RU2702729C1 - Method of application of hippotherapy for children suffering from cerebral palsy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to hippotherapy, and can be used in selecting and preparing a horse for hippotherapy in children suffering from cerebral palsy. That is ensured by selection of 5-year-old horses of height 145–160 cm. Horse is trained to child mounting by means of an auxiliary means for mounting on a horse until the child achieves a confident position on a horse. Method includes teaching a smooth rhythmic, measured walk when changing the position of the rider, training for the beginning of movement of the horse both from the voice and tactile action of the legs. Accustoming to operation with auxiliary objects is taught. Herewith, to train a horse to child mounting by means of an auxiliary means for mounting on a horse to achieve a confident position of a child on a horse, an auxiliary means for mounting is placed on the left side of the horse. Coach teaches horse to stand motionless until complete mounting. If a horse fulfills this condition, then it is encouraged with a sweet product. To teach a straight, rhythmic, measured walk when the rider is sitting facing forward, active walk is developed for no more than 45 minutes by repeated repetition for 10–15 minutes of combination of actions consisting of horse training to move from action of foot of rider from knee to ankle and / or from loud and precise pronunciation of command "walk". To train a horse without fear of a rider in different positions, the following actions are performed: when sitting backwards, the turns are repeated more than 10 times from sitting position, face forward in sitting position, face back, by moving legs through horse neck and croup. When training a horse for sideways sitting mounting, the person to the right changes the position from the sitting face forward to the sitting face back with movement of the legs through the neck and croup of horses with subsequent change of position on sitting sideways to the left. When teaching a horse for stomach lying head to horse head mounting, a child is mounted closer to a horse's waist facing its head, his/her arms are stretched forward and are put on horses neck. When training a horse to work with auxiliary objects, it is first given a sniff, and then an auxiliary object is thrown between the rider and the person standing near the horse from hands to hands.

EFFECT: method provides adequate selection and further training of horses, which provides development of passive-active poses on a horse without a saddle, treatment with a gradual course of the child's participation increase in each posture and reduced participation of the instructor and parent, adaptation of the child to the horse.

1 cl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to hippotherapy, in particular to the preparation of horses of various breeds for hippotherapy.

Hippotherapy is one of the types of alternative medicine in which the patient’s body is affected directly by riding a horse, which not only treats seriously ill patients, but also provides a complex of recreational and health services of a physical, psychological, social and pedagogical nature, aimed at restoring strength the person spent in the process of study or work, the creation of health reserves, the development of psychophysiological and intellectual qualities of each person, the increase in value culture, culture of work and rest.

A technical solution is known (see RF patent 2651902, class А61Н 1/00, А61Н 7/00, 2018), including therapeutic horse riding, the development of passively active postures on a horse without a saddle, treatment with a gradual increase in the participation rate the child during each pose and reducing the participation of the instructor and parent, adaptation of the child to the horse - putting the child on the horse with the help of the instructor and parent and guiding the horse in steps for 25-30 minutes with a sitting or lying child, depending on its capabilities; then, during 10 lessons, the child, on a moving step of the horse, learns poses aimed at creating a general functional balance: sitting face forward, back, sitting sideways face to the left, right along the movement of the horse, lying on his back, on his stomach — along the horse head to its head, to the tail, lying across the horse on the stomach, on the back - head to the right, left in movement.

The disadvantage is the lack of preparation of horses for hippotherapy directly for each child.

There is a method of selecting and preparing horses for hippotherapy, which involves the selection of horses of 5 years of age, 145-160 cm tall, with a wide, fairly long back with well-developed muscles, medium or low withers, legs with the right set, providing the maximum therapeutic effect, with temperament, creating a suitable therapeutic step, accustoming the horse to the child’s landing with the help of auxiliary means until his confident position on the horse is achieved, training in an even, rhythmic, measured step p When changing the position of the rider, orienting the horse to the breeder with the help of training to start the movement of the horse, both from the voice and from the tactile influence of the legs, accustoming to working with an auxiliary object and modeling the situation of the lesson with the help of an assistant acting as a patient, in order to assess readiness of the horse for classes with children with disabilities (M.Yu. Safonova / Center for the development of recreational riding. "PolyEco". "Center for the rehabilitation of disabled children" Our Sunny World ", - Moscow, 2010. http: //www.poly-eco .com / articles-7.html). However, this method does not take into account all the subtleties of individual selection of horses for each child, depending on the degree of the disease.

The technical result is to increase the effectiveness of individual selection of horses for each child, depending on the degree of the disease ..

