RU2705205C1 - Linear electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering, to linear step motors for discrete electric drive. Linear electric motor consists of upper magnetizing pole 1 containing non-magnetic inserts 3, 4, 5, and lower magnetizing pole 2 with non-magnetic frame 6 installed on them, in which there is magnetizing winding 7, insulated from housing 8 insulation tape 9. In order to install magnetizing winding 7 inside housing 8, top cover 10 is fixed, which is fixed with the help of screw 11, and lower cover 12 fixed by screw 13. Anchor 14 extending through top cover 10 is secured inside upper magnetizing pole 1 by means of upper non-magnetic plain bearing 15 and lower non-magnetic plain bearing 16. Between the upper non-magnetic friction bearing 15 and non-magnetic bushing 17 there is return spring 18.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and traction force, improved weight and dimensions.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to electric machines, in particular to linear stepper motors, which are widely used in a discrete electric drive.

State of the art

A linear electric motor is known, containing N parallel anchors and an inductor with a cylindrical magnetic circuit and windings concentrically placed relative to the anchors, characterized in that the magnetic circuit of the inductor is made in the form of N cylindrical magnetic circuits of smaller diameter in contact along the generatrix, and the anchors are connected at both ends (see RF patent No. 2031525 C. H02K 41/02, publ. 03.20.1995).

A disadvantage of the known design is the lack of manufacturability, the complexity of manufacturing, as well as low efficiency.

A linear electric motor is known, consisting of a stator with magnetizing coils and a runner made of alternating magnetic and non-magnetic rings and adjacent to the working air gaps of magnetic and non-magnetic elements near each magnetizing coil, the lower limit of the ratio of the radial and axial dimensions of the non-magnetic element in the axial section is 0, 5: 1, characterized in that the upper limit of this ratio reaches a value of 1: 1 (see RF patent No. 2031518, CL. H2K 33/02, publ. 03.20.1995).

A disadvantage of the known design is the insufficiently effective magnetic system per unit mass and power, and, consequently, a low efficiency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect and accepted by the authors for the prototype is a vertical linear electric motor containing an armature mounted in a non-magnetic guide sleeve, a magnetizing winding and a magnetic circuit including a cylindrical yoke, an upper annular pole and a lower annular pole equipped with a ferromagnetic enveloping non-magnetic guide sleeve a cylinder, in order to increase the smoothness of the armature, between the upper annular pole and the ferromagnetic cylinder installed fer a magnetic insert in the form of a sleeve, the thickness of the upper annular pole and the wall of the ferromagnetic insert being 5-10 times less than the wall thickness of the ferromagnetic cylinder enveloping the non-magnetic guide sleeve (See USSR Author's Certificate No. 743132, Cl. Н02K 33/02, published on 06/25/1980 )

A linear electric motor has the following disadvantages: the design is low-tech and time-consuming to manufacture, has large mass and size indicators, and a low efficiency.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to develop a linear electric motor with reduced weight and size, high efficiency, increased traction.

The technical result that can be obtained using the proposed design is to increase the efficiency, improve overall dimensions, and also increase traction due to the use of non-magnetic inserts in the upper magnetizing pole.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the linear electric motor containing the armature magnetizing the winding, as well as it is additionally equipped with upper and lower magnetizing poles containing non-magnetic inserts, upper and lower covers fixed to the housing with screws, installed magnetizing winding in the non-magnetic frame, with this anchor passing through the upper cover is fixed inside the upper magnetizing pole using the upper and lower non-magnetic plain bearings, as well as with return otherwise placed between an upper non-magnetic and nonmagnetic plain bearing bushing.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 - shows a General view of a linear electric motor.

In FIG. 2 - shows a section of a linear electric motor with the application of the main magnetic fluxes.

The implementation of the invention

The linear electric motor (see Fig. 1) consists of an upper magnetizing pole 1, a lower magnetizing pole 2 containing non-magnetic inserts 3, 4, 5 with a non-magnetic frame 6 mounted on them, in which the magnetizing winding 7 is located, isolated from the housing 8 by an insulating tape 9. To install the magnetizing winding 7 inside the housing 8, use the upper cover 10, secured with a screw 11 and the lower cover 12, secured with a screw 13. An anchor 14 passing through the upper cover 10 is secured inside the upper magnetize the main pole 1 with the help of the upper non-magnetic sliding bearing 15 and the lower non-magnetic sliding bearing 16. Between the upper non-magnetic sliding bearing 15 and the non-magnetic sleeve 17, a return spring 18 is located.

