RU2709442C1 - Three-barrel revolver with a chordal arrangement of a chambers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: three-barrel revolver with spare drum comprises housing with handle, unit of three identical shafts in one row with parallel horizontal axes, three-row drum with spaced apart with identical angular pitch and chordally oriented chambers, drum turning and fixing mechanism (DTFM), firing mechanism (FM), revolver reloading device, fighting and breaking springs. In FM and DTFM – trigger, trigger slider in longitudinal horizontal guides, return spring, pins in number of nine in the form of pins evenly distributed in circumferential direction at angle of 40° on drum end, striker, striker pusher, firing spring, spring-loaded baffle, firing pin.

EFFECT: improved tactical and technical characteristics of revolver, wider range of equipment.

5 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to handgun short-barreled weapons specifically - to revolvers with disk drums, called by the authors "flat revolvers", mainly police and civilian species.

Most revolvers are equipped with classic drums, the axis of rotation and chambers of which are parallel to the axis of the barrel [1. Zhuk A.B. Revolvers and pistols. - M.: Military Publishing House "Lokid", 1992. - 431 p.: Ill. - S. 30-218].

With all the advantages of revolvers, this arrangement leads to the fact that the drum protruding on the sides of the frame of the revolver makes it difficult to carry and remove such weapons. In addition, the classical revolver is characterized by a prolonged reloading, due to the need for the alternate installation of cartridges in the chambers.

Previously, the authors developed and patented revolvers with disk drums, which can be considered as a result of the “selection” of revolvers and pistols with a combination of the advantages of both and which laid the foundation for a subclass of “flat revolvers” (according to the terminology of the authors) [2. RU 2214576, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 2003, Bull. Number 29; 3. Pavlov S.N., Semenov A.G. Revolver and gun. An attempt at "selection" // Kalashnikov. - 2007, No. 6. - S. 64-68; 4. Alexander Semenov, Sergey Pavlov. Flat revolvers (Monograph). - LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Saarbrucken - Berlin - Leipzig, Deutschland. 02/06/2013. ISBN 978-3-659-34094-9. - 64 p. - S. 23-39].

In them, the disk drums have a horizontal transverse axis of rotation located below the axis of the barrel channel, and the chambers are located on the periphery of the drum tangentially to a circle centered on its axis, that is, with a chordal orientation (the authors called this orientation “tangential”).

However, with all its undoubted advantages, such a weapon does not give a significant gain in ammunition - the number of rounds in the drum.

Closest to the claimed invention in terms of purpose and a set of structural features (prototype) is a double-barreled disc revolver with a chordal arrangement of chambers, comprising a body with a handle, trunks in a block mounted in a horizontal row in it, a disc drum with a horizontal transverse axis of a stepwise rotation located below the axis barrel bore, with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers distributed equally in rows, furs the basics of turning and fixing the disk in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the channel of the corresponding barrel and the micro-clearance between the cylindrical surface of the drum and the surfaces of the stumps of the trunks, trigger mechanism with a trigger, and also a reloading device [5. RU 2293275, F41C 1/00, 25/10, 2007, Bull. No. 4].

In the prototype device, the number of trunks is two with their horizontal arrangement in the block. The disk drum is two-row and mounted (centered) on the axis provided in the revolver body. Accordingly, the ammunition is doubled.

However, in some cases, the practical use of weapons and this amount may be insufficient. In this sense, the prototype still has not enough high performance characteristics.

It should also be noted that the spectrum of variety of models of revolvers is narrowed taking into account the factor of product attractiveness (the latter is applied to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The problem (task) to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is the increase in the ammunition load at acceptable mass and overall performance of the revolver, and therefore - the improvement of its tactical and technical characteristics. It also seems appropriate to expand the variety of models of revolvers taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter - in relation to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The solution of this complex problem is achieved by the fact that a three-barrel disc revolver with a chordal arrangement of chambers, comprising a body with a handle, trunks in a block installed in it in a horizontal row, a disc drum with a horizontal transverse axis of step-by-step rotation, located below the axis of the bore, with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers distributed equally in rows, the mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with The axis of any of the chambers is the pool entrance of the channel of the corresponding barrel, the trigger mechanism with the trigger, and the reloading device, according to the claimed invention, is tri-barrel, with a three-row drum, and the trigger mechanism is equipped with a trident fork drummer and individual strikers for each chamber mounted on the ends of the holders, structurally combined with the clamps of the cartridge cases in the chambers in single parts, each in the form of a two-feather flat spring, with its central part attached Noah to the edge of the drum between the chambers.

