RU2703384C1 - Device for extraction of carrots type of carrots and their separation from soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agricultural machine building. Proposed device comprises frame, support wheels and additionally comprises trough-shaped shovel separating upper layer with root crops from ground soil by means of crushing part. Knives are attached to upper surface of the shovel, which cuts the stratum being separated into strips in intervals between lines of root crops. In the ploughshare and knives there are channels for supply of compressed air to the area of their contact with the separated formation. Device also comprises nozzles for compressed air blowing of root crops and partially crushed formation on receiving conveyor, which completes whipping of residues of adhered soil from root crops and sifting it in transporter lumens with minimum possible damage of root crops.

EFFECT: higher efficiency during extraction and separation of root crops from soil, reduced damage of root crops, ease of maintenance, durability and repairability.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, including for the extraction of root crops such as carrots and their separation from the ground.

Known devices for sampling root crops:

- patent RU 2456791, RU 2611831, No. 2212120, No. 2246199 C2, No. 2305388 C1, RU 2126200, RU 2141188 C1, RU 2095960 C1, RU 2127033 C1,

- application 2017121702.

Of the above devices, the closest to the claimed invention is patent RU 2095960 C1.

A search by the applicant for the state of the art on this subject did not find an analogue characterizing the features of the claimed invention. All of these inventions are, to varying degrees, complex, cumbersome, unreliable, expensive, inefficient, do not fully solve the problems of high-quality excavation and cleaning of root crops from the soil, present really impracticable agrotechnical requirements, which makes them unsuitable for practical use. The tasks for which the claimed invention is directed are:

- increase productivity during the extraction and separation of root crops from the soil,

- improving the quality of cleaning root crops from the soil,

- minimizing damage to root crops,

- economic benefits.

The specified technical result is achieved by the form of the coulter, by supplying compressed air to the surfaces of contact of the coulter with a separate layer of soil, as well as by blowing compressed soil and root crops in the zone of movement of their mixture using a conveyor.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: in FIG. 1 is a side view; FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device.

The device is an attachment to the tractor. Trailed version is possible. The device is intended for multi-line planting of root crops. For a single-line landing scheme, it is enough to change the opener dimensions without changing the essence of the invention.

The device is a frame 1 mounted on the support wheels 2, freely rolling along the furrows adjacent to the ridge. The opener 3 of a trough-shaped shape is attached to the frame 1 by the side walls. The opener width with a slight excess corresponds to the width of the ridge. Vertical knives 4 are attached to the upper inclined surface of the opener, which, being located in the spaces between the rows of root crops, cut the formation into separate strips. The knives 4 in cross section may have a straight, barrel-shaped or other shape. Inside the opener 3 and knives 4 there are, respectively, channels 5, 6 and openings 7, 8 for supplying compressed air. When the device moves, the opener 3 is embedded in the soil, separating its upper part, which is an integral layer of a mixture of soil and root crops. At the same time, compressed air is supplied through the opening 7 in the opener 3, the openings 8 in the knives 4. As a result of the influence of these factors, the integrity of the separated formation will be impaired. It will be crushed into small fractions. Traction of soil with root crops will be reduced. At the same time, damage to root crops will be minimized, since in the process of growth the soil tightly fits the root crops over the entire contact surface. Even if, during the growth process, root crops come into contact with stones and solid objects that do not have sharp protrusions, they are not damaged, changing only their usual shape. As a result, the process of subsequent separation of soil from root crops will be greatly simplified and more efficient. As the device advances, the mixture of root crops and partially crushed soil will be dumped onto the receiving conveyor 9. Compressed air is supplied through nozzles 10 located above the upper surface of the conveyor, which will help sift small particles of soil through the gaps between the conveyor gratings and knock down adherent fragments from the tubers. All of the above makes it possible to harvest root crops even on waterlogged and heavy soils with minimal damage. Along the way, partial drying of root crops will take place. The conveyor 9 is driven from the power take-off shaft 11 by means of the shaft 12 and the subsequent kinematic transmission. The supply of compressed air to the upper surface of the coulter 3 will significantly reduce the amount of traction required on the tractor.

The result of the invention will be:

- increased productivity during the extraction and separation of root crops from the ground,

- reduction of damage to root crops,

- a set of economic advantages,

- ease of maintenance,

- accessibility for small farms,

- durability

- maintainability for personnel not higher than average qualification * (approval does not apply to the repair of compressors, which can be removable).

Claims (1)

A device for extracting root crops such as carrots and separating them from the ground, containing a frame, support wheels, characterized in that it contains a trough-shaped coulter, which separates the upper layer with root crops from the ground by means of a cutting part, having knives attached to the upper surface of the coulter, cutting the detachable formation on strips in the intervals between rows of root crops, having channels in the opener and knives for supplying compressed air to the zone of their contact with the detachable formation, allowing joint air ystviem kibble formation without damaging the root crop, it has nozzles for blowing compressed air roots and partially crushed formation on the receiving conveyor, the final dislodging soil from the root crops adhering residues and sieving it into the lumina of the conveyor at the lowest possible damage roots.

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