RU2702768C1 - Method for processing poultry manure into organo-mineral fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to production of organomineral fertilizers. Chicken droppings are placed on the platform and glauconite and phosphogypsum is added in ratio of 1:1, in an amount not exceeding 40 % of the weight of the manure. After that, one introduces crushed chaff or shell of seeds of industrial legumes and cereals and stirs till mixture moisture content is equal to 15–16 % for both bulk and granulated organomineral fertilizer. After formation of the collar, the mixture is isolated from the environment, and the granulated organo-mineral fertilizer is packaged into an airtight package. Liquid anhydrous ammonia is introduced by injection, holding for at least 12 hours and stirring.

EFFECT: invention ensures production of organomineral fertilizer with prolonged action allowing to restore soil, increase crop capacity and quality of agricultural products.

1 cl, 6 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the production of organic fertilizers in industrial waste disposal of cattle farms, poultry farms, the production of vegetable oils and mineral fertilizers.

A complex fertilizer is known (RF Patent No. 2258053, IPC C05F 3/00, publ. 08/10/2005, bull. No. 22) containing a mixture of mineral and organic components, while it includes natural zeolite as a mineral component, and as organic component - bird droppings, in addition, it additionally contains a chemical component containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulfur, in the following ratio of components, mass. %: natural zeolite - 55-65; bird droppings - 20-25% chemical component - 12-15. Moreover, the chemical component contains as substances including nitrogen and phosphorus, superphosphate and ammonium nitrate, and as a substance containing potassium, magnesium and sulfur - potassium magnesia in the following ratio in fertilizer, mass. %: superphosphate - 6-7; ammonium nitrate - 4-5; potassium magnesia - 2-3.

The disadvantages of the thus obtained fertilizer is the complex component composition, the complexity of the process and its high cost.

It is known organomineral approval (RF Patent No. 2351576, IPC C05F 3/00, publ. 10.04.2009, bull. No. 10) containing a mixture of chicken manure and mineral fertilizers, as a mineral fertilizer includes glauconite rock containing Ca and Mg in recalculation of CaO and MgO in an amount equal to 13.38 and 2.41 wt. %, pre-crushed and dried at a temperature of 100-200 ° C for 0.5-1.5 hours, and chicken droppings with a moisture content of 60-75%, while glauconite breed is mixed with chicken droppings in a ratio of 1-3: 1 -2, and the size of the granules of glauconite rock should be no more than 2 mm.

The main disadvantages of known mineral fertilizers and methods for their preparation are low productivity, multi-operation preparation of raw materials and the inability to obtain fertilizers in a form suitable for storage and subsequent use, as well as the complex component composition and its relatively high cost.

Known mineral-organic granular fertilizer (RF Patent No. 2512165, IPC C05G 1/00, publ. 04/10/2014, bull. No. 10) containing mineral and organic components, moreover, the fertilizer contains enriched glauconite as a mineral component, and in as an organic component - mineral fertilizer in aqueous solution.

The disadvantage of the invention is that in its manufacture ready-made mineral fertilizers and enriched glauconite are used, which significantly increases the cost of this fertilizer and limits it for widespread use.

Also known is a method of producing nitrogen-containing organomineral fertilizer (RF Patent No. 2423336, IPC C05F 3/00, publ. 07/10/2011, bull. No. 19), including chicken droppings and a mineral additive, phosphogypsum is used as the last one from the chemical industry. - and add straw and a mixture of straw with soil in a ratio of 1: 6 by weight, then layered in layers on a concrete site in the following ratio, mass%: chicken droppings - 40-50; phosphogypsum - 30-40; straw - 11-15; straw mixed with soil - the rest, followed by monthly mixing and moistening in the dry period for 3.5-4 months before ripening.

The disadvantages of this method is that the straw contained in the mass decomposes even with stirring over a longer period of time, according to some reports up to 3-5 years. In addition, the storage of a significant amount of chicken manure, which is tens of thousands of tons, on a concrete site for six months is unacceptable. And the introduction of straw into the soil worsens the phytosanitary situation, as potogens and pests stored on straw can reduce the yield of the next crop, for example, cereals by tens of percent.

