RU2709510C1 - Quick-release anti-skid device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automotive industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the automotive industry. Quick-detachable anti-skid device consists of five grousers in the form of brackets, rigidly connected with bosses, having the ability to move around and along the beams passing through the guide brackets and springs, which clamp the grouser clamps to self-locking nuts, adjusting, if necessary, tension force. Self-locking lock consists of a square hollow axle with six round webs on it, separated by spacer rings and stepped axes arranged in five formed grooves along the circumference with shift of 72 degrees. Extreme partition walls are rigidly connected to square hollow axis, and self-locking effect is achieved due to displacement of point of force application on stepped axis relative to beam by 30 degrees ±5 degrees when lock body is turned all the way.

EFFECT: high reliability of fixation of the device, fastness and ease of installation on the wheel of a vehicle.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The device belongs to the class of devices that prevent slipping of the wheels of the car, temporarily attached to elastic tires.

The descriptions of the inventions of Russia and the USSR by classes В60С 27/02; B60C 27/04; B60C 27/06; B60C 27/10; B60C 27/12; B60C 27/20. from 1990 to 2017 in the fund of the regional scientific library. Herzen.

An anti-skid device (analogue) was discovered (patent for invention No. 2023598), used for installation on automobile wheels when driving on impassable roads (ice, snow, clay ...). The device consists of a bearing hub with a thread in the center, with which springy anti-traction levers are rigidly connected and radially extend, wrapping the tire tread around their ends and having lugs. The pressure ring through the radial struts is rigidly connected to the hub with a hole in the center. The bearing hub and the hub are connected by a coupling bolt. When tightening the coupling bolt, the hubs are displaced towards each other, the force is transmitted to the elastic traction control levers through the pressure ring. The levers begin to bend in its middle part and grab the tire tread.

The main disadvantage of this technical solution is the low retention force of the device on the tire due to: 1 the contradiction between the elasticity and stiffness of the traction control arms; 2, only a part of the axial force of the coupling bolt passes into the radial force of the girth by the anti-slip levers of the tire.

There is a high probability of a break in the traction arm in the bending mass under the action of an alternating force arising from the reaction of the support (when the wheel is supported through the lever and when it is not supported).

It is not intended to replace the lugs depending on natural conditions (ice, snow, clay ...).

In the inoperative (transport) position, the device has a large size.

A quick-detachable anti-skid device (analogue) was found (patent for invention No. 2205108) temporarily attached to a car wheel while driving on a slippery road.

The device consists of a body in the form of two triangular stars fastened together, from the tops of which rays in the form of composite tubes depart. One of the tubes is secured by a latch with the possibility of rearrangement and rotation along the axis, the second is rigidly fixed, and its movable part is spring-loaded, and the third is fastened together by a lever with an earring and is limited by an emphasis on movement. At the free ends of the tubes, lugs are movably fixed, having protrusions and interchangeable blades set according to the state of the soil.

The main disadvantage of this technical solution is the low retention force of the device on the tire, which can lead to damage and jerking in the transmission. The reason for insufficient tire compression is that only a beam with a lever and an earring compresses the tire with radial force, and on the remaining rays the resulting forces are directed almost tangentially to the tire circumference towards each other and only a small part is transformed into radial forces.

A prototype for this technical solution has not been identified.

Disclosure of invention

The author was faced with the task of creating a quick-detachable anti-skid device, temporarily attached to the car wheel in any road conditions, reliable, with removable lugs for any surface and a minimum inoperative size.

To solve this problem (technical result), a device is proposed, as well as an analogue, consisting of five lugs in the form of brackets clasping the tire. The similarity ends here. The long end of the lug bracket is rigidly connected to the boss having a smooth hole and a radial groove on the lower end surface. The design of the device consists of five identical beams, so consider one of them. A beam is a bar with a thread and a flat on one end and a fork on the other. The bar passes through a guide bracket rigidly connected to the ring. A spring, a washer of a positional coupling with a radial spike and a boss with a lug clamp are put on the bar. They are limited in axial movement by a self-locking nut. The other end of the bar with a fork is pivotally connected to the straight end of the bracket of a self-locking lock. The radial end of the lock bracket is pivotally connected to the stepped axis of the lock.

The self-locking lock consists of a square hollow axis, six circular partitions located on it, separated by distance rings and step axes. The extreme partitions are rigidly connected with the square hollow axis. The stepped axes in the five grooves formed are placed around the circumference with an offset of 72 degrees. The self-blocking effect is achieved by shifting the point of application of force on the step axis relative to the beam when the lock body is rotated to the stop (30 degrees ± 5 degrees).

The five guide brackets on the ring are 72 degrees apart.