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of selecting and preparing a horse for hippotherapy in children with cerebral palsy, including the selection of horses of 5 years of age, 145-160 cm tall, trained horses to ride a child with the help of a horse-riding aid until a child of a confident position on a horse, training in an even rhythmic, measured step when changing the position of a rider, training on the beginning of a horse’s movement, both from the voice and from the tactile influence of the legs, accustoming to work with about auxiliary objects, according to the invention, for teaching a horse to sit a child with the help of a horse-riding aid in order to achieve a confident position of the child on the horse, the horse-riding aid is placed on the left side of the horse, the trainer teaches the horse to stand motionless until the horse is fully seated, if the horse fulfills this condition, it is encouraged by a sweet product; to learn an even, rhythmic, measured step when the rider is sitting facing forward, an active step is developed for no more than 45 minutes by repeatedly repeating in 10-15 minutes a combination of actions consisting of teaching the horse to move from the impact of the rider’s legs from the knee to the ankle and / or from a loud and clear pronunciation of the command "step"; To train a horse to move, not being afraid of a rider in different positions, they perform the following actions: when sitting face back, repeat turns more than 10 times from a sitting position, face forward in a sitting position, face back, by moving legs across the neck and croup of a horse; when training a horse to sit, sitting sideways face to the right, change the position from sitting face forward to sitting face back with legs moving across the neck and croup of the horse, followed by a change in position on the side sitting face to the left; when training a horse for landing, lying on its stomach with his head to the horse’s head, they put the child closer to the horse’s lower back facing his head, lay him, arms stretched forward and put their horses on the neck; when training a horse to work with auxiliary objects, they are first given the smell of them and then the auxiliary object is thrown between the rider and the person standing near the horse from hand to hand, in the selection method according to the invention, a ball or a hoop is used as auxiliary objects, or a toy, or a rattle.

The novelty of the proposal is that due to the effective selection and training of horses, an individual approach to hippotherapy classes with patients with cerebral palsy is provided.

The method of selection and preparation of a horse for hippotherapy in children with cerebral palsy is as follows.

The selection and preparation of the horse is carried out individually for each child. To effectively influence the rider, the horse must meet the following requirements:

1. By exterior features:

- a small height of 145-160 cm at the withers (the need is to conduct classes safely, in case of unforeseen circumstances, the instructor is obliged to freely remove the patient from the horse without causing him any inconvenience);

- the shoulder girdle and the pelvic limb girdle should be developed equally (the horse should have the so-called “corridor” when walking, it should not loop from side to side);

- should be compactly folded, with the correct exterior, with an average width of the back;

- with a measured, rhythmic step;

2. By characteristic and sexual characteristics:

Sexual characteristics are not so important, that is, hippotherapy can use both mares and stallions, and geldings of various age categories, starting from 5 years of age, the main thing is to meet the requirements:

- the horse should obediently, adequately relate to all manipulations by the instructor and to all irrelevant actions from the patient;

- should not be afraid of extraneous loud sounds (whistle, screaming, clap, music, car, flying plane);

- should not be afraid of bright objects (ball, hoop, bright ribbons, etc.)

- Should adequately respond to unexpected, sudden movements (wave arms and legs, etc.).

An example of a specific implementation of the method of selection and preparation of a horse for hippotherapy in children with cerebral palsy.

The proposed method was developed on the basis of the equestrian club "Ostapenko" (Krasnodar Territory, St. Elizavetinskaya).

Training horses.

1. Riding a horse (with the help of an auxiliary landing curbstone), it is necessary to train the horse to stand motionless until the rider (patient) is confidently sitting. A curbstone is placed on the left side of the horse, the trainer teaches the horse to stand motionless until it is fully seated, if the horse fulfills this condition, then it is encouraged with a sweet product (refined sugar, apple slice, etc.).

2. It is necessary to train the horse in an even, rhythmic, measured step when the rider is sitting facing forward, an active step should be developed during the entire training session, which takes about 45 minutes, while the rider training the horse must be taught to move it both from the legs and from voices (moving the horse with the shankel (the Shankel is the part of the rider’s leg facing the horse from the knee to the ankle), it is necessary to pronounce “step!” loudly and clearly, thereby we teach the horse to start moving both from the voice and from the leg. workout It’s important to repeat this combination for about 10-15 minutes until the horse starts to perform it perfectly from the voice. According to the results of previous trainings, it turned out that 45 minutes is enough for one training session, as half of the time is spent on training, and the rest is time to consolidate skills. 10-15 minutes when performing combinations of actions is enough to warm up and warm up the muscles.

3. In order to train the horse to move without fear of the rider (patient) who is sitting on it face back, it is necessary to repeat the exercise about 10-15 times (turns from the sitting position facing forward to the sitting position facing back, with legs moving across the neck and horse croup). At 10 repetitions, the horse gets used to the rider and is not afraid of him, and at 15 repetitions, the horse’s addiction is fixed.

4. When training a horse to sit side-to-side sitting to the right, when changing the position from sitting face forward to sitting face back, with legs moving across the horse’s neck and croup, fix on the side and walk about 4-5 meters, then change position on the sitting side face to the left and also walk 4-5 meters. For children with cerebral palsy, at the beginning of the training there should be a small distance of 4-5 meters, otherwise the child may not be able to stand it, and it is necessary to observe a rectilinear movement when changing the pose on the horse.