The solution of this problem is also achieved due to additional structural features (with the main set of features formulated above):

- the drum can be made with a central hole and placed in a blind cylindrical niche in the housing, with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the drum with a sliding fit (this is a particular example of a construction alternative to the traditional one with a sliding fit of the drum on an axis in the revolver body; - firstly, significant relief of the drum, which takes the form of a half-disk-half-ring, in any case, pronounced ring-shaped, with the non-replaceability of the empty central space, and, secondly, minimization of mic the gap between the stumps and trunks of the chambers in their firing position, which is beneficial to reduce to a minimum breakthrough powder gases);

- a spare drum can be installed in the lower part of the handle cavity (this allows, like any spare cartridge magazines, not only to carry out operational restoration of combat effectiveness, in comparison with reloading a shot drum, “not rummaging through pockets and cartridge bags”, but also usefully cavity in the handle, provided in an effort to minimize the mass of the revolver);

- with the previous set of features, a spare drum can be made with a central hole and placed in a blind cylindrical niche (socket) in the housing with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the drum with a sliding fit (this allows you to combine the advantages of the first two proposed additional sets of features);

- with any of the previous sets of signs, a sliding cover (shutter) can be installed on the case with a handle with fixation in the rear, closed position with the possibility of removing and installing the drums (this ensures the maximum extraction and installation of both the main and the spare, if one is provided; of course, excluding the constantly open version, which is unacceptable under the conditions of reliable functioning, especially in conditions of pollution).

Among the known devices and methods, no such combination of essential features would coincide with the declared one. At the same time, it is due to the latter that a new technical result is achieved in accordance with the task.

These additional features, as highlighted as particularly rational, enhance the technical result in accordance with the problem (task) formulated above.

The drawings (Fig. 1-12) depict two of the possible examples of constructive implementation of the inventive revolver:

- in FIG. 1 - the first nine-shot concept, with a spare equipped magazine in the handle under the 9 mm PM cartridge, side view (right), where D is the radius of the niche (niches) in the drum housing; R is the outer radius of the disk drum and cylindrical niches in the housing for their placement; r is the radius of the Central hole in the drum; h is the distance between the axis of rotation of the drum and the axis of the barrel, φ is the angle of the stepwise rotation of the drum;

- in FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of an equipped drum;

- in FIG. 3 - computer 3D-model of a three-row disk drum with a mutual angular displacement of the rows by 40 ° (the angular step of the working rotation of the drum by means of its rotation and fixing mechanism);

- in FIG. 4 - computer 3D-model of a two-functional part "sleeve retainer - firing pin";

- in FIG. 5 is a 3D computer model of a trident firing pin as part of a trigger mechanism, plan view;

- in FIG. 6 - computer 3D-model of the first concept, general appearance;

- in FIG. 7 - a computer 3D model of the first concept according to the first example with the covers open (extended), side view (left);

- in FIG. 8 is a 3D computer model of the first concept, clearly demonstrating its mechanisms, side view (right);

- in FIG. 9 is a 3D computer model of the first concept, a cross-cutting general view of the right-front-top;

- in FIG. 10 is a 3D computer model of the second nine-shot concept, without the possibility of placing a spare store in the handle, with the lid open (turned up), side view (left);

- in FIG. 11– computer 3D-model of the second concept, clearly demonstrating its mechanisms, side view (right);

- in FIG. 12– 3D computer model of the second concept, a cross-cutting general view of the right-front-top.

The inventive three-barrel revolver according to the first constructive example (with a spare drum - see Fig. 1-9) contains a housing 1 (detachable or integral parts - left and right) with a handle 2. In the housing 1 is fixedly mounted block of three identical trunks 3 in one row with parallel horizontal axes. Behind the stumps of the trunks 3, a disk drum 4 with a horizontal transverse axis 5 of a stepwise rotation through an angle φ located below the axis of the channels of the trunks 3 by an amount of h is detachably mounted in the housing 1.

The drum 4 is made three-row (see Fig. 2, 3), with several spaced apart from each other with the same angular pitch and chordally (in the early author's terminology - “tangentially”) oriented cartridge chambers 6, quantitatively distributed equally among the rows (in this case - three in a row under the pistol wafer cartridge 7, specifically 9 mm PM).