The proposed linear electric motor operates as follows (see figure 2): in the absence of current in the magnetizing winding 7, the armature 14 occupies the lowest position, relying on the upper and lower non-magnetic plain bearings 15, 16 and the non-magnetic sleeve 17. When fed to the magnetizing winding 7 of a voltage of 12 or 24 V, a direct current flows through it, which creates a magnetic flux Ф which closes through the housing 8, the lower magnetizing pole 2, the armature 14, the upper magnetizing pole 1 and the upper cover 10. Magnetic flux F at the lower boundary of the magnetizing pole 2 and the non-magnetic insert 5 is divided into a working magnetic flux F ₁ passing through the air gap Δ, between the lower magnetizing pole 2 and the armature 14, as well as along the cross section of the armature 14, through the air gap Δ, and the shunting magnetic flux Ф _1δ passing, by non-magnetic insert 5, then these flows are summed up in the upper magnetizing pole 1. Passing along the upper magnetizing pole 1 in the place where the non-magnetic insert 4 is located, the magnetic flux Ф is divided into the working flux Ф ₂ passing through the air gap Δ, along the cross section of the armature 14 through the air gap Δ, and the shunting magnetic flux Φ _2δ , which are then summed up in the upper magnetizing pole 1. Passing further along the upper magnetizing pole 1 at the location of the non-magnetic insert 3, the magnetic flux Φ is divided into a working magnetic flux Φ ₃ passing through the air gap Δ, along the cross section of the armature 14, the air gap Δ, and the shunting magnetic flux Φ _3δ which are then summed up in the upper magnetizing pole 1. Separation of the magnetic flux Φ into the working flux F ₁ and the shunt the magnetic flux Ф _1δ arises when a non-magnetic insert 5 is used, which has a much larger magnetic resistance than the chain "air gap - armature - air gap". The separation of the magnetic flux Ф into working magnetic fluxes Ф ₂ , Ф ₃ and shunting magnetic fluxes Ф _2δ and Ф _3δ occurs when saturation of the sections of the magnetizing pole 1 conjugated with non-magnetic inserts 3, 4 and pushing the magnetic fluxes Ф ₂ , Ф ₃ towards the armature 14. As a result of passing through the air gap Δ and the armature 14 of the magnetic fluxes F ₁ , F ₂ and F ₃ there is an electromagnetic force, which leads to the movement of the armature 14 in the upper position. Due to the presence of non-magnetic inserts 3, 4, and 5, as well as the ratio of the thickness of the non-magnetic insert 4 of at least 1/3 and the non-magnetic insert 3 of at least 2/3 of the thickness of the upper magnetizing pole 1, it is possible to achieve a more efficient use of magnetic flux Φ for the movement of the anchor 14, therefore, increase the efficiency, improve overall dimensions and increase traction. After disconnecting the voltage from the magnetizing winding 7, the magnetic flux Ф disappears, and consequently, the working magnetic fluxes Ф ₁ , Ф ₂ , Ф ₃ and shunt magnetic fluxes Ф _1δ , Ф _2δ and Ф _3δ , while the armature 14 returns to its extreme _value under the action of the return spring 18 lower position.

Compared with the prototype and other well-known technical solutions, the proposed linear electric motor has several advantages:

- through the use of non-magnetic inserts increases the efficiency;

- due to the use of non-magnetic inserts, overall dimensions are improved;

- through the use of non-magnetic inserts increases traction;

- due to the separation of the magnetic circuit into the upper and lower magnetizing poles, the smoothness of the armature is ensured.

Claims (1)

A linear electric motor containing an armature magnetizing the winding, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with an upper magnetizing pole containing non-magnetic inserts and a lower magnetizing pole, upper and lower covers fixed to the housing by screws, a magnetizing winding installed in a non-magnetic frame, the anchor passing through the upper cover is fixed inside the upper magnetizing pole with the help of the upper and lower non-magnetic plain bearings, as well as with a return spring, azmeschennoy between an upper non-magnetic and nonmagnetic plain bearing bushing.

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