для достижения влажности 30% массы, затем ворошителем-фрезеровщиком перемешивают массу и укладывают в бурты или в транспортное средство. Кроме того для получения гранулированного органоминерального удобрения перемешивание массы осуществляют в смесителях, при этом глауконит используют с концентрацией не ниже 80% в соотношении 1:5 к куриному помету, а лузгу подсолнечника измельчают до 1,5 мм в поперечнике и вносят до влажности 12-15% и не более 25% от общего объема массы, затем массу гранулируют, охлаждают и упаковывают.Closest to the claimed invention in terms of essential features is a method of processing poultry manure into organic fertilizer (Patent for invention No. 2653083, IPC C05F 3/00, publ. 07.05.2018, bull. No. 13), including chicken manure and mineral supplement , which uses phosphogypsum, characterized in that to obtain loose fertilizer on a layer laid on a concrete site with a layer of 0.5-0.6 m, chicken manure is distributed with a spreader of 300-400 kg of natural glauconite and 250-300 kg of phosphogypsum per 1 ton ku other litter, and depending on the initial moisture content making sunflower husk, provided two fractions of whole and crushed to 1.5 mm in diameter in the ratio

to achieve a moisture content of 30% of the mass, then mix the mass with a tedder-milling machine and put it in a pile or in a vehicle. In addition, to obtain granular organic fertilizer, the mass is mixed in mixers, while glauconite is used with a concentration of not less than 80% in a ratio of 1: 5 to chicken droppings, and the sunflower husk is crushed to 1.5 mm across and brought to a moisture content of 12-15 % and not more than 25% of the total mass, then the mass is granulated, cooled and packaged.

The main disadvantage of this method is that the introduced sunflower husk, although it improves the physical properties of fertilizers, leads to a decrease in the nitrogen content and its conversion into a form difficult to access for plants, as well as to an imbalance in the carbon and nitrogen contents, which reduces the quality of the finished product, in addition the product is obtained only with the natural content of the main biological elements, which virtually eliminates the possibility of obtaining a product with a balanced ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus L (N, P, K) is the ratio of C / N carbon to nitrogen, which has stable, predetermined indicators of fertilizer quality. And the use of only sunflower husks dramatically limits the technological capabilities of the method.

Thus, the described method does not make it possible to produce fertilizers that would ensure the achievement of stable and high yields of crops on different types of soils.

The basis of the invention is the creation of such a method for the production of organic fertilizers, which would make it possible to obtain a more effective balanced nitrogen-phosphorus and potassium organic-mineral fertilizer with wider technological capabilities.

The technical result is formed by the fact that a mixture of glauconite and phosphogypsum is used in a ratio of 1: 1 not more than 40% of the weight of the litter, and crushed chaff, seed coat of industrial, bean and cereal crops are used as the organic component, they are added and mixed until the mixture reaches moisture 15 -16% for both loose and granular organic fertilizer, after the formation of the collar, the mixture is isolated from the environment, and the granular organic mineral fertilizer is packaged in an airtight packaging, and liquid anhydrous ammonia is introduced in a necessary and sufficient amount, a limited maximum digestibility of nitrogen from ammonia, determined from the expression:

where A is the degree of saturation of the mixture with nitrogen,%;

m _p - the amount of nitrogen absorbed from ammonia, kg;

m _in - the amount of nitrogen introduced with ammonia, kg

then carry out exposure for at least 12 hours, mix and ship to the consumer.

In this case, the necessary and sufficient reduction in the degree of toxicity is determined by the expression:

where P is the degree of reduction in toxicity of the mixture,%;

T _n - initial (actual) litter toxicity by% survival of Daphnia magna Straus;

T _to - the final value of the toxicity of the obtained product by% survival of Daphnia magna Straus.