There are also, of course, mechanisms for turning and fixing the drum 4 (MPFB) in combat positions with any of the chambers 6 aligned to the pool entrance of the channel of the corresponding barrel 3, trigger mechanism (trigger), revolver reloading device.

USM and IPBF have common details, which in this sense are two-functional. In the structure of the trigger and MPFB (see Fig. 1, 2) - trigger 8; trigger slider 9 in the longitudinal horizontal guides provided in the housing 1; return spring 10 (for automatic return of the slider 9 with hook 8 to their original state); pegs 11 (here in an amount of nine) in the form of uniformly distributed at a 40 ° angle around the circumference with the axis of 5 pins at the end of the drum 4 mentioned in the application to the drum 4; a pusher 12 of the peg 11 (drum 4) provided at the rear end of the slider 9; drummer 13; the pusher 14 of the hammer 13; combat spring 15; spring chipper 16; side 17.

Design features of mechanisms that additionally determine the originality of the device:

- drummer 13 is made trident (teeth 18) fork, common to all chambers 6 (see. Fig. 4);

- at each chamber 6, on the face 19 of the drum 4 between the chambers 6, a two-function two-feather flat spring 20 is attached with its middle part (with the face 19 covered), as a result of the structural combination of the spring holder (base) of the individual hammer 17 (built into the through hole serving the longitudinal guide for the striker 17) and, again, the individual spring retainer 21 of the cartridge case 7 (with automatic locking / unlocking with your tooth at the end that enters the annular groove of the cartridge case 7).

The cavity of the lower part of the handle 2 in the first concept is structurally framed (by analogy with a niche for a drum 4) as a blind cylindrical niche with the possibility of placing an empty or equipped (preferably) spare drum 22 identical to drum 4.

Moreover, in the example of FIG. 1, 2 shows the traditional installation of the drums 4 on the central axis (centering on the axis 5). For an alternative, see below.

The second constructive example of a revolver (see FIGS. 10-12) is “lightweight” and differs from the first concept by the conscious refusal of a spare magazine 22. Moreover, the thickness (and, accordingly, weight fraction) of the handle 2 will decrease, which is ergonomically acceptable. However, such a technical solution is not necessary and is recommended as appropriate.

Further description of the device also includes optional, but recommended features.

So, the drums 4 and 22 can be made with a Central hole 23 with a diameter d, i.e. with the preservation of this hole (see Fig. 1, 2), and placed in the aforementioned blind cylindrical niches (sockets) in the housing 1, with a diameter equal to the outer diameter D = 2R of the drum with a sliding fit. Then the diameter d can be chosen large enough (not for the traditional axes!) To maximize the lightness of the drums 4 and 22, with the approximation of their shape to the annular (i.e., giving an annular shape), according to the conditions of organization of the chambers 6 (see Fig. 3, 8, 11).

On the housing 1 with the handle 2 can be installed a sliding cover (shutter) 24 with fixing in the rear, closed position with the possibility of extraction and installation (see Fig. 7) of the drums 4 and 22.

Additionally, spring mounted, mounted on the housing 1 or skid mounted, connected with the trigger 8, auxiliary elements for blocking the drum 4 from rotation during firing (not shown) can be mounted.

The inventive device operates as follows.

Empty drums 4, 22 are equipped with cartridges 7 separately from the revolver, similar to box-shaped pistol magazines. In this case, the cartridges 7 are inserted into the chambers 6 sequentially, from the front with the bottom of the sleeve forward, until the individual spring clips 21 automatically snap into place (tooth penetrating into the annular groove of the sleeve). This does not affect the position of striker 17.

At the revolver, the cover (shutter) 24 on the left side of the housing 1 is unlocked and slid along the guides until the “drum” niches (niches) of diameter D open, after which the equipped drums (en) 4 are inserted into the niches (shu) and fixed by sliding the cover (shutter) ) 24 to its original position.

The revolver is ready to fire.

When you press the trigger 8, the slider 9 moves backward (in the direction of pressing the hook 8, in Fig. 1 - to the left) along the guides in the housing 1, with its lower end part blocking first the upper pegs 11 of the drum 4 from turning the latter. Upon completion of the click on the hook 8, said fixing elements for blocking the drum 4 are engaged with the pegs 11 (in another possible structural embodiment, directly with the drum) 4.

