RU2228612C2 - Mobile feeder-moistener - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, dry feed moistening equipment used in animal farming. SUBSTANCE: feeder-moistener has hopper and dry feed dosing device with slides for regulating feed dispensing norm and removal of mechanical contaminants, liquid component tank, valve for regulating amounts of liquid component supplied, pipeline, mixing pump, liquid feed additive container equipped with regulator, blade-type dry and liquid components ejectors. Dry feed dosing device is made in the form of rotating grid with openings having diameter of 4-10 mm and spiral scraper arranged above grid and having working surface arranged at an angle of 45-55 deg with respect to radius. Dry feed supplying rotor is arranged under grid and provided with blades arranged at an angle of 35- 65 deg with respect to radius and oriented in direction opposed to rotation direction. EFFECT: improved quality of moistening of dry concentrated feed, provision for breaking of consolidated feed lumps and separation of mechanical contaminants and production of liquid feeds with different physical and mechanical properties and reduced labor intensity. 3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mechanization of labor-intensive processes in animal husbandry.

Known feeder-humidifiers concentrated feed. For example: A.S. USSR No. 1405743, MKI A 01 K 5/00, BI No. 24, 06.30.88, a.s. USSR No. 1205843, MKI A 01 K 5/00, BI No. 3, 06/01/84, as well as humidifying devices and.with. USSR No. 1371683, MKI A 23 N 17/00, BI No. 5, 02/07/08, a.s. USSR No. 1452509, MKI A 01 K 5/00, BI No. 3, 01/23/89 and others.

These devices have a number of drawbacks: poor quality of moistening throughout the entire feed volume, for the supply of liquid components it is necessary to constantly maintain a high pressure of the liquid, and strict requirements for liquid clogging (absence of mechanical impurities and pieces of food).

Known feed dispenser-humidifier (AS USSR No. 1205843, MKI A 01 K 5/00, BI No. 3, 01.06.84). This is a mobile batch feeder. Humidification occurs in a falling stream with a fluid supply in the form of compact jets. The feed dispenser has loading and unloading windows with a shutter, a horizontal housing, inside of which a drum is mounted on the shaft, with the possibility of rotation around its axis, dividing the internal cavity into a number of sections by radial partitions, and within each section into cells by axial partitions. The disadvantages of this feeder: the design is highly complex; high precision is required in its manufacture; difficult to adjust the rate of feed; wetting the feed with liquid is difficult due to the feed in portions; in addition, the feed stream does not have the required porosity.

A moisturizing device of concentrated feeds is known (USSR AS No. 1371683, MKI A 23 N 17/00, BI No. 5, 02/07/08), including a hopper, a compensation chamber made in the form of a corrugated sleeve with a hoop. The latter relies on a feed flow divider. The hoop is kinematically connected by means of carriers and rods on which carriers are mounted, with the possibility of movement and fixation. The upper part of the air chamber is made elastic. The rods are mounted in guides and are rigidly connected to the upper part of the air chamber. At the air chamber, nozzles are connected to the fluid supply system. The fluid supply system includes a tank with mixers, a float chamber, a pipeline with a valve that controls the flow of fluid and an annular tank in communication with the nozzles. Disadvantages of the humidifier: a high-pressure air supply is required to suck in and spray liquid with nozzles; the content of packed lumps in dry food is unacceptable.

A device for moistening concentrated feeds (USSR AS No. 1452509, MKI 01 K 5/00, BI No. 3, 01/23/89) is known, consisting of a vertically placed hopper, in the lower part of which a humidifier is connected to the discharge pipe. Inside the hopper is a screw with a hollow shaft. The discharge pipe is fixed coaxially inside the screw shaft and is connected to it through the bushings. Feed unloading is carried out by a screw placed under the hopper. A humidification chamber is installed underneath it. The humidifier is made in the form of a cylindrical box and a ring installed in it using a spring. In the walls of the box are located coaxially with the discharge pipe of the window. The fluid supply is controlled by a finger installed with the possibility of interaction with a protrusion fixed to the internal surface of the screw shaft. The finger has a hole aligned with the windows. The disadvantages of this humidifier are: insufficient quality of humidification, due to the supply of fluid to the humidification chamber in portions; no mechanical impurities should be present in the liquid component; It is necessary to constantly maintain a high pressure of the liquid to ensure the supply of a large amount of it, providing the proper degree of hydration.