The lock brackets are mated to the plane of the forks by the bend of the straight part of the bracket.

The quick-release anti-skid device can be in three stable positions: working - the lock is closed, the anti-skid brackets tightly clasp the tire, the tension force is regulated by self-locking nuts;

non-working - the lock is open, the anti-skid brackets are extended as far as possible from the center of the device under the influence of spring forces;

transport - overcoming the insignificant effort of the positional coupling, the lug clamps rotate in the plane of the device.

Thus, all of the above allowed to achieve a technical result:

1. The device is quickly and easily placed and removed on the car wheel in any road conditions.

2. Reliability of fixing the device on the wheel provides a self-locking lock. The lug clamp tension is controlled by self-locking nuts.

3. The device is durable in operation due to the fact that during the rotation of the wheel there is an elastic deformation of the tire in the zone of contact with the surface of the support, and the lug clamp along with the boss moves along the beam without experiencing bending moment forces.

4. The device provides for the replacement of anti-skid brackets in accordance with the expected operating conditions (ice, snow, clay ...).

In FIG. 1 shows a device in an idle position, consisting of five lugs 1 in the form of brackets wrapping a tire. The lug bracket is rigidly connected to the boss 2 having a smooth hole and a radial groove on the lower end surface. Each lug bracket is connected by a beam 3 to a self-locking lock 4. A beam is a round bar with a thread and a flat on one end and a fork on the other. The rod passes through the guide bracket 5, which is rigidly connected to the ring 6. A spring 7 is put on the rod, compressing the washer of the position coupling 8 with a radial spike and the boss 2 with the lug bracket 1 to the self-locking nut 9. The other end of the rod with the plug 10 is pivotally connected to the straight end the brackets 11, and its radial end is pivotally connected to the stepped axis 12 of the lock.

In FIG. 2 shows an open lock case with brackets 11, consisting of a square hollow axis 13, six circular partitions 14 with square holes located thereon, separated by five spacer rings 15 and five stepped axles 12. The extreme partitions are rigidly connected to the square hollow axis. The stepped axes in the five grooves formed are placed around the circumference with an offset of 72 degrees. The self-locking effect is achieved by shifting the point of application of force on the step axis relative to the beam when the lock body is rotated to the stop.

In FIG. 3 shows a lock case in a closed state. The angle of displacement of the point of application of force is approximately 30 degrees.

In FIG. 4 shows a positional coupling, consisting of boss 2 with a radial groove on the lower end surface, washers 8 with a radial spike and springs 7. The washer of the positional coupling has a profile hole, therefore, it can only move along beam 3.

In FIG. 5 shows the device in the working position: the lock is closed, the beams are pulled up to the lock, the lugs tightly clasp the tire.

In FIG. 6 shows the device in transport position. Overcoming the insignificant effort of the positional coupling, the lug clamps rotate in the plane of the device to reduce the overall dimensions.

The device operates as follows.

It is necessary to turn the clamps of the lugs 1 perpendicular to the plane of the device until they are fixed with a positional coupling. If the lock was closed, then the key with a square shank (not shown) turns the lock case. Under the influence of the efforts of the springs 7, the clamps of the lugs 1 together with the beams 3 are advanced by an amount determined by the design of the lock. The device is superimposed on the wheel, the lock case, overcoming the compression forces of the springs and tires, is turned with a square shank key to the stop, it is blocked. Lug clamps 1 grip and compress the tire with a force, if necessary, controlled by self-locking nuts 9. During the rotation of the wheel, the tire deforms elastically in the contact area with the support surface, and the lug clamp 1 along with the lug 2 moves along beam 3 without experiencing bending force moment. There is a weakening of the tension force on this beam, which does not lead to the unlocking of the lock due to the presence of forces on the remaining rays.

The device provides for the replacement of lug brackets in accordance with the expected operating conditions (snow, ice, clay ...)

To reduce the effort of closing and opening the lock, without impairing the operation of the device, maximum roughness on the surface of the lug brackets facing the tire is required.

Claims (1)

A quick-release anti-skid device, consisting of five lugs in the form of brackets, rigidly connected with bosses that can be moved around and along the rays passing through the guide brackets and springs, which tighten the lug brackets to the self-locking nuts, which regulate, if necessary, the tension force, characterized by that the reliability of the fixation of the device, the speed and ease of installation on the car wheel provides a self-locking lock consisting of a square hollow axis located on six circular partitions, separated by distance rings and step axes, placed in five formed grooves around the circumference with an offset of 72 degrees, the extreme partitions are rigidly connected to the square hollow axis, and the effect of self-blocking is achieved by shifting the point of application of force on the step axis relative to the beam 30 degrees ± 5 degrees when turning the lock case all the way.

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