Thus, conditions are formed for obtaining a product with a given content of basic biological elements and a balanced ratio of N: P: K and C / N. This will allow the product to be used on different types of soils and biological characteristics of agricultural plants, by saturating the mixture with a predetermined level in the form of nitrogen.

Glauconite and phosphogypsum are designed to bind nitrogen compounds, have a prolonged character for 3-5 years, the desorption properties do not make it possible to “burn” plants, and the use of a wide range of waste materials in the form of sex (chaff), shell as organic (carbon-containing) elements seeds (husk, husk), industrial, bean and cereal crops expand technological capabilities and make them almost limitless.

The invention provides an integrated approach to the disposal of waste from both industrial and agricultural processing enterprises, solving the problem of environmental safety and environmental protection.

At the same time, going beyond the scope of these indicators of components, organic fertilizer affects the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition that affects the ability to restore soil fertility, quality and quantity of agricultural produce.

Organomineral fertilizer contains mineral and organic components, and the fertilizer contains glauconite and phosphogypsum, as well as the chemical compound ammonia, 82.3% of which consists of nitrogen as an organic component, chicken droppings and sex (chaff), seed coat, technical, legumes and cereals. All components are taken in the required and sufficient quantity at a certain ratio.

Fertilizer of this composition almost completely preserves all the useful substances of the components included in its composition and has a pronounced prolonged action, the ability to restore soil, increase productivity and the quality of agricultural products due to the efforts of ion exchange processes, a unique microelement composition available to plants, increased sorption ability and environmental friendliness .

Therefore, the obtained fertilizer can be considered as a complex - organomineral fertilizer with a prolonged action, and the presence of natural glauconite, which provides intensive deposition of NH ₄ ⁺ ions in the layered structure, prevents their oxidation, which helps to reduce losses of N, P, K, eliminating toxicity.

The present invention is directed to the creation of a complete complex organomineral fertilizer of prolonged action for the full balanced supply of crops with all the main nutrients and microelements, which makes it possible to use it by all known methods without burning the seeds and roots of plants, with improving soil fertility, increasing the quantity and quality of the crop at small costs, improving the environment and the use of both organic waste - chicken manure and husks , husks, genital, and mineral - phosphogypsum.

To obtain organic fertilizer, natural glauconite of the Nizhnebannovsky manifestation, the Saratov region of the Russian Federation, raw chicken droppings of the poultry complex of OJSC Lysogorskaya Poultry Factory, the Saratov region of the Russian Federation, phosphogypsum - waste from the fertilizer production of the Agrofos OJSC of the Balakovo region of the Saratov region were taken as feedstock , sunflower husk oil factory LLC "OskiniK" Kalininsky district of the Saratov region. The analysis found that natural glauconite belongs to aluminosilicates with a glauconite content of 32-58%. Moreover, it is characterized by increased sorption properties.

Enriched natural glauconite, which is part of the composition, is a mineral of variable composition with a high content of ferrous and trivalent iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and also contains more than twenty trace elements.

Chemical composition: potassium oxide (K ₂ O) - 8.5%, sodium oxide (Na ₂ O) - 0.14%, aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) - 11.8%, iron oxide (Fe ₂ O ₃ ) - 16.7%, iron oxide (FeO) - 0.6%, magnesium oxide (MgO) - 4.31%, silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) - 47.6-52.9%, water (H ₂ O ) - 4.9-13.5%, P ₂ O ₅ - 0.26%, CaO - 0.82%, MnO - 0.03%.

Formula (K, H ₂ O) (Fe ³⁺ , Al, Fe ²⁺ , Mg) ₂ [Si ₃ AlO ₁₀ ] (OH) ₂ ^x nH ₂ O

Color - greenish, luster - matte, hardness - 1.3-2.0, cleavage - good for (010), fracture - granular, density - 1.8-3.0 g / cm ³ , ion exchange ability - 0.1 -0.4 mol / kg.

