RU2699723C1 - Preparation "raido" for preventing and treating mastitis in cows and a method for production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agriculture, namely to veterinary gynecology. Disclosed is a preparation for preventing and treating mastitis in cows in the form of a vegetable extract of raw material from larch barrel processing wastes in a water-dispersed state. Ratio of components in the extract is as follows: raw material from waste processing larch trunks 18–22 wt%, water – balance. Raw material contains bark, wood, bast and branches with larch needles at the following ratio: bark 18–22 wt%, wood 38–42 wt%, bast 8–12 wt%, branches with needles – the rest. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a preparation for preventing and treating mastitis in cows by extraction. Method involves raw material milling, pouring with distilled water and vibration treatment with frequency vibrations. Note here that said grinding is performed up to 1–2 mm. Vibratory treatment is carried out using oscillations in the infrasound frequency range. Duration of vibration treatment makes 15–16 days. Vegetable raw material extract is obtained with particle size of 15–27 micron and packaged in sterile conditions in a container.

EFFECT: invention enables to obtain a herbal preparation for preventing and treating mastitis in cows.

3 cl, 5 dwg, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, medicinal products based on plant materials used in veterinary gynecology, and methods for their preparation and can be used in agricultural enterprises during preventive and therapeutic measures in veterinary medicine.

The most important factor determining the cost-effective management of animal husbandry is the formation of a healthy herd of animals, taking into account the latest achievements of science and best practices, and the production of environmentally friendly meat and milk without antibiotics.

The pathomorphological picture of lesions of vital organs in chronic diseases or with age-related degeneration is diverse, but it contains one common element - a violation of the stability of cell membranes, their biological wear. A universal role in the pathogenesis of membrane-cell lesions belongs to free radicals, which cause the destruction of biopolymers. An increase in the content of free radicals in the body is accompanied by a decrease in the total antioxidant activity, in particular, a decrease in the antioxidant activity of lipid complexes. Some substances, inhibitors of free radical processes that do not have antioxidant activity per se, are able to increase the antioxidant properties of lipids and enhance the radioprotective effect of endogenous antioxidants. Inhibitors of radicals, exogenous antioxidant drugs in optimal doses make up for the deficiency of endogenous antioxidants and reduce the scale of lesions associated with free radical reactions.

In this regard, the development of specialists of the Bashkir Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences and LLC Agroveit of the drug RAIDO for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory processes in the body of cows is relevant.

Known folk remedies for the prevention of mastitis in cows at the initial stage of the disease, for example, using garlic, cabbage leaves, potato starch, onions, Kombucha, lard, etc. (http://agronomwiki.ru/kak-lechit-mastit-u-korovy-prichiny-lechenie-profilaktika.html).

However, folk remedies have shown their low effectiveness in the treatment of complicated forms of mastitis and can only be used to prevent disease in cows.

Various medications are known for the treatment of mastitis in cows, for example, containing propolis (RU 2669926, publ. 10/17/2018; RU 2102074, publ. 01/20/1998; RU 2102074, publ. 01/20/1998), using silver nanoparticles (RU 2532407 , publ. 10.11.2014), ozonated fish oil (RU 2238097, publ. 20.10.2004), extract from the leaf buds of black poplar (RU 2211044, publ. 08.27.2003), the manufacture of which is time-consuming and expensive.

It is believed that the most effective drugs are those that contain artificial antibiotics, such as Maximax, Benstrep, Penmicin, Dorin (http://fb.ru/article/318477/effektivnyie-antibiotiki -pri-mastite-u-korov)

It is known that antibiotics that enter the human body through the food chain: “animal-production-man” pose a serious danger to his health (Usha B.V., Kalnitskaya OI. Control of antibiotic residues in raw materials and animal products // “Modern problems of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology. ”The Second Congress of Veterinary Pharmacologists and Toxicologists of Russia. Kazan. June 9-12, 2009. Materials of the Congress. - Kazan, 2009, p. 11-14). The most important factor determining the cost-effective management of animal husbandry is the formation of a healthy herd of animals, taking into account the latest achievements of science and best practices, and the production of environmentally friendly meat and milk without antibiotics. For this reason, an important factor is the creation of such drugs that contain components that are harmless to humans.