5. Teaching the horse the position of the rider lying on his stomach along the horse head to tail, it is necessary to carefully turn his back to the horse’s head and face towards the tail without sharp movements, then gradually, leaning on the horse’s waist with both hands, bend down, if the horse calmly reacted, then lie on a horse with your arms straight and resting them on the croup. The animal must pass with the given position of the rider, for a start, about 6 meters.

6. Preparing the animal for the position of the rider lying on his stomach with his head to the horse’s head, sitting closer to the horse’s lower back facing his head, lie down stretching your arms forward and putting them on the neck. It is necessary to overcome up to 6-7 meters in this position.

7. When preparing the horse for work with auxiliary objects (ball, small hoop, soft toy, rattle, etc.), you must first let her smell the object, and then throw the object between the rider and the person standing near the horse hands.

If the horse responds adequately to these manipulations, then it is possible to gradually increase the distance, time of training, types of exercises and a variety of toys.

Preparation and manipulation are carried out with the help of a partner, who, walking nearby, holds a horse and pronounces commands. By the end of the preparation, the horse must react and change the gait with the help of voice commands, and it is also necessary that she pass a control, verification session, in which one of the trainers will portray the patient, and the horse will need to complete all the tasks assigned to her.

1. An example of the application of the proposed method.

Rogozhkina Zlata, 3 g.

Diagnosis: cerebral palsy. Double hemiplegia. Deep paralysis of all four limbs, motor capabilities are minimal, muscle tone is increased, severe immobility.

Before rehabilitation, the proposed method: the child could not hold his head, sit. For treatment, a 4.5-year-old mare was chosen, 147 cm tall. At the withers, the shoulder girdle and the pelvic limb girdle are equally developed, compactly folded, with the correct exterior, with an average back width, with a measured, rhythmic step, with a submissive, adequate attitude towards all manipulations by the instructor and all irrelevant actions by the patient, without fear. Treatment using this horse selected and prepared by the proposed method took 14 days. As a result of treatment, a positive effect was achieved:

1. “muscular” corset strengthened and the function of the vestibular apparatus improved;

2. marked decrease in muscle tone.

3. fatigue decreased.

2. An example of the use of hippotherapy treatment using selection and preparation of horses according to the method of M.Yu. Safonova (Center for the development of recreational riding. "PolyEco." "Center for the rehabilitation of disabled children" Our Sunny World ", - Moscow, 2010.)

Ermolenko Inna, 4 g.

Diagnosis: cerebral palsy.

Before rehabilitation, the proposed method: the child did not walk, poorly kept his balance, was afraid to swing on a swing.

As a result of treatment, a positive effect was achieved within 30 days:

- improved coordination of movement;

- began to walk with support;

- ceased to be afraid to swing on a swing.

Claims (2)

1. A method for selecting and preparing a horse for hippotherapy in children with cerebral palsy, including selecting horses of 5 years of age, 145-160 cm in height, accustoming a horse to a child using a horse-riding aid until the child reaches a confident position on horses, training in an even rhythmic, measured step when changing the position of the rider, training on the beginning of the horse’s movement, both from the voice and from the tactile influence of the legs, accustoming to work with auxiliary objects, different the fact that in order to teach a horse to ride a child with the help of a horse-riding aid in order to achieve a confident position of the child on the horse, the horse-riding aid is placed on the left side of the horse, the trainer teaches the horse to stand motionless until the horse is fully seated if the horse fulfills this condition, then it is encouraged by a sweet product; to learn an even, rhythmic, measured step when the rider is sitting facing forward, an active step is developed for no more than 45 minutes by repeatedly repeating for 10-15 minutes a combination of actions consisting of teaching the horse to move from the impact of the rider’s legs from the knee to the ankle and / or from a loud and clear pronunciation of the command "step"; To train a horse to move, without fear of a rider in different positions, they perform the following actions: when sitting face back, repeat turns more than 10 times from a sitting position, face forward in a sitting position, face back, by moving legs across the neck and croup of a horse ; when training a horse to sit sideways, sitting sideways to the right, change the position from sitting face first to sitting face back with legs moving across the neck and croup of the horse, followed by a change in position on the side sitting face to the left; when training a horse for landing, lying on his stomach with his head to the horse’s head, they put the child closer to the horse’s lower back facing his head, lay him, arms stretched forward and put their horses on the neck; when training a horse to work with auxiliary objects, give it to them to smell at first, and then throw the auxiliary object between the rider and the person standing near the horse from hand to hand. 2. The method of selection and preparation of a horse for hippotherapy in children with cerebral palsy according to claim 1, characterized in that as ancillary items use a ball or hoop, or a toy, or a rattle.