All elements of natural glauconite are in easily removable form of exchangeable cations, which are replaced by elements in the environment. This is due to high sorption properties, as well as a layered structure. At the same time, glauconite is characterized by a low percentage of desorption and prolonged action. Glauconite has high absorption and cation exchange properties. Due to its sorption ion-exchange properties, it gradually exchanges components with the soil, thereby providing plants with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, providing them with nutrition throughout the growing season. The enrichment of glauconite is carried out by grinding and separation to separate finely dispersed fractions of the required size, providing granulation.

Phosphogypsum is extremely rich in valuable mineral and colloids, and its negative properties are largely leveled in the composition of organic mineral fertilizers.

For regions with developed production of agricultural and industrial products, a high environmental load is characteristic of the waste from these industries.

The use of both organic and mineral wastes to prevent soil degradation, reduce their fertility, and also restore the environmental situation in a number of regions is becoming the most urgent issue.

Since fresh chicken manure is the most valuable from the positions of N, P, K, the development of quick-use technologies will lead to a reduction in losses of organic matter and a reduction in the sanitary-epidemiological hazard and unpleasant odors.

Phosphogypsum is toxotronic, that is, it has the ability to liquefy under mechanical stress (shaking, mixing). Phosphogypsum is used to compost bird droppings, while sulfur binds the released ammonia to ammonium sulfate, and simultaneously released CO ₂ to calcium carbonate. The binding of 1 kg of ammonia nitrogen requires 8 kg of phosphogypsum. The chemical composition of phosphogypsum in terms of dihydrate is presented in table 1.

The moisture content in phosphogypsum was 24-28%

A study of phosphoric acid production wastes was carried out at a chemical plant in Balakovo, Saratov Region.

The composition and properties of phosphogypsum of the Balakovo Mineral Fertilizer Plant were studied.

Phosphogypsum significantly increases the enzymatic activity of the soil and leads to an increase in the number of water-resistant aggregates in the soil, an improvement in the water-physical properties of the soil and biological activity of the soil, and the number of microorganisms increases.

The use of crushed flooring (chaff), shell (husk, husk) of seeds of industrial, leguminous and cereal crops as a moisture adsorbent at the first stage in the necessary and sufficient amount, providing, first of all, the necessary and sufficient humidity, porosity of the mass, which is important to give fertilizer certain properties.

The effect of crushed sex (chaff), shell (husk, husk) of industrial seeds, legumes and cereals on the processing of bird droppings is determined by its properties:

- physico-chemical: low density up to 550 kg / m leads to an increase in pore space, therefore, the availability of oxygen to microorganisms increases: a sufficiently high sorption capacity of up to 2.5 mg / g reduces moisture and toxicological load on microorganisms, in a shorter time achieve optimal properties;

- biological: crushed floor (chaff), shell (husk, husk) of seeds of industrial, bean and cereal crops contain light hydrocarbons that are most accessible to microorganisms that enhance the process of processing bird droppings;

- environmental: the degree of utilization of a wide range of bird droppings is increased, the toxicological burden on people living nearby, flora and fauna is reduced, releasing land occupied under landfills for agricultural production.

The addition of anhydrous ammonia to the mixture leads to increased mobility of organic matter in chicken manure. In the first hours, an active alkalization of the mixture occurs, however, over time, acidification and achievement of a stable state are carried out, similarly, at the first time, the depression of microbial cenosis occurs, the number of microorganisms assimilating mineral and organic forms of nitrogen decreases. Then follows the resumption of activity of microorganisms and their rapid growth. This is explained by the fact that when liquid anhydrous ammonia is introduced into the mixture, an ammonium ion (anhydrous ammonia turns into gas and binds to the moisture of the mixture, forming ammonium hydroxide) is absorbed by exchange glauconite, phosphogypsum and litter water.

When using an insulating material, nitrogen losses were practically avoided. The properties of some residues are presented in table 2.

So, for example, the composition of all cereals is almost equivalent and amounts to:

- cotton husk contains 36-48% cellulose; 20-31% - individual; 21-27% - pectosans; water sorption capacity - 0.6-2.1%;

- sunflower husk contains 31-42% cellulose; 24-29% of the individual; 23-28% - pectosans; 52-66% - fiber; water sorption capacity - 0.8-3.4%.