In addition, during the movement of the slider 9, the pusher 14 of the striker 13 engages with the latter, moving it back (in Fig. 1 to the left), compressing the war spring 15. The pusher 12 bends under the influence of the rear upper pedestal 11 and extends beyond the rear upper pedestal eleven.

Further, the pusher 14 disengages from the hammer 13, which, having released, under the force of the action of the mainspring 15, vigorously beats the corresponding military tooth 18 (see Fig. 5, while the other two teeth are 18, which are currently not “fighting”, “ hang "in the holes or other voids provided for in the design of the drum 4) along the spring holder (the base is the rear feather of the two-feather spring 20), while compressing the spring bump 16. This impact with the corresponding longitudinal movement of the feather with the hammer 17 leads to pricking, which means initiating to psyulya-igniter sleeve chuck 7.

A shot is taking place.

After a shot under the influence of the spring chipper 16, the striker 13 moves away from the drum 4. and the spring feather of the two-function two-feather spring 20, freed from the socket of the spring 15 with the striker 13, returns the striker 17 to its original position.

When removing (loosening) the finger, the arrow from the trigger 8, under the influence of the return spring 10, the slider 9 returns forward (in Fig. 1 - to the right), releasing the peg 11, and therefore the drum 4. The pusher 12 of the peg 11 rotates the drum 4 by an angle φ = 40 ° - one angular step, and the pusher 14 of the striker 13 reaches its original position. "Combat" becomes chamber 6 of another row of drum 4 with another cartridge 7 located in it.

When the drum 4 rotates in the cylindrical guide wall of the housing 1 niche (in the recommended original example with its axisless centering with a sliding fit), the “drum 4 - housing 1” friction pair not only works as a sliding bearing, replacing the non-existent friction pair “drum 4 - axis on the housing 1 ", but also provides high obturation (locking) of the powder gases in the" war "chamber 6 by minimizing the micro-clearance between the drum 4 and the hemp of the" war "barrel 3.

The shooting drum 4 is removed from the niche in the housing 1, having previously again pushed the cover (curtain) 24. After that, the equipped spare drum 22 can be rearranged from the lower niche to the upper one. Naturally, you can also “save” the drum 22 by immediately installing the same drum 4, having previously equipped it in the agreed order, or in general by any third drum.

The use of the claimed invention (revolver device) allows an increase in the ammunition load at acceptable mass and size indicators of the revolver, and therefore - improvement of its tactical and technical characteristics.

When abandoning the spare drum 22 and shortening the trunks 3, the revolver, remaining "full", gains a complete comprehensive superiority over all modern revolvers in terms of ammunition (number of rounds), the initial velocity of the bullet, and also the weight and dimensions. In particular, it is twice lighter than the “basic object of comparative evaluation” - the Makarov pistol (PM).

It also seems appropriate to expand the variety of models of revolvers taking into account the factor of commodity attractiveness (the latter - in relation to export supplies and to the market of civilian, in particular traumatic, weapons).

The revolver is recommended for reasonably limited production and use, in relatively small batches or on order, in order to expand the range of hand-held short-barreled firearms.

Claims (5)

1. A three-barrel disc revolver with a chordal arrangement of chambers, comprising a housing with a handle, trunks in a block installed in it in a horizontal row, a disc drum with a horizontal transverse axis of a stepwise rotation located below the axis of the bore, with several spaced apart with the same angular pitch and chordally oriented cartridge chambers, equally distributed in rows, the mechanisms of rotation and fixation of the drum in combat positions with the alignment of any of the chambers to the pool entrance of the channel its barrel, trigger mechanism with a trigger, as well as a reloading device, characterized in that it is made of a three-barrel, with a three-row drum, and the trigger mechanism with a trident fork drummer and individual for each chamber strikers mounted on the ends of the holders, structurally combined with the clamps of the cartridge cases in the chambers in single parts, each in the form of a two-feather flat spring, with its central part attached to the edge of the drum between the chambers. 2. A revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that the drum is made with a central hole and is placed in a blind cylindrical niche in the housing, with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the drum with a sliding fit. 3. The revolver according to claim 1, characterized in that a spare drum is installed in the lower part of the handle cavity. 4. The revolver according to claim 3, characterized in that the spare drum is made with a central hole and is placed in a blind cylindrical niche in the housing, with a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the drum with a sliding fit. 5. Revolver according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that on the housing with a handle mounted sliding cover with a fixation in the rear, closed, position with the possibility of removing and installing the drums.

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