RU2545951C2 - Mobile installation for preparation of fodder-and-medicinal mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for production of fodder-and-medicinal mixtures by veterinary services for prevention, elimination and prophylaxis of diseases at centres of contagion and seasonal cattle grazing locations. The mobile installation includes a grinder with a receptacle bin, a mixer, a device for source components charging and the ready product discharging. The installation is equipped with a standalone diesel generator for energisation of the equipment electric drives, a crusher with pneumatic filler intake, two double-shaft blade mixers, a precision tensometric hopper scale with a weight measurement terminal having a digital interface connected to the microprocessor unit equipped with a hardware-and-software suite enabling conductance of all technological operations in automatic mode.

EFFECT: invention usage allows to enhance feedstuffs quality.

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Description

The invention relates to equipment for the production of feed mixtures by veterinary services in order to prevent, eliminate and prevent diseases in foci of infection and places of seasonal grazing.

The closest in technical essence is a small feed mill [Pat. RF №2050151, IPC A23N 17/00. Small-sized feed mill. Klychev E.M. (RU), Titov A.V. (RU), Novozhilov M.V. (RU). Application No. 93009387/15. Stated 02/18/93, published 12/20/95, bull. No. 35], including a chopper with a receiving hopper, a mixer, a device for loading the starting components and unloading the finished product. The unit is mounted on a frame with wheels. The chopper is mounted directly on the mixer and is made of a horizontal double-disc with a lower rotating disk. The mixer is equipped with a vertical hollow shaft, inside of which the chopper shaft is coaxially mounted. A device for loading the starting components and unloading the finished product is combined and made in the form of a screw conveyor adjacent to the mixer. The chopper, mixer and conveyor drive is made from a single engine using V-belt drives.

The disadvantages of this installation are the low quality of the grinding of the preparations, the low quality of mixing, the lack of an own source of electricity, the lack of dosing directly with the equipment of the unit, the low level of autonomy, all operations for turning the equipment on and off are carried out manually, and, as a result, the lack of guaranteed quality of the mixture and low productivity.

An object of the invention is to ensure sufficient autonomy and productivity, reducing manual operations to the lowest possible level, increasing the accuracy of dosing and ensuring the guaranteed quality of the feed preparation.

The task is achieved in that in a mobile installation for the preparation of feed mixtures, including a chopper with a receiving hopper, a mixer, a device for loading the starting components and unloading the finished product, the new one is that the installation is equipped with an autonomous diesel generator for powering the equipment’s electric drives, a crusher with pneumatic intake filler, two twin-shaft paddle mixers with a rocker valve, high-precision strain gauge hopper scales with a weight measuring a minimum with a digital interface connected to a microprocessor unit equipped with a hardware-software complex that allows you to perform all technological operations in an automated mode.

Figure 1 presents a front view of a mobile installation for preparing feed mixtures, figure 2 is a top view of a mobile installation, figure 3 is a cross section aa in figure 1.

The mobile unit is designed for the production of feed mixtures in agricultural enterprises with distant and grazing livestock. It provides the preparation of feed mixtures based on animal feed and crushed grain mixtures with the use of drugs of various forms produced by the industry.

The installation includes frame 1; block of storage bins 2; batch mixer 3; strain gauge hopper 4; screw conveyors 5, 18 and 19; screw feeders 6; rotary crusher 7; ball mill 8; laboratory balance 9; diesel generator 10; supply capacity 11; a dispenser for introducing liquid components 12; air hose 13; power cabinet 14; control cabinet 15; pneumatic distributor 16 and sample mixer 17.

The mobile installation is made in the form of a separate module, which is mounted on the chassis of a car or trailer of the corresponding carrying capacity and cross-country ability. The design of the mobile unit enables its assembly into a single technological module with the possibility of its installation on the trailer platform. The layout of the mobile installation provides a rational arrangement of equipment and structural elements, the maximum free access to each equipment for its installation and dismantling.

The diesel generator 10 provides electricity to all technological, transport, laboratory, microprocessor and lighting equipment of the mobile installation and thereby ensures complete autonomy of the installation, allowing for the production of feed mixtures in the field.

The technological process of preparation of feed mixtures includes the following operations:

- sampling, grinding and feeding into the storage bins of the grain filler from the place of its storage;

- the fence and feed into the storage bins of compound feed used as a filler from the place of its storage;

- preparation of servings of drugs;

- dispensing the filler and feeding it to the mixer production batches;

- the supply of pre-prepared and weighted drugs to the mixer of test portions;

- the supply of drugs in liquid form to the mixers;

- mixing drugs with a filler in a batch mixer;

- unloading the feed mixture from the mixer of production batches and supplying it to the consumer packaging;

- dispensing the filler and feeding it into the mixer of test portions;

- the supply of pre-prepared and weighted drugs to the mixer of test portions;

- mixing drugs with a filler in a mixer of test portions;

- unloading the feed preparation from the mixer of test portions and supplying it to the consumer packaging;

- unloading the feed preparation from the mixer of test portions and feeding it to the mixer of production batches.