Sex and other plant residues are crushed - an active energy material for the formation of humus, increase the microbiological activity of the soil. High quality nitrogen-free substances (cellulose, masks) and low content of nitrogen and mineral elements. The wide C: N ratio in the soil up to 90: 1 has a great influence on its decomposition.

Sex (chaff), shell (husk, husk) of seeds of industrial, leguminous and cereal crops provides microflora with an easy accessible source of carbon. At the same time, cellulose-degrading microorganisms experience a high demand for nitrogen. Given its small amount in the sex, microorganisms consume it from the outside, that is, from manure, phosphogypsum, glauconite, in other words, nitrogen is immobilized. Compensation of nitrogen deficiency is carried out by introducing low anhydrous nitrogen into the mixture. For the process of decomposition of sex and other vegetation, litter in a mixture in water, ammonia reaches a C: N ratio in the range of 20-30: 1. A narrower value leads to the mineralization of nitrogen compounds, and a wider one to the immobilization of nitrogen.

We used the composition of chicken manure of the poultry complex of OJSC Lysogorskaya Poultry Factory, the moisture content of which is from 42 to 73%, a lower value for the cell content of laying hens, more for young animals. The nitrogen content in the litter is an important factor in obtaining high-quality organic fertilizer. The composition of the litter also contains phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium. It should be noted that without processing, chicken droppings belong to the 3rd hazard class and affect the ecological situation in the region, at the same time it is the most valuable raw material for organic fertilizers.

Table 3 shows the composition of the chicken litter of the poultry farm of OJSC “Lysogorskaya Poultry Farm”, Lysogorsk district of Saratov region.

Appearance, color, smell - dark brown, viscous mass, with a pungent odor.

Experimental data indicate that the selected ratio of the constituents is optimal and changes in their indicators will lead to a deterioration in the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of organomineral fertilizer, as well as an increase in the cost of the process.

So the use of glauconite with phosphogypsum in a ratio of 1: 1 is the most appropriate, and exceeding them in the composition of more than 40% will only increase the cost of the product.

In some cases, for certain crops, a large amount of nitrogen is simply necessary, in others it can be detrimental to plants, therefore, in each case, its amount must be adjusted. However, when laying on the long-term storage of the obtained fertilizer, it is necessary to add nitrogen with ammonia to the maximum possible amount determined by the formula

Table 4 presents the results of a chemical analysis of organic fertilizer. It is advisable to grind the components to a size of 2-5 mm before mixing the components and remove foreign inclusions larger than 5 mm from the composition; when granulating, the component sizes are limited to 2 mm.

The results of the sanitary-bacteriological study of organomineral fertilizer for all options showed reliable sterility and environmental safety of the resulting fertilizer.

Appearance, color, smell of organic fertilizer: friable, dark gray, odorless.

The test results for the presence of heavy metals and radionuclides showed a huge decrease and insignificance in accordance with the UEC, are presented in table 5.

The inventive method of processing poultry manure into organic fertilizer allows environmentally safe on the basis of an integrated approach and waste management to ensure sanitary conditions in poultry complexes, while significantly reducing costs and improving the environmental situation. Finding the nutrients so necessary for plants in them is sufficiently prolonged throughout the entire vegetative period of plants.

After such processing, the hazard class of chicken manure from the 3rd is reduced to the 4-5th hazard class, that is, it practically does not pose a danger.

Obtained by the proposed technology organomineral complex fertilizer has the following functions

- high-speed complex organic fertilizer surpasses well-known organic fertilizers in its qualities, and in terms of speed of action is not inferior to mineral;

- it is successfully used as the main fertilizer when plowing (digging) soil, fertilizing plants and planting in furrows, holes, nests;

- for the preparation of soil mixtures for indoor plants;

- increases the yield by 30-50%, reduces the ripening time by 1.5 times, normalizes the acid-base balance of the soil, improves its water-air metabolism, improves frost resistance of plants;

- fertilizer nutrients are not washed out even with heavy watering;

- active soil forming agent.