Of the known closest in technical essence is a feed dispenser-humidifier (AS USSR No. 1405743, MKI A 01 K 5/00, BI No. 24, 06/30/08), containing a feed hopper, in the lower part of which there is an unloading unit screw. At the outlet of the unloading auger there is a humidification chamber communicated through the openings of the sprayer with a liquid dispenser. The latter is made in the form of a horizontal cylindrical container with a lockable lid. In the upper part of the tank there is an inlet valve, and in its lower part there is an exhaust valve. The valves are spring-loaded and interact with the cam mounted on the output end of the discharge screw inside the tank. Valves block the corresponding openings. The fluid is supplied to the tank through a supply pipe. To adjust the dose of liquid depending on the initial humidity, the length of the inlet valve with the help of an adjusting screw can be changed. To simplify the adjustment of predetermined doses of fluid, a scale is fixed on the cam, and there are risks on the pulley and in the housing. Humidified feeds are discharged through the window of the humidification chamber into the feeder.

The disadvantage of this feeder-humidifier: insufficient uniformity of the moistened feed over the entire width of the stream due to its high concentration, and also because of the instantaneous flow rate of the supplied liquid.

The claimed invention is aimed at eliminating the noted disadvantages of the known device. From its use, the following result can be obtained: high quality moisturization of dry concentrated feed; destruction of packed lumps present in dry food and separation of mechanical impurities; the use of liquid feed with various physical and mechanical properties, which may contain large particles (mechanical impurities, pieces of feed, etc.); the possibility of introducing liquid feed additives into moistened dry feeds, regardless of their share in the composition of moistened feed.

The specified technical result is achieved through the use of a mobile feeder-humidifier containing a hopper and a dry feed dispenser, having valves for adjusting the rate of delivery and removal of mechanical impurities, a tank for a liquid component, a valve for adjusting the amount of liquid feed, a pipeline, a mixer pump, a tank for liquid feed additives with a regulator, paddle throwers of dry and liquid feed, moreover, the dry feed dispenser is made in the form of a rotating sieve with a hole diameter of 4-10 mm above which There is a spiral scraper in the eye with an angle of installation of the working surface relative to the radius of 45-55 °, and under the sieve there is a dry feed rotor, the blades of which are mounted relative to the radius at an angle of 35-65 ° against the direction of rotation.

In this case, the mixer pump has a blade rotor, at the blades of which there are transverse grooves of a rectangular profile, and a stator, which has transverse half-cylindrical grooves, as well as nozzles for supplying the main liquid component, drainage of liquid feed and nozzle for feeding the feed additive installed tangentially to the inner surface of the stator located in the central part of its sidewall.

Blade throwers are made with a diameter of 180-200 mm with a number of radial blades of at least 12.

The remaining signs of the inventive feeder-humidifier are private, since they characterize only the specific implementation of a particular part.

Figure 1 schematically shows a feed dispenser-humidifier, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

Figure 3 schematically shows a mixer pump, a longitudinal section; figure 4 is a section bB in figure 3.

