than the rigidity C in the mode of its evacuation from the immobilized tracked vehicle 1;

- damping coefficient (parameter) of damping (i.e., absorption and dissipation of external energy on the evacocapsule suspension) μ ′ (p ′) of the wheeled undercarriage (4 wheel plus 5 suspension) of evacocapsule 3 of the damping coefficient (parameter) μ (p) in the mode her evacuation from an immobilized tracked vehicle 1.

With the possibility of deflection of the bottom 2 of the latter without a full selection of clearance K _to evacocapsule 3 and breakdown of its suspension 5:

C <C, μ (p)> μ (p)

Where:

C ′ - one-time reduced (in comparison with the value of C) or operatively adjustable (controlled) suspension stiffness 5 wheels 4 evacocapsules 3 in the installation mode by wheels 4 on the bottom 2 of the body of the base tracked vehicle 1;

C - optimal suspension stiffness 5 wheels 4 evacocapsules 3 in the mode of independent movement on the ground outside the base tracked vehicle 1, i.e. in crew evacuation mode;

μ ′ (p ′) - one-time reduced (in comparison with the value of μ (p)) or operatively adjustable (controlled) suspension coefficient (parameter) 5 wheels 4 evacocapsules 3 in the installation mode by wheels 4 directly or indirectly by other elements on the bottom of the body 2 base tracked vehicle 1;

μ (p) is the optimal coefficient (parameter) of the suspension damping 5 wheels 4 evacocapsules 3 in the mode of independent movement on the ground outside the base tracked vehicle 1, i.e. in crew evacuation mode.

As one particular example, the pressure of the fluid, in particular air, in the tires of the wheel 4 of the evacocapsule 3 is reduced by means of the control system 6.

As an archetypal example, the pressure of the fluid in the tires of wheels 4 of the evacocapsule 3 is quickly regulated, again by means of the control system 6, depending on the road profile 7 and the speed of the complex (i.e. tracked vehicle 1).

In particular, it is possible to use well-known hydraulic shock absorbers using the magnetorheological effect.

The control system 6 (manual, semi-automatic, automatic) and the principle of its operation do not fundamentally differ from the known ones. At their entrance there are signals from the crew (on / off modes - “transport”, “evacuation”, etc.) and acceleration sensors (taking into account the force F as a function of the impact from the side of the road bumps 7 and the damaging factors of the mine 8, and through the suspension tracked undercarriage of the machine 1 and its bottom 2).

The use of the invention allows to increase the safety and survivability of the crew and equipment in the armored inhabited evacocapsule of the ground transportation complex in combat and other emergency conditions, due to greater vibration resistance and better mine protection.

Claims (3)

1. A method of protecting the crew and equipment of a ground-based armored transport complex with a wheeled self-propelled inhabited evacocapsule equipped with a suspension with elastic and damping elements and mounted with a wheel support directly or indirectly on the underbody of the base tracked vehicle with positive proper clearance from mechanical impacts from road irregularities and high-explosive impact during mine detonation, characterized in that when the complex is moving, stiffness and damping coefficient are set The suspension of the evacocapsule is correspondingly smaller and larger than in the mode of evacuation from an immobilized tracked vehicle, with the possibility of deflection of the bottom of the latter without a complete selection of the clearance of the evacocapsule and breakdown of its suspension. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they reduce the pressure of the fluid, in particular air, in the tire wheels evacocapsules and increase the resistance of shock absorbers. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the fluid pressure in the tires of the wheels of the evacocapsule is promptly controlled depending on the road profile and the speed of the complex.

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