Fertilizer has a prolonging effect for 2-3 years. The production of nitrate content is environmentally friendly. Synthetic components and salts of heavy metals are absent. Available in the form of crushed, dried organic matter or granules.

Low dose with simple application technology. Lack of weed seeds. Accelerates fruit ripening by 10-15 days. Increases productivity by 20-40%.

It contains all the nutrients necessary for plants that stimulate their development, organic substances and trace elements.

It ennobles the soil structure and increases its fertility for a long (up to 3 years) period.

Increases the resistance of plants to bacterial and fungal diseases (late blight, scab, root rot, fusarium).

It provides balanced nutrition for all crops and creates the conditions for environmentally friendly products.

Restores the humus layer.

The beneficial microflora is restored and the growth of harmful microflora is suppressed.

The optimum acidity of the soil is restored.

Optimized moisture and water supply.

The appearance of mold on the surface of the soil is excluded.

Helps to endure periods of forced drought.

With skin contact does not have a harmful effect on the human body. Non-toxic, non-flammable, non-caking.

It is very important that the nutrients are fully - up to 95% - absorbed by plants (from mineral fertilizers, plants absorb 5-15% of nutrients).

The technical result in the proposed method is achieved as follows: chicken droppings are placed on a special site covered with concrete or asphalt concrete and glauconite and phosphogypsum are added to it in a ratio of 1: 1, while its amount does not exceed 40% of the mass of the droppings, after which crushed up to 1.5 mm across the floor (chaff) or the shell of seeds of industrial legumes and cereals (oats, barley, wheat, vetch, buckwheat, sunflower, castor oil), depending on their presence in the given territory. The amount of which is limited to 18-26% humidity of the mixture. This moisture content is optimal for sufficient absorption of nitrogen from liquid anhydrous ammonia. Before the introduction of liquid anhydrous ammonia, the mixture is thoroughly mixed, when the moisture content of the mixture reaches 15-16%, it is laid in collars 1.5 m × 1.5 m long, limited by the size of the site, and covered with an airtight material, a canopy of synthetic film and introduced into the mixture anhydrous liquid ammonia by injection using special tankers ABA-0.5 based on the dose per ton of mixture to obtain the ratio C: N 20 ÷ 30: 1. After 6-12 hours, the humidity of the mixture decreases to 12-14% due to some inertia in the accumulation of moisture by plant waste in the form of chopped floor, husks, husks of industrial seeds, legumes and cereals. The moisture content of the organic-mineral mixture is controlled in spans or shoulders prior to granulation.

The amount of ammonia introduced is limited by the maximum absorption of nitrogen by the mixture within the C: N ratio of 20 ÷ 30: 1 and its fixation by glauconite, phosphogypsum, litter and / or manure and is determined from the expression:

where A is the degree of saturation of the mixture with nitrogen,%;

m _p - the amount of nitrogen absorbed by ammonia, kg;

m _in - the amount of nitrogen introduced with ammonia, kg

it should be borne in mind that the total amount of ammonia introduced must comply with the generally accepted norms for the introduction of nitrogen for a particular culture. For example, at the rate of 60-100 tons of mixture per hectare, the maximum dose for degraded soils or soils requiring restoration of fertility or by crops, this figure can be from 10 to 40 tons per hectare.

Example 1

One ton of chicken droppings with a humidity of 72% was placed on the site. 200 kg of glauconite and 200 kg of phosphogypsum were added, added in layers at the same time as the ground floor was mixed with a moisture content of 8%. When the mixture reached a moisture content of 15%, it was laid in piles 1.5 m high, 1.5 m wide and 20 meters long. At the end of the collar formation, no discharge from the mixture was harmful with a pungent odor.

