RU2701967C1 - Method for preparation of balanced feedstuffs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural production and can be used in production of feedstuffs. Method includes loading of grain components of feedstuffs, seed cake and micro- and macro-additives and their distribution into receiving bins, preliminary mixing of grain components and cakes with subsequent crushing of mixture crusher or conditioner, supplying micro-, macro-additives and milled grain mixture to a volume mixer for final mixing, sending the obtained feedstuff for preservation or feeding. New process equipment of the shop-module implementing the method allows to introduce a new component – seed cake – into the composition of the feedstuff, as well as to optimize the grinding machines operation – crushers and grain crushers.

EFFECT: invention usage allows to improve balance of produced feedstuffs by protein, and also to increase efficiency of their preparation.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production and can be used in the production of animal feed for feeding various groups of animals in agricultural enterprises.

A known method of preparation of animal feed, carried out by the installation for the preparation of animal feed [Installation for the preparation of animal feed: A. with. No. 1604341 USSR: MKI ⁵ A23N 17/00 / I.S. Nagorsky, A.A. Yatsevich, A.D. Seleznev, I.I. Iodo, N.A. Belyaev (USSR). - No. 4618750 / 30-15; declared 12/13/84; publ. 11/07/90, Bull. No. 41. - 4 p.], Including the acceptance of grain and soft components of mixed feed by receiving hoppers, the distribution of components by loading and unloading devices to the appropriate hoppers, the continuous collection feed of the desired type of grain according to the recipe for preparing mixed feeds, in the necessary quantity regulated by volumetric batchers from one or several receiving hoppers for crushing by a crusher followed by unloading of crushed grain into a continuous screw mixer, mixing in this screw of crushed grain composites ENTOV soft additives (BDV, grass meal, premixes, etc.) entering the required amount similar grain additives from respective receiving hoppers soft component, unloading of the finished feed screw mixer for storage or feeding of animals. The method ensures the production of the required amount of the obtained product, but has certain drawbacks in its quality: in this installation, the hopper-dispensers do not ensure the accuracy of dosing of the components according to the recipe used for the preparation of compound feed both for crushed grain and for micronutrients with fillers due to the continuity of the process, and the conveyor-mixer is also continuous, therefore, it prepares a mixture of low quality according to the degree of mixing. All this negatively affects the quality of the manufactured product - feed for various groups of farm animals: its effectiveness when feeding is reduced.

The prior art method for the preparation of animal feed [Method for the preparation of animal feed: patent No. 2563689 Ros. Federation, IPC A23N 17/00 / Sysuev V.A., Savinykh P.A., Turubanov N.V., Chernyatiev N.A., Kazakov V.A., Saytov V.E .; Applicant and patent holder State Scientific Institution Zonal Research Institute of Agriculture of the North-East named after N.V. Rudnitsky Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. - No. 2014113057/13; declared 04/03/2014; publ. 09/20/2015, Bull No. 26. - 4 p.], The closest in technological and technical essence to the proposed invention and therefore taken as a prototype. The method is carried out by the workshop module for the preparation of compound feed and includes loading the grain components of compound feed and micro-, macroadditives into the appropriate receivers with their subsequent distribution to the receiving hoppers, dosed loading of the grain components of the compound feed through the weight hopper into the volume mixer and their preliminary mixing, feeding the grain mixes through the storage hopper for grinding with a crusher or conditioner, dosed supply of micro-, macroadditives and crushed grain mixture to the cycle In normal operation, a volume mixer for final mixing, unloading from the mixer and sending feed to be stored or fed. Due to the introduction of additional processing of feed components, microadditives and the use of volumetric mixing of the components, the method provides a high-quality product.

