RU2297780C2 - Apparatus for mixing of dry feeds and introducing of fatty additives - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, technique for preparing of feeds at animal farm houses and complexes.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has mixing chamber, charging hatch, discharge tray and mixing screw enclosed in housing, regulating valve, fatty additive introducing device, dosing-throwing unit for dry feeds, and fan. Mixing screw is made double-threaded, and its housing is divided into upper and lower housing parts. Mixing blades are radially mounted between upper and lower housing parts on shaft of mixing screw, with number of blades making 8-10 pcs. Cave destructing blades are radially positioned in lower part of mixing chamber on shaft of mixing screw, with number of said blades making 4-6 pcs. In its upper part, mixing chamber is tangentially connected through feed duct with fatty additive introducing device, dosing-throwing unit for dry feeds, and fan.

EFFECT: improved quality of mixing feeds containing fatty additives introduced therein.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to machines for the preparation of feed on livestock farms and complexes.

The following devices for the preparation of concentrated feeds are known: for example, a.s. USSR No. 1572488, MKI A23N 17/00, B01F 7/24, BI No. 23, 06.23.90, a.s. USSR No. 394034, MKI A23N 17/00 A01F 29/00, BI No. 34, 08/22/73, a.s. USSR No. 814423, MKI B01F 7/14, BI No. 11, 03.23.81, a.s. USSR No. 1085585, MKI A23N 17/00, BI No. 14, 04/15/84 and others.

These devices have a number of disadvantages: it is difficult to load the starting components into the mixing chamber, it is difficult to take the components to be mixed with the loading auger, high energy costs, high-quality mixing in the presence of fodder lumps in the mixture, high energy costs.

A known unit for the preparation of animal feed (AS USSR No. 394034, MKI A23N 17/00 A01F 29/00, BI No. 34, 08/22/73), containing a crusher with a fan and a loading hopper. The fan is connected by a pipeline to the mixing chamber and the feed funnel. The loading funnel and the mixing chamber are interconnected by a pipeline. The loading funnel has a tee and a flap. A flow switch is installed inside the mixing chamber on the pipeline, which provides feed through the pipeline to the feed hopper. A nozzle and a bell are located in the lower part of the mixing chamber, and a diffuser in the upper part. The unit has a dust separator for cleaning exhaust air.

The disadvantages of the unit for the preparation of animal feed: the complexity of manufacturing the design, insufficient feed components from the bottom of the chamber to the top and its transportation to the crusher, low quality of the mixtures obtained, high energy costs.

A device for mixing (AS USSR No. 814423, MKI BF 7/14, BI No. 11, 03/23/81) is known, comprising a housing with a lid, in which a central scraper mixer and two auger mixers are displaced relative to the axis of the apparatus body. The central mixer is rigidly connected to the crank, kinematically connected through the connecting rods to the eccentrics on which the mixers are mounted. Agitators are rigidly connected by gears to the movable axes of the planetary mechanism.

The disadvantage of the device for mixing is the complexity and the need for high precision manufacturing design.

A known installation for the preparation of animal feed (AS USSR No. 1085585, MKI A23N 17/00, BI No. 14, 04/15/84), containing a metering hopper with a receiving neck and a metering screw installed in its lower part, under which an unloading neck is installed auger conveyor-mixer, a loading auger conveyor with a receiving neck and an unloading window, and a distribution auger conveyor is placed above the metering hopper. In addition, the installation is equipped with a microadditive mixer with a deflector tube in which a vertical screw is installed, and a loading neck and a disk microdoser, including a movable disk, over which a knife and a cylinder are mounted, are installed in the lower part of the microadditive mixer. A valve is installed in the upper part of the plate microdoser, and a receiving neck is located in the lower part, by means of which the plate microdoser is connected with a screw conveyor-mixer. The loading auger conveyor is mounted in a metering hopper.

The disadvantages of the installation for the preparation of compound feeds are the low uniformity of mixing the resulting mixture of compound feeds, the high metal consumption of the structure, the narrow specialization of the machine, intended only for mixing compound feed and microadditives.

Of the known closest in technical essence is a feed mixer (AS USSR No. 1572488, MKI A23N 17/00, B01F 7/24, BI No. 23, 06.23.90) containing a funnel-shaped mixing chamber consisting of a cylindrical and conical parts inside of which there is a mixing auger enclosed in a pipe. A spreading blade is installed at the top of the mixing auger. In the lower part of the mixing chamber there is a loading neck, to which a vertical screw loader is connected, consisting of a supply pipe and a screw enclosed in it. Between the neck and the nozzle, in the upper part of the screw loader, a flat ring is installed, over which the plate is located. At the bottom of the feed pipe loader there is a window. The nozzle is connected to the receiving hopper. The mixer is equipped with an unloading neck. The screw shaft is equipped with a spiral blade fixed on the shaft section between the ring and the plate; at the end of the blade there is a zigzag scraper.

