RU2435349C2 - Device for pre-sowing induction treatment of seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a hollow cylindrical inductor with first and second windings installed on it and arranged as double-wound, inside which there are seeds subject to treatment arranged. The first terminal of the first winding is connected to a terminal of the first switch, by the input of the first capacitor connected to the first terminal and by the output of the second switch, the input of which is connected to the first terminal of the first source of supply. The first terminal of the second winding is connected to a terminal of the third switch, the input of which is connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor and the output of the fourth switch, the input of which is connected to the first terminal of the second source of supply. The second terminals of the first and second windings, first and second capacitors, first and second supply sources are connected by a common bus. A single vibrator's output is connected to the control input of the third switch, being serially connected to a delay circuit. An inverse output of a clock-pulse oscillator is connected to control inputs of the second and fourth switches, the direct output of which is connected to control inputs of the first switch and the delay circuit.

EFFECT: invention has wide range of application and will make it possible to provide for improved germinating capacity and energy of seeds growth with reduction of power consumption.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of grains, legumes, fodder, oilseeds, vegetables, melons, medicinal, industrial and forage crops in order to improve seed quality, increase their germination and growth energy.

A known installation for high-frequency processing of dielectric materials, including for pre-sowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops, containing a box made in the form of two closed branches, in which a conveying device in the form of a cable with washers fixed on it, low-potential capacitor plates covering the outside two branches of the box, and a high-potential plate placed between them, and the parts of the box covered by the plates and the cable with washers are made of radio transparent LfTetanus material (RU 2043586 C1, 1995.09.10).

The disadvantages of this device are the low efficiency of seed treatment, as well as the high cost of equipment.

A device for pre-sowing seed treatment is known, comprising a seed hopper and a treatment chamber with an inductor made in the form of a stator of an electric three-phase current machine with three phase windings located in the grooves of the core, a ferromagnetic cylinder is installed concentrically with a gap forming the treatment chamber inside the inductor, and two of the three phase windings of the inductor are connected according to a single-phase circuit (RU 2004131172 A, 2006.04.10).

The main disadvantages of this device is the limited frequency range of the electrical signal and low efficiency.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the present invention is an electrotechnological installation containing a working ultrasonic chamber with a liquid solution, a conveyor with perforated scrapers, ultrasonic transducers with a tube for supplying coolant to them, a filing and draining device for a liquid solution, a microwave camera, a microwave oven the generator, the control cabinet of the microwave generator, a conveyor belt, an electric air heater and a storage hopper with a slide gate, and the ultrasonic camera is connected to A microwave camera with a rectangular storage channel made in the form of two vertical perforated walls (RU 2312479 C2, 2007.12.20).

The disadvantages of this installation are the high cost of technological equipment, increased energy consumption per unit mass of products, as well as a limited range of use.

Known technological equipment cannot be implemented in the case of a complex configuration of seeds, since with mechanical movement they will form strong agglomerates.

An object of the invention is to provide a device for presowing induction treatment of seeds, which allows to increase their germination and growth energy with high efficiency, economical energy consumption, as well as a wide range of applications.

This technical problem is achieved by the fact that in the device for presowing induction seed treatment, containing a hollow cylindrical inductor with first and second windings installed on it, a clock generator, first and second power sources, first and second capacitors, the first, second, third and fourth are introduced keys, delay circuit and one-shot, forming new additional connections.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of a device for presowing induction treatment of seeds.

The device contains a hollow cylindrical inductor 1 with the first 2 and second 3 windings installed on it, a clock 8, first 7 and second 14 power sources, first 5 and second 12 capacitors, first 4, second 6, third 11 and fourth 13 keys, in series connected delay circuit 10 and a single vibrator 9, the output connected to the control input of the third key 11, the output of which is connected to the first output of the second winding 3, and the input is connected to the first output of the second capacitor 12 and the output of the fourth key 13, the input connected from the first the output of the second power source 14, the first output of the first winding 2 is connected to the output of the first key 4, the input connected to the first output of the first capacitor 5 and the output of the second key 6, the input of which is connected to the first output of the first power source 7, the direct output of the clock generator 8 is connected to control inputs of the first key 4 and delay circuit 10, the inverse output of the clock 8 is connected to the control inputs of the second 6 and fourth 13 keys, and the second terminals of the first 2 and second 3 windings, the first 5 and second 12 capacitor in, first 7 and second 14 power source are connected to the common bus, and the first 2 and the second inductor coil 3 disposed bifilar 1, wherein 15 seeds to be treated are placed inside the inductor 1.

Device Description

A device for presowing induction seed treatment consists of a hollow cylindrical inductor 1 and an electronic control circuit. On the outer surface of the inductor 1, the first 2 and second 3 conductive windings are bifilarly placed. The electronic control circuit contains the first 7 and second 14 power sources, a clock 8, the first 5 and second 12 capacitors, the first 4, the second 6, the third 11 and the fourth 13 symmetric electronic keys, as well as a series-connected delay circuit 10 and a single-shot 9.

