RU2705309C1 - Device for grain drying - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building, in particular, to devices for grain drying. Device comprises a casing, the surface of which is coated with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading opening, heating elements, fan, air duct, transporting working element installed inside the casing. Working element is multisection in form of box with stepped surface and possibility of its vibrations. Sections of the transporting working element are located one above the other. In the rear part of the casing there is a female part of the lower section of the transporting working element and a U-shaped pipe directed rectangular section directed upwards by a rounded part and width of which is equal to the width of the transporting working element. Air duct is connected to the lower rear part of the U-shaped pipe. External front part of U-shaped pipe is perforated. Diameter of perforation holes does not exceed minimum grain size. Under the lower part of the upper section of the transporting working element on the grain unloading side, a grain guide is installed, which is provided with a gate and protruding from the jacket to the outside by an outlet nozzle.

EFFECT: use of invention will improve quality of grain drying; higher quality of grain drying.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for drying grain.

A device for drying grain [Device for drying grain. - Patent RU 181622. - Publ. 07/19/2018, Bull. No. 20] containing a casing of rectangular cross section, the outer surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading window, heating elements, a fan, an air duct and a transporting working element made in the form of a box with a stepped surface and the possibility of communicating vibrations to it. The transporting working body is made multi-sectional, and the sections are arranged sequentially one after another so that each subsequent section is set lower than the previous one. Between the sections there is a pitched board made perforated, with the possibility of adjusting the angle of its inclination. An air duct is installed on the underside of the ramp board. The upper part of the casing located above the pitched board is perforated. The size of the holes of the ramp does not exceed the minimum grain size.

The known device has the disadvantage of low quality drying of grain due to poor cooling of grain after passing through each section of the transporting working body, which reduces the quality of drying.

The technical result of the invention is improving the quality of drying grain.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the sections of the transporting working body are arranged one above the other. In the rear part of the casing, the covering rear part of the lower section of the transporting working body and the U-shaped pipe of rectangular cross section directed upward by the rounded part are set, the width of which is equal to the width of the transporting working body. The duct is connected to the lower rear of the U-shaped pipe. The outer front part of the U-shaped pipe is perforated, and the diameter of the perforation holes is performed not exceeding the minimum grain size. Under the lower part of the upper section of the transporting working body from the grain unloading side, a grain guide is installed, equipped with a flap and an outlet pipe protruding from the casing to the outside.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a device for drying grain, and FIG. 2 same, top view.

The device for drying grain includes a casing 1, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, a loading hopper 3, a heating element 4, a fan 5, an air duct 6, and a transporting working element 7 installed inside the casing 1, made in the form of a box with a stepped surface and the possibility of communication hesitate. Sections of the transporting working body 7 are located one above the other. In the rear part of the casing 1 is installed covering the back of the lower section of the transporting working body 7 and directed upward by the rounded part of the U-shaped pipe 8 of rectangular cross section, the width of which is equal to the width of the transporting working body 7. The duct 6 is connected to the lower rear part of the U-shaped pipe 8. The outer front part of the U-shaped pipe 8 is perforated, and the diameter of the perforation holes does not exceed the minimum grain size. Under the lower part of the upper section of the transporting working body 7 from the grain unloading side, a grain guide 9 is installed, equipped with a shutter 10 and an outlet pipe 11 protruding from the casing outward. The transporting working body 7 is equipped with a drive 12.

The device operates as follows. Representatively include heating elements 4. After reaching the required temperature of the surfaces of the sections of the transporting working body 7 include its drive 12. At the same time, turn on the fan 5. Then the grain is fed into the feed hopper 3, from where it enters the lower section of the transporting working body 7 and moves them to the side U -shaped pipe 8. Contacting with the heated surface of the lower section of the transporting working body 7, the grain also heats up, losing excess moisture. Then, the heated grain from the lower section of the transporting working body 7 enters the U-shaped pipe 8. Under the action of the flow of air created by the fan 5, which is supplied through the duct 6, at a flow rate exceeding the speed of the grain, the grain rises up the rear of the U-shaped pipe 8, while cooling and losing excess moisture. Then the grain enters the front of the U-shaped pipe 8, where humidified air is removed outside through its perforation, and the air flow rate decreases. Chilled and partially dried grain under the action of gravity enters the heated surface of the upper section of the transporting working body 7, where it is reheated when moving towards the grain guide 9. When the grain reaches moisture content in the grain guide 9, change the position of the shutter 10, opening the outlet pipe 11, through which the grain is removed from the device. When the grain moisture exceeds the standard, in the grain guide 9, the shutter 10 is moved to a position in which the outlet pipe 11 is closed. In this case, the grain falls on the lower section of the transporting working body 7 for re-drying.

When using grain of another culture, the temperature of heating the surfaces of the ducts of the sections of the transporting working body 7 is changed using the heating elements 4, the frequency and (or) the amplitude of the vibrations of the sections of the transporting working body 7 are changed, and the air flow in the air duct 6 is reduced or increased, changing the speed fan 5.

The location of the sections of the transporting working body on top of each other, the location in the rear of the casing covering the back of the lower section of the transporting working body and the upwardly rounded part of the U-shaped pipe of rectangular cross section, the width of which is equal to the width of the transporting working body, the connection of the duct with the lower rear part U- shaped pipe, the implementation of the outer front of the U-shaped perforated pipe, with a hole diameter of perforation not exceeding the minimum grain size, and t kzhe location at the bottom of the top section of the conveying working member from unloading grain guide grains provided with a flap and protruding from the housing outlet port, provides the required quality grain drying at its elevated initial moisture without the need of additional cooling or binning grain and subsequent re-transmission through the device.

Claims (1)

A device for drying grain containing a casing, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading window, heating elements, a fan, an air duct, a transporting working element installed inside the casing, made in a multi-section form in the form of a box with a stepped surface and the ability to communicate oscillations to it, characterized the fact that the sections of the transporting working body are located one above the other, in the back of the casing is installed covering the back of the lower section of the trans a porting working body and a U-shaped pipe of rectangular cross section directed upward by a rounded part, the width of which is equal to the width of the transporting working body, the duct is connected to the lower rear part of the U-shaped pipe, while the outer front part of the U-shaped pipe is perforated, and the diameter of the perforation holes does not exceed the minimum grain size, and under the lower part of the upper section of the transporting working body from the grain unloading side there is a grain guide equipped with a flap and you an outlet pipe stepping out of the casing.

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