The feed humidifier consists of: a liquid filler supply system, which includes: a tank for water or other liquid filler 1 (Fig. 1) with a feed tap 2; a system for supplying liquid feed additives, which consists of a container for liquid feed additives 3 with a feed regulator 4, which includes a variable length feed rod 5 and a float chamber 6; a system for mixing a liquid filler and liquid feed additives, which includes: a mixer pump 7 connected by a pipe 8, a liquid feed supply valve 9, and a liquid feed thrower 10; dry feed dosing system (Fig. 2), consisting of a dry feed hopper 11 and a dry feed dispenser, the bottom of which is made in the form of a rotating sieve 12 with a spiral scraper 13, under which there is a blade rotor 14, with the drive of all elements from the vertical shaft 15 , from the sides of the dry feed hopper there is a throttle valve for unloading the lumps 16 and a flap controlling the supply of dry feed 17 through which feed is fed to the dry feed thrower 18; a system for the formation of wet feed from liquid and dry feed, which includes a dry feed thrower 18 and a liquid feed thrower 10, feeding the feed to the discharge tray 19, in which the continuous flow of flying dry feed is humidified by a discharged fluid flow to form a moist feed. The preparation of liquid feed from the filler and liquid feed additives is carried out in a mixer pump 7 (Figs. 3 and 4), consisting of a rotor 20 made of a hub 21, with radially arranged blades 22 having rectangular grooves 23, as well as a stator 24, in the composition of which, in addition to the suction 25 and pressure 26 nozzles, includes a sleeve 27, on the inner surface of which there are semi-cylindrical transverse grooves 28. In the central part of the sidewall of the stator 29 of the mixer pump 7 there is a nozzle 30 for receiving liquid feed additives. The rotor 20 is mounted on bearings 31, closed by a cover 32.

The work of this feed humidifier is as follows.

When torque is applied to the working bodies of the feeder-humidifier, the dry feed in the hopper 11 begins to be sifted through the rotating sieve 12. The dry feed sifted through the rotating sieve 12 by the rotor blades 14 is fed to the dry feed thrower 18, bypassing the control valve 17, is captured by the dry feed thrower 18 , accelerates and in the form of a continuous stream is fed into the inner cavity of the discharge tray 19. Existing mechanical impurities spiral spiral scraper 13 are moved to the side walls of the hopper of dry feed 11. When emptying the hopper 11 and opening the valve for discharging solids discharge 16 occurs them.

At the same time, the liquid filler and liquid feed additives from the tank for the liquid component 1 and the containers for liquid feed additives 3 are sucked into the mixer pump 7, where when the rotor 20 is rotated by centrifugal forces, the filler is sucked through the suction pipe 25, accelerated and discharged through the pressure head nozzle 26. As a result of the movement of the filler in the central part of the pump, a vacuum is formed, which sucks the liquid feed additives through the side nozzle. In the process of their joint movement on the inner surface of the sleeve 27 of the stator 24, turbulence of the flows occurs. The presence of transverse semi-cylindrical grooves 28 on the stator sleeve 27 and rectangular grooves 23 at the rotor blades 22 contributes to the destruction of the components into small particles with their subsequent mixing, forming a liquid feed, which is fed through the control valve 9, to the liquid feed thrower 10. Excess liquid feed leads to increase the pressure (and therefore, to reduce the flow rate through the pump-mixer 7), to rise from the excess pressure of the rod 5 of the supply of nutrient additives, reducing their consumption. When lifting the rod 5, liquid feed will flow to the suction pipe 25 of the mixer pump 7, preventing the suction of the liquid filler. The supply of nutritional supplements is regulated by a stem length of 5.

In the discharge tray 19, the particles of the starting components mutually penetrate each other due to the low concentration of flows, interact in the process of mutual movement due to different speeds, and are discharged into the feeders in the form of moistened feed.

Claims (3)

1. Humidifier-feed dispenser containing a hopper and a dry feed dispenser, with valves for adjusting the rate of delivery and removal of mechanical impurities, a tank for a liquid component, a valve for adjusting the amount of liquid feed supplied, a pipeline, a mixer pump, a container for liquid feed additives with a regulator , paddle throwers of dry and liquid feed, characterized in that the dry feed dispenser is made in the form of a rotating sieve with a hole diameter of 4-10 mm, above which there is a spiral scraper, with an installation angle ited relatively radius 45-55 °, and a sieve is feeding the dry feed rotor blades which are set at an angle relative to the radius of 35-65 ° against the direction of rotation. 2. The feed humidifier-dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixer pump has a blade rotor, the blades of which have transverse grooves of a rectangular profile, and a stator that has transverse semi-cylindrical grooves, as well as supply nozzles installed tangentially to the inner surface of the stator the main liquid component, the discharge of liquid feed and the feed additive supply pipe, located in the central part of its sidewall. 3. The feed humidifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade throwers are made with a diameter of 180-200 mm with the number of blades at least 12.

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