RU2701960C1 - Seed pre-sowing treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Disclosed is a device for pre-sowing treatment of seeds, including a hopper for seeds and a treatment chamber with an inductor, made in the form of a stator of an electrical three-phase current machine, inside which an insert is concentrically installed. Seed hopper is equipped with a shutoff element connected to the axial movement drive and is made in the form of a cylindrical insert from nonmagnetic material installed in a polymer pipe concentrically installed inside the stator of the three-phase current machine.

EFFECT: invention ensures uniform intensity of electromagnetic field effect on seeds.

6 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to installations for pre-sowing seed treatment of various crops.

Recently, the number of developments, domestic and foreign patents in the field of pre-sowing seed treatment using various electrophysical effects, in particular magnetic and electric fields, ozone, ultrasonic vibrations of ultra- and infrared emissions, etc., has increased significantly, which allows you to choose the optimal modes treatments and devices for their implementation for seeds of various crops.

The most applicable sources of electromagnetic radiation are in the form of stators of three-phase electric motors, which, thanks to the sectioned winding, create a rotating magnetic field.

A device for presowing seed treatment (Pat. RF No. 2457654, IPC A01C 1/00, publ.: 08/10/2012) includes a seed hopper and a treatment chamber with an inductor made in the form of a stator of a three-phase current electric machine, inside which is concentric with a gap, forming a processing chamber, a ferromagnetic cylinder coated with a shell of diamagnetic material is installed, made of a material with saturation magnetostriction of 0.036 mm. The seed hopper is equipped with a winding connected to a pulse current source, made in the form of a diode connected to an alternating current source.

The disadvantages of this device is the uneven treatment of seeds in the processing chamber, the high cost of manufacturing a ferromagnetic cylinder with a diamagnetic coating. Since processing chambers with different sizes may be optimal for different crops, a set of ferromagnetic cylinders of various diameters is required. Another inconvenience is the use of windings on the hopper to prevent freezing of grain due to arching.

A device for presowing seed treatment (Pat. RF No. 2206192, IPC A01C 1/00, publ. 06/20/2003), which includes a hopper for seeds and a treatment chamber with an inductor in the form of a stator of an electric machine of three-phase current with two three-phase windings. A ferromagnetic cylinder is installed inside the stator. The device also has a controlled rectifier connected to the mains, a filter capacitor, a transistor switch, a pulse distributor, a pulse shaper and a master oscillator. Three-phase windings of the inductor on one side are connected counterclockwise, in the "star", and with the positive terminals of the controlled rectifier and filter capacitor. On the other hand, the windings are connected through the transistors of the switch to the negative terminal of the controlled rectifier and filter capacitor. The base of the transistors of the switch is connected to a pulse distributor, which is connected through a pulse shaper to a master oscillator.

The use of the invention, according to the applicant, allows to increase the efficiency of seed treatment by stabilizing the frequency of rotation of the electromagnetic field, however, when processing seeds in the space between the stator and the ferromagnetic cylinder, seed stopping may occur periodically, which interrupts the processing and requires mechanical action on the load hopper so that the process has resumed.

A device for pre-sowing seed treatment was selected as a prototype (Pat. RF No. 2277313, IPC АСС 1/00, publ.: 10.06. 2006). The invention relates to agriculture and can be used at various agricultural enterprises and plant-growing farms. A device for presowing seed treatment includes a seed hopper and a treatment chamber with an inductor made in the form of a stator of a three-phase current electric machine with three phase windings. The windings are placed in the grooves of the core. A ferromagnetic cylinder is mounted inside the inductor concentrically with a gap forming a processing chamber. Two of the three-phase windings of the inductor are connected in a single-phase circuit.

The disadvantage of this device is the uneven processing of seeds in the processing chamber, the high cost of manufacturing a ferromagnetic cylinder with a diamagnetic coating. Since processing chambers with different sizes may be optimal for different crops, a set of ferromagnetic cylinders of various diameters is required, which requires additional costs.

The technical result is to increase efficiency, which consists in the uniformity of the interaction of seeds with an electromagnetic field and increase the reliability.

The technical result is achieved in a device for pre-sowing seed treatment, comprising a seed hopper and a treatment chamber with an inductor made in the form of a stator of an electric three-phase current machine, inside which an insert is concentrically mounted, according to the invention, the seed hopper is equipped with a locking element connected to an axial displacement drive and made in the form of a cylindrical insert of non-magnetic material installed in a polymer pipe concentrically fixed inside the stator of a three-phase current machine but.

The cylindrical insert is provided with spacing protrusions interacting with the inner surface of the nozzle.

The cylindrical insert is provided with annular protrusions with a beveled upper surface.

The hopper is equipped with a flow expander for bulk materials kinematically connected to a cylindrical insert.

The stimulator of the flow of bulk materials kinematically connected to the hopper through the elastic elements.

The cylindrical insert is made of caprolon.

The supply of the seed hopper with a locking element connected to the axial displacement drive and made in the form of a cylindrical insert of non-magnetic material installed in a polymer pipe concentrically installed inside the stator of a three-phase current machine provides:

- uniformity of intensity of exposure to electromagnetic fields;

- reduction of energy consumption for irradiation of seeds;

- ease of use and the ability to select the optimal presowing treatment of seeds.