The disadvantages of this mixer are: it is difficult to intake the components to be mixed by the loading auger, it is possible to jam material between the ring and the plate, and the quality of mixing the components is insufficient.

The claimed invention is aimed at eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known device. From its use, the following result can be obtained: high quality mixing of feeds, the possibility of additional addition of fat additives to the mixture, low energy consumption, and ease of manufacture.

The specified technical result is achieved through the use of a device for mixing dry feed and making additives, including a mixing chamber, a loading door, an unloading chute and a mixing screw enclosed in a casing, and it is equipped with a regulating valve for making fat additives, a metering unit, a dry feed thrower and a fan wherein the mixing screw is made two-way, its casing is divided into upper and lower, between the upper and lower casings on the shaft of the mixing screw radially installed there are 8-10 mixing blades, and in the lower part of the mixing chamber on the shaft of the mixing auger 4-6 radially destructive blades are radially installed, in the upper part the mixing chamber is tangentially connected by a feed line to a device for making fat additives, a dry feed metering thrower and a fan.

The remaining features of the claimed device are private, since they characterize only the specific implementation of a particular part.

Figure 1 schematically shows a device for mixing dry feed and making fat additives, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1.

A device for mixing dry feed and making fat additives consists of a mixing chamber 1 having a loading hatch 2 and an unloading tray 3, a two-way mixing screw 4, enclosed in the upper 7 and lower 8 casings, fixed in the mixing chamber 1, in the middle part of the mixing screw 4 8-10 mixing blades 5 are radially installed, and in the lower part 4-6 of the collapsing blades 6. The mixing screw 4 is driven from the gear 9. In addition, the mixing chamber 1 is tangentially connected to the feed pipe 10 in the upper part with a device for making fat additives 11 having an adjusting screw 12.

The operation of the device for mixing dry feed and making fat additives is as follows: 3/4 of the feed components are loaded into the mixing chamber 1 through the loading door 2, and 1/4 of the feed enters the mixing chamber 1 from the feed pipe 10 in the form of a mixture of dry feed and fat additives formed by mixing the feed feed components supplied to the feed line 10 from the device for introducing fat additives 11 and the dry feed metering device-thrower 13 by mixing them in the air stream created by the valve torus 14. The loading of the mixing chamber 1 is carried out to the upper edge of the casing 7. When the torque is supplied to the shaft of the mixing screw 4 with mixing blades 5 mounted on it and collapsible blades 6, the feed components begin to mix, while the feed located in the lower part of the mixing chamber 1, when exposed to arch-destructing blades 6, it is captured by the mixing screw 4 and rises along the lower casing 8 to the middle part of the mixing chamber 1, where part of the feed in the gap between the casings leaves the area of influence of the mixing screw 4, it is additionally mixed with mixing blades 5 and again settles in the lower part of the mixing chamber 1, and part of the feed enters the upper part of the mixing chamber through the upper casing 7, falls off at the outlet from it and again settles in the mixing chamber 1, further mixing the mixing blades 5 and the destructive blades 6. Due to the use in the design of the proposed device of the two-way mixing screw 4, the mixing blades 5, the destructive blades 6 and two Zhukhov 7 and 8 are more active mixing of the components and more intensive circulation of feed through the mixing chamber 1, which mainly affects the quality of the resulting mixture. The process of mixing the components continues for a given period of time (mixing time t = 5 ... 20 minutes). Unloading of the finished mixture is carried out with the device running through the unloading tray 6, which allows you to completely clean the mixing chamber 1. The speed of the screw is controlled by changing the gear ratio of the drive.

Claims (1)

A device for mixing dry feed and making additives, including a mixing chamber, a loading hatch, an unloading chute and a mixing auger enclosed in a casing, characterized in that it is equipped with a regulating valve for the application of grease additives, a dry feed dispenser-thrower and a fan, while the mixing auger is double-entry, its casing is divided into upper and lower, between the upper and lower casings on the shaft of the mixing auger 8-10 mixing blades are radially installed, and in the lower part of the mixing tion chamber to the shaft of the mixing screw installed Angular svodorazrushayuschih blades 4-6, wherein the top of the mixing chamber tangentially kormoprovodom connected with a device for introducing fat additives dispenser-thrower dry feed and a fan.

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