All technological operations, with the exception of the preparation of drugs, are performed in an automated mode.

Mobile installation for the preparation of feed mixtures works as follows.

An autonomous diesel generator 10 is turned on, which supplies voltage to power the electric drives of the equipment.

Rotary crusher 7 with a flexible receiving sleeve takes grain from the storage places, crushes it and feeds it through the pneumatic hose 13 to the storage bins 2. When using compound feed as a filler, sieves are removed from the crusher 7 and the crusher is used only as an air loader. The redistribution of the product in the storage hoppers 2 is carried out by switching the position of the overflow valve 16.

Storage bins 2 are equipped with upper level sensors, when triggered, the rotary crusher 7 is automatically turned off. Loaded in storage bins 2 filler is transported to the places of preparation of feed mixtures.

In accordance with a given recipe, from the storage bins 2, the filler is fed by one of two (depending on the recipe) screw feeder 6 into the strain gauge hopper 4. The filling process of the strain gauge hopper 4 is controlled by a microprocessor. When reaching the weight of the filler in the hopper 90% of the set value, the rotation speed of the working body of the screw feeder 6 is reduced to 20-30% of the nominal to ensure the minimum dosing error. Stop screw feeder 6 is made taking into account the amendments established by the operator empirically.

A portion of the filler is fed by a reversing conveyor 5 to the batch mixer 3 or the sample batch mixer 17.

The mixer 3 is used for the final mixing of the production batch of the feed mixture. The mixer 17 is used for the preparation of test batches of the mixture and for the preparation of the preliminary mixture for its further supply to the final mixing of the production batch in the mixer 3.

The mixer of production batches 3 — a two-shaft, paddle, periodic action — is a welded steel structure consisting of a housing, inside of which are two horizontal shafts rotating in opposite directions. On each shaft, there are 14 blades: main and end blades at an angle defined to it. In the upper part of the mixer 3 above the blade shafts there is a device for introducing liquids, including a distribution manifold with nozzles.

The installation is intended for the use of drugs, both in solid and in liquid forms. For this, pre-prepared portions of drugs in liquid form are poured into a consumable container 11, from which they are fed into the mixer 3 by a metering pump. The preparations in solid form are weighed on a laboratory balance 9, crushed, if necessary, in a laboratory ball mill 8. Individual preparations in a laboratory ball mill 8 are mixed with small portions of the filler.

The operation of all equipment of the installation with the exception of laboratory balance 9 and laboratory ball mill 8 is controlled using an automated control cabinet 15.

In the mixer of test portions 17, in accordance with a predetermined time, the filler is mixed with pre-prepared drugs, which are loaded into the mixer after filling it with filler.

The prepared portion of the dosed components from the hopper located under the mixer of the test portions 17 can be transported in two directions.

In the first case, when preparing the finished feed-drug mixture, unloading from the hopper under the mixer 17 with the appropriate position of the flap valve is performed by a screw conveyor 18 directly into the consumer's container.

In the second case, when preparing the preliminary mixture, the product from the hopper under the mixer 17 in a different position of the flap valve is fed by a screw conveyor 19 into the mixer 3.

The filler from the hopper 4, the preliminary mixture from the mixer 17 and the prepared drugs enter the mixer 3, where under the action of the blades are subjected to intensive mixing. Countercurrent and complex chaotic movement of product particles under the action of the blades provides a homogeneous mixture. The finished mixture through the discharge holes enters the mixing hopper, from where it is transported by conveyor 18 to the consumer’s packaging.

The presence of bunkers in the mobile installation allows you to store and transport the necessary supply of filler.

High dosing accuracy and mixing quality ensures the effective use of drugs, minimizes the side effect of their use.

The technology for producing feed-drug mixtures allows using a variety of recipes, taking into account the maximum use of available raw materials in the field, the use of an autonomous power source and the maximum mechanization and automation of technological processes.

Thus, the use of the invention will allow:

- due to a sharp decrease in the amount of manual labor, reduce the number of staff and improve the quality of their work;

- due to the automation of technological processes and the use of high-precision and high-quality equipment, to increase the quality of the produced feed preparation and, as a result, significantly increase the efficiency of its use.

Claims (1)

A mobile unit for the preparation of feed mixtures, including a chopper with a receiving hopper, a mixer, a device for loading the starting components and unloading the finished product, characterized in that the unit is equipped with a stand-alone diesel generator for powering the electric drives of the equipment, a crusher with pneumatic intake of the filler, two twin-shaft vane mixers, high-precision tensometric hopper scales with a weighing terminal having a digital interface connected to a microprocess polar unit equipped with a hardware-software complex allows to make all process steps in an automated mode.

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