The supply of the cylindrical insert with spacer protrusions interacting with the inner surface of the nozzle ensures uniformity of the intensity of the electromagnetic field on the seeds by eliminating the mixing of the insert in the radial direction relative to the nozzle.

The supply of the cylindrical insert with annular protrusions with a beveled upper surface provides a zigzag movement of the treated seeds between the inner wall of the nozzle and the outer wall of the insert.

The supply of the hopper with the stimulator of the flow of bulk materials kinematically connected to the cylindrical insert prevents the formation of processed seeds, thus ensuring the reliability of the device.

The kinematic connection of the stimulator of the flow of bulk materials with the hopper through the elastic elements ensures the transmission of vibration to the cylindrical insert and during seed treatment, when loading and emptying the device, which creates convenience in operation.

The implementation of the cylindrical insert of caprolon provides compared with the known ease of manufacture, reducing energy consumption by eliminating the interaction with the electromagnetic field and using inserts of different diameters for efficient processing of grain with different sizes from millet to legumes.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by an example of a specific implementation, where:

in FIG. 1 presents the inventive device in a section with a closed locking element;

in FIG. 2 shows the same as in FIG. 1, with the locking element open;

in FIG. 3 - leader I of FIG. one;

in FIG. 4 is a section along AA of FIG. 3;

in FIG. 5 shows a cylindrical insert;

in FIG. 6 - leader II of FIG. one;

in FIG. 7 shows a section along BB of FIG. 5.

The list of items indicated in the drawings

1. frame;

2. hopper for seeds;

3. processing chamber;

4. inductor;

5. an insert of non-magnetic material;

6. locking element;

7. axial displacement drive;

8. polymer pipe;

9. distance protrusion;

10. traction;

11. annular protrusion;

12. beveled upper surface;

13. The stimulator of the expiration of bulk materials;

14. elastic element;

15. container for treated seeds;

16. remote control electric control.

The device consists of a seed hopper 2 mounted on the frame 1 and a treatment chamber 3 with an inductor 4 made in the form of a stator of a three-phase current electric machine, inside which an insert made of non-magnetic material is concentrically mounted 5. The seed hopper 2 is equipped with a locking element 6 connected to the drive axial displacement 7 and is made in the form of a cylindrical insert made of non-magnetic material installed in a polymer pipe 8 concentrically fixed inside the stator of a three-phase current machine of inductor 4, as they use the basic model of the RVES reactor manufactured by the Cascade Scientific and Production Association, limited liability company, Tambov. The cylindrical insert 5 is provided with spacing protrusions 9, interacting with the inner surface of the polymer pipe 8 and is connected by a rod 10 with an axial displacement drive 7. The cylindrical insert 5 is equipped with annular protrusions 11 with a beveled upper surface 12. The seed hopper 2 is provided with a vibration exciter for the expiration of bulk materials 13, kinematically connected to the cylindrical insert through the axial displacement drive 7 and the rod 10. The expander of bulk materials 13 is kinematically connected to the hopper 2 black without elastic elements 14. In the lower part of the device is placed a container for processed seeds 15, in the upper part of the device there is an electric control panel 16.

The device operates as follows.

The seeds intended for processing through the loading hopper 2 enter the processing chamber 3, formed by an annular gap between the insert of non-magnetic material 5 and the polymer pipe 8, placed inside the inductor 4, connected to a three-phase current source through an electronic control panel 16 mounted on the frame 1 . In the processing chamber 3, the seeds are exposed to a rotating magnetic field and enter the container for the treated seeds 15. At the same time, the expander of bulk materials 13 is turned on, vibration which is transmitted through elastic elements 14, an axial displacement drive and a rod 10 connected to it to an insert of non-magnetic material 5. As a result of this interaction, vibration occurs in the hopper 2 and the processing chamber 3, as a result of which the delay in the movement of seeds in a sufficiently thin annular gap between the insert of non-magnetic material 5 and polymer pipe 8.

The supply of seeds to the processing chamber 3 can be blocked by a locking element 6 by means of an axial displacement drive 7 by moving the insert 5 upward by the draft 10, until it closes with the lower part of the hopper 2.

To avoid skewing of the insert 5 inside the polymer pipe 8, the distance 5 protrusions 9 are made on the insert 5, interacting with the inner surface of the polymer pipe 8. The movement of seeds inside the processing chamber 3 occurs in a zigzag manner due to the interaction of the seeds with the annular protrusions 11 with their beveled upper surfaces.

Claims (6)

1. A device for presowing treatment of seeds, including a hopper for seeds and a treatment chamber with an inductor made in the form of a stator of an electric three-phase current machine, inside which an insert is concentrically installed, characterized in that the hopper for seeds is equipped with a locking element connected to an axial displacement drive, and made in the form of a cylindrical insert of non-magnetic material installed in a polymer pipe concentrically installed inside the stator of a three-phase current machine. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the cylindrical insert is provided with spacing protrusions interacting with the inner surface of the pipe. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical insert is provided with annular protrusions with a beveled upper surface. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the hopper is equipped with a stimulator for the flow of bulk materials kinematically connected to a cylindrical insert. 5. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 4, characterized in that the stimulator of the flow of bulk materials is kinematically connected to the hopper through the elastic elements. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical insert is made of caprolon.

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