The first output of the first power supply 7 through the second 6 and the first 4 keys connected in series is connected to the first output of the first winding 2 of the inductor 1. The first output of the second power supply 14 through the fourth 13 and third 11 keys is connected to the first output of the second winding 3 in a similar way. The inverse output of the clock generator 8 is connected to the control inputs of the second 6 and fourth 13 keys. The direct output of the clock generator 8 is connected to the control input of the first key 4 and the input of the delay circuit 10. The first output of the first capacitor 5 is connected between the output of the second key 6 and the input of the first key 4. The first output of the second capacitor 12 is connected to the output of the fourth key 13 and the input third key 11. The second terminals of the windings 2 and 3, capacitors 5 and 12, power supplies 7 and 14 are connected by a common bus. The output of the one-shot 9 is connected to the control input of the third key 11. The seeds 15 to be processed are placed inside the inductor 1.

The generator 8 generates a sequence of rectangular clock pulses that control the operation of the circuit.

At the initial moment, during the first half-cycle, a direct voltage level is present at the direct output of the generator 8, and a high voltage at the inverse output. As a result, the first 4 and third 11 electronic keys are in a closed state, and the second 6 and fourth 13 keys are open. As a result, the capacitor 5 is charged through the open switch 6 to the voltage of the power source 7, and the capacitor 12 is charged to the voltage of the power source 14. In this case, no current flows in both windings of the inductor 1.

During the second half-cycle, a high voltage level is formed at the direct output of the clock generator 8, and a low voltage at the inverse output, as a result of which the keys 6 and 13 are closed, opening the charge circuit of the capacitors 5 and 12 from the power sources 7 and 14. The appearance of a high potential on the control the input of the key 4 puts it into an open state, as a result of which the electric energy stored in the capacitor 5 enters the winding 2 of the inductor 1, exciting periodic electromagnetic waves in it with a frequency determined by the main image ohm, the values of the inductance parameters of the winding 2 and the capacitance of the capacitor 5. However, the transition of the key 11 from the closed to the open state does not occur immediately, since the start of the one-shot directly controlling the operation of the key 11 is carried out with some time delay, the value of which is determined by the parameters of the delay circuit 10 . After the key 11 was opened, the electric energy stored in the capacitor 5 begins to flow into the winding 3 of the inductor 1, causing electromagnetic oscillations in it with a frequency determined by the value the parameters of the inductance parameters of the winding 3 and the capacitance of the capacitor 12. A further change in the operating mode of the generator 8 causes the keys 4, 11 to lock and the keys 6, 13 open, as a result of which the windings 2, 3 are de-energized, and the capacitors 5, 12 are recharged to the voltage of the power sources 7, 14, that is, the operation cycle of the device is repeated.

The presence of a single vibrator 9 allows you to set the duration of the active operation of the winding 3 of the inductor 1 regardless of the duration of the winding 2 controlled by the generator 8, and the delay circuit performs phase matching of both oscillations.

The shape and frequency of electromagnetic oscillations occurring in the inductor 1 itself is the result of the addition of oscillations in winding 2 with frequency fl and oscillations in winding 3 with frequency f2. For the best mixing of electromagnetic signals in the design of inductor 1, bifilar laying of conductors of the first 2 and second 3 windings is used, which provides high flux linkage. This allows you to change the number of turns of any of the windings 2 or 3, without changing the magnitude of the modulation coefficient.

The intensity of the impact of electromagnetic waves on the processed biomass 15 with a constant design of the inductor 1 and the installation parameters of the circuit diagram is determined by the voltage values of the power supplies 7 and 14, which makes it easy to change the processing mode according to a given program. The use of an asynchronous two-stage charge mode - discharge of capacitors 5, 12 by means of electronic switches 4, 6, 11, 13 provides reliable protection of power supplies 7, 14 from overloads and short circuits in inductor 1.

The proposed device has a wide frequency range. If we use windings with a different number of turns in the design of inductor 1, for example, the number of turns of winding 2 is greater than the number of turns of winding 3 (see the drawing), then the low-frequency coil is capable of generating oscillations from 30 Hz to 5 kHz, and the high-frequency one from 5 kHz to 1 MHz .

Presowing treatment of seeds with a complex modulated signal provides an increase in germination by 5 ... 8% regardless of their moisture content, since the effectiveness of the procedure is determined by the wide technological capabilities of the proposed device.

The treatment of seeds with the proposed method has undoubted advantages over the well-known traditional methods of treatment, allowing to abandon the expensive scarce and toxic chemicals, ensuring environmental cleanliness of the product.

The use of a device for presowing induction seed treatment allows 2 ... 5 times to reduce the cost of electricity compared to existing systems, its use does not violate the ecology of the environment, and also does not cause genetic and structural changes in the processed products.

Claims (1)

A device for presowing induction seed treatment, containing a hollow cylindrical inductor with first and second windings installed on it, a clock generator, first and second power sources, first and second capacitors, characterized in that the first, second, third and fourth keys are inserted into it, serially connected delay circuit and one-shot, connected to the control input of the third key by the output, the output of which is connected to the first output of the second winding, and the input is connected to the first output of the second sator and the output of the fourth key, the input connected to the first output of the second power source, the first output of the first winding is connected to the output of the first key, the input connected to the first output of the first capacitor and the output of the second key, the input of which is connected to the first output of the first power supply, direct clock output the generator is connected to the control inputs of the first key and the delay circuit, the inverse output of the clock generator is connected to the control inputs of the second and fourth keys, and the second conclusions of the first and second a swarm of windings, the first and second capacitors, the first and second power supplies are connected by a common bus, and the first and second windings of the inductor are bifilar, with the seeds to be processed placed inside the inductor.

Images