After which the mixture was covered with an airtight canopy with a lap at the edges of up to 1 meter. Ammonia was introduced with a needle with a diameter of 16 mm and a length of 1.5 m. Injections were carried out with a dose of 10 to 30 kg of liquid ammonia per ton, while the content of mineral nitrogen in the mixture reached 20-25 kg. After exposure for 12 hours, the mixture was stirred and prepared for shipment. The absorption of nitrogen in the mixture is 100%, and its moisture content reached 10-12%.

When wet granulating, plant residues require one third less.

Example 2 (obtaining granular organic fertilizer)

Chicken droppings with a moisture content of 72.6% were mixed with glauconite in a ratio of 1.0: 0.2: 0.2 with the addition of ground spring wheat with a moisture content of 8.0%. Upon reaching a moisture content of the mixture of 15%, it was transported by a Noria type conveyor to the chopper hopper. After grinding in a hammer mill necessary to obtain high-quality granules, the mixture is transported to the hopper-dispenser of the press granulator, where, if necessary, the humidity of the mixture is adjusted and its saturation with micro and macro elements, fed to the granulator and granulated, then the granules are cooled and sieved. Further, the granules enter the finished product dispensing hopper, from where they are placed into small bags in paper bags or in big-bags. When packing granules into big-bag bags, the introduction of liquid anhydrous ammonia is carried out directly into big-bag bags, when packing into smaller containers (paper multilayer bags), ammonia is introduced into the granular organic-mineral fertilizer in the required amount in the finished product bin. Humidity of chilled granules is 6-8% and after 36 hours, complete assimilation of nitrogen from ammonia by granules is recorded.

Samples were tested for toxicity:

1. Sample - raw chicken droppings. For analysis, an aqueous extract was taken from chicken manure untreated without dilution and at a dilution of 1:10. In the control, three series of experiments were carried out with cultured and distilled water.

2. Sample a mixture of chicken manure with the addition of 200 kg of glauconite and phosphogypsum treated with liquid anhydrous ammonia at the rate of 1 kg per ton of mixture. The sample was aged for 12 hours. For analysis, an aqueous extract was taken from the treated litter without dilution and at a dilution of 1:10.

The hazard class of the water extract was determined by the bioassay method according to the standard method for determining the toxicity of water and water extracts from soils, sewage sludge, waste:

- the survival of the test object Daphnia magna Straus by exposure time 48 hours.

Ecotoxicological studies using the bioassay method are presented in table 6.

The results obtained indicate a 100% reduction in the toxicity of the resulting organic fertilizer, and has a hazard class V for OPS.

In accordance with SanPiN 2.1.7.1322-03 “Hygienic requirements for the placement and disposal of production and consumption waste”, the waste is practically not hazardous, can be stored both on the territory of the main enterprise and outside it in the form of specially stored dumps and storages.

Claims (11)

1. A method of processing poultry manure into organic fertilizer, including laying and mixing manure with mineral and organic fillers, characterized in that the mineral fillers - enriched natural glauconite and phosphogypsum are used in a ratio of 1: 1, but not more than 40% of the weight of the litter, and as an organic component use crushed chaff, seed coat of industrial, leguminous and cereal crops, add and mix until the mixture reaches a moisture content of 15-16% for both loose and granular vannogo organomineral fertilizer, after forming shoulder mixture isolated from the environment and granulated organomineral fertilizer is packed in airtight packaging and introduced into liquid anhydrous ammonia in a necessary and sufficient amount, a limited maximum digestibility of nitrogen from ammonia, determined from the expression:

where A is the degree of saturation of the mixture with nitrogen,%; m _p - the amount of nitrogen absorbed from ammonia, kg; m _in - the amount of nitrogen introduced with ammonia, kg, then carry out exposure for at least 12 hours, mix and ship to the consumer. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the necessary and sufficient reduction in the degree of toxicity is determined by the expression:

where P is the degree of reduction in toxicity of the mixture,%; T _n - initial actual litter toxicity by% survival of Daphnia magna Straus; T _to - the final value of the toxicity of the obtained product by% survival of Daphnia magna Straus.