Larch is one of the most common plants in Russia, so it is not surprising that our ancestors used this tree, enriched with trace elements and biologically active substances, to treat many diseases, because It contains biologically active compounds: essential oil, tannins, gum, catechins, flavonoids, organic acids, carotene, lignin, etc. (https://www.tiensmed.ru/news/listvennica-ab0.html).

Flavonoids are among the widespread plant metabolites, which are characterized by high versatile biological activity and low toxicity. The direction of the biological action of flavonoids is associated with the physicochemical properties of the diversity of their structures. Great importance is attached to the anti-inflammatory effect of flavonoids, which is associated with their anti-ulcer, wound healing and antipyretic effect.

A significant drawback of flavonoids and other natural biologically active substances that reduce the effectiveness of drugs based on them is their low water solubility. In this regard, it is of interest to develop new drugs with increased water solubility of flavonoids. (https: // fundamental-research. ru / pdf / 2014 / 11-10 / 35914.pdf).

Due to the content of natural biologically active substances, including flavonoids, water-dispersed extracts obtained from the bark of pine, willow, larch, and spruce are widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases of farm animals (http://fb.ru/article/143078/flavonoid -chto-eto-takoe-v-chem-soderjatsya-flavonoidyi-i-kakovo-ih-vliyanie-na-organizm-cheloveka).

It is also known to use the extract of larch wood in agriculture as a means to combat wheat diseases (RU 2464785, publ. 10/27/2012), as well as a biologically active food supplement (RU 2373771, publ. 11/27/2009), as a natural dye ( RU 2585193, publ. May 27, 2016) or a bioactive component of a cosmetic product (RU 2454217, publ. 27.06.2012).

However, the use of an extract obtained from wastes from processing larch trunks as a highly effective drug for the treatment of mastitis in cows has not been found in world practice.

A known method of complex processing of larch bark to obtain valuable chemical products, according to which the extraction is carried out by a non-polar solvent, for example, pentane, hexanone, gasoline, while extraction is carried out at the boiling point of the solvent, and the remainder of the bark is treated with an alcohol-water-alkaline solution, polyphenols are precipitated and then subjected to prolonged cleaning and washing (RU 2657427, publ. 06/13/2018).

However, it is not possible to obtain an environmentally friendly and safe pharmaceutical preparation for the treatment of cows in this way.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a bioresonance method of obtaining a drug for the treatment of burns and wounds by extraction to obtain an aqueous extract of a plant substance - Siberian larch (RU 2470653, publ. 27.12.2012).

The specified method includes processing the sawn parts of the trunk of a larch, immersed in distilled water, by fluctuations of a given frequency. The emitter was lowered into the bath and the frequencies corresponding to the frequencies of Siberian larch (from 10 to 30 Hz) were selected experimentally on the generator. Received an aqueous extract of Siberian larch.

The resulting preparation contains flavonoids, dihydroquercytin, a complex of polysaccharides, components of essential oils, which are the basis of the drug for the treatment of burns and wounds.

However, its composition contains an insufficient amount of biologically active substances (flavonoids) and chemical elements that are necessary for the treatment and prevention of mastitis of various forms in cows due to their unique properties of penetration through the cell membranes of living cells. The high effectiveness of the drug on the animal’s cell is due to the fact that the cell does not perceive it as foreign.

In addition, to obtain a high pharmaceutical effect in the composition of the drug, such active substances as soluble dietary fiber (larch arabinogalactan) are necessary.

To obtain an effective and inexpensive natural preparation, a method was developed that allows you to create conditions that ensure the high solubility of the substance of flavonoids and other natural biologically active