The disadvantages of the method adopted for the prototype: the shop module, which prepares the feed, does not have the ability, due to its design, to use the meal (cake) as one of the components of the resulting product (feed), which negatively affects the balance of the feed for protein; the efficiency of the crusher and conditioner is low due to the inability to maintain the operation of these grinding machines at the optimum engine load level using the existing switchgear, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of the feed mill, and, ultimately, negatively affects the stable operation and efficiency of the entire technological process of obtaining high-quality feed for various groups of farm animals.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for preparing balanced feed, providing through the introduction of new feed components to improve the balance of the resulting feed for protein, which will increase the efficiency of the feed when it is fed, and through the use of additional processing equipment that optimizes the loading and operation of grinding machines of the module shop, implementing a method that, ultimately, will increase the efficiency of the preparation of animal feed.

The tasks are solved by the proposed method for preparing balanced compound feeds.

A method of preparing balanced compound feeds, including loading grain components of compound feeds and micro-, macro additives in appropriate receivers, followed by their distribution into receiving hoppers, dosed loading of grain components of compound feed through a weight hopper into a volume mixer and their preliminary mixing, feeding the grain mixture through a storage hopper to crushing by a crusher or conditioner, dosing of micro-, macroadditives and crushed grain mixture into a cyclic volume mixer for final mixing, unloading from the mixer and sending compound feed for storage or feeding, characterized in that the cake, which is the source of protein, is fed through the receiver to the pulverizer and from it through the elevator and receiver into the appropriate hopper and from there dosed into the volumetric a mixer for mixing with grain components, and the mixed components of the feed are sent from the intermediate hopper for grinding by crushing or flattening through a reversing feeder screw with electronic m speed controller, supporting the operation of grinding machines at optimal performance.

The invention consists in the following. It is proposed to equip the workshop module implementing the invention (method) with a line for introducing into the feed composition an additional component - meal (meal), which are the source of protein and balance the feed produced by it. The meal is fed to its receiving device, from it to the meal shredder to obtain the technologically necessary particle size, then, successively with the grain components, the meal is sent through the elevator and receiver to the appropriate hopper, where, according to the compound feed recipe, it is dosed into the mixer for mixing with grain components and then the resulting mixture is processed according to the selected technology. The use of an additional protein component will make it possible to produce better feed, balanced by protein, which is very important for obtaining livestock products at the lowest cost.

The invention also proposes for introducing a grain mixture for grinding (crushing or flattening) from an intermediate hopper to introduce a reversing feeder screw with an electronic speed control into the equipment of the module workshop that implements a method for preparing balanced compound feeds. Reversible auger design allows feeding feed components for this or that processing, and the electronic controller maintains the operation of grinding machines at optimal performance, which leads to more economical operation of the engines of these machines and stabilizes their process, resulting in a more even particle size distribution of the crushed mixture, which , ultimately, increases the reliability of the manufacturing process and the efficiency of the produced feed.

Based on the foregoing, the new feed mill for the preparation of balanced mixed feeds solves the problems posed by the invention: it provides, by introducing new components into the feed composition, improving the balance of the resulting feed for protein, which will increase their efficiency when feeding, and by installing additional processing equipment in the workshop a module for implementing the method provides optimization of the loading and operation of grinding machines, which, ultimately, increases the efficiency the preparation of animal feed.

The drawing shows a structural and technological diagram of a method for preparing balanced feed and workshop module for its implementation.

The workshop module for the preparation of animal feed contains a receiver of grain components 1 with a distribution device 2, a receiver of oil cake (cake) 3, a scraper conveyor of cake (cake) 4, a meal chopper (cake) 5, elevators 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, distribution devices 11 and 12, receiving hoppers of grain components 13, cake (meal) 14 and micro, macro additives 15, respectively, volume mixer of grain components 16, volume mixer of crushed grain components and micro, macro additives 17, crusher 18, grain conditioner 19, intermediate weighing bin 20, about ore mined by tensometric metering scales 21, an intermediate hopper of the grain mixture 22 with a reversing screw feeder 23 having an electronic speed control 24, an intermediate hopper of ground grain 25, a storage hopper of the finished product 26.

The method of preparing balanced feed, carried out by the module workshop, is as follows. The initial grain components are sequentially loaded into the receiver of the grain components 1, from where each component is fed to the separate receiving hopper of the grain components 13 by means of a distribution device 2 using the elevator 6; meal (cake) through the receiver 3, scraper conveyor 4, meal chopper (cake) 5 and elevator 6 are fed into the receiving hopper meal (cake) 14; micro- and macroadditives are loaded into the receiving hopper 15. Then the necessary grain components from the hoppers 10 according to the recipe, and the meal (cake) from the hopper 14 is sequentially sent through the noria 7 to the intermediate grain hopper 20, equipped with tensometric weighing weigher 21, which control the weight of the incoming in this bunker 20 of each type of grain, as well as meal: when it receives the required amount, the metering scale 21 gives a signal and transfers the feed to the bunker 20 of another type of grain component or meal (meal); the process is repeated until all the grain components and meal (cake) in the required mass quantity are poured into the intermediate weighing bin 20 - one of the objectives of the invention is solved - a new compound feed component has been introduced, balancing the compound feed by protein and thereby improving its quality. Next, from the intermediate weighing bin 20, the components of the feed are fed for preliminary mixing into the volume mixer of the components 16 and mixed in it. From the mixer 16 by noriya 8, the mixed components enter the intermediate hopper of the grain mixture 18 and through the newly installed reversible screw feeder 23, which has an electronic speed control 24, to grind it with a grinder 18 or conditioner 19, depending on the requirements of the recipe for the produced feed. The reversible design of the screw feeder 23 allows you to feed the components of the feed for a particular processing (grinding by crusher 18 or conditioner 19), and the electronic speed controller of the screw 24 due to the possibility of changing the speed of the screw in the screw feeder 23 and, as a consequence, the performance of the screw -feeder 23, allows you to feed the grain mixture for grinding in the right amount and thereby maintain the operation of machines 18 and 19 at optimal performance, which leads to more economical operation of the engines of these machines and stabilizes their technological process, as a result of which a more even particle size distribution of the crushed mixture is obtained, which, ultimately, increases the reliability and efficiency of the technological process of obtaining and using the produced feed. Then, the crushed mixture of grain components and meal (cake) is fed by noriya 6 into the intermediate hopper of crushed grain 25 and from it into the volume mixer of crushed grain components and micro-macro additives 17, which also receive the necessary quantity of micro-, macro additives from the receiving bins 15 using the distributor 11 for final mixing, after which the finished feed from the mixer 17 is sent using the distributor 12 to the elevator 10 and through it to the storage hopper the new product 26, from where it is taken for feeding to animals or preservation.

Thus, the use of the present invention, a method of preparing balanced compound feeds, provides, due to the introduction of new components in the feed composition, an improvement in the balance of the resulting compound feeds by protein, which will increase their efficiency when feeding, and by installing additional processing equipment in the workshop module for implementing the method, optimization of loading and operation of grinding machines, which, ultimately, increases the efficiency of the preparation of animal feed.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing balanced compound feeds, including loading grain components of compound feeds and micro-, macro additives in appropriate receivers, followed by their distribution into receiving hoppers, dosed loading of grain components of compound feed through a weight hopper into a volume mixer and their preliminary mixing, feeding the grain mixture through a storage hopper to crushing by a crusher or conditioner, dosing of micro-, macroadditives and crushed grain mixture into a cyclic volume the second mixer for final mixing, unloading from the mixer and sending the compound feed for storage or feeding, characterized in that the cake is used as a protein source in the compound feed, which is fed through the receiving device to the chopper and from it through the elevator and receiver to the corresponding hopper, and then dosed into a volume mixer for mixing with grain components, while the mixed components of the feed are sent from the intermediate hopper for grinding by crushing or flattening through a rever ivny screw-feeder with an electronic speed regulator, supporting the work of grinding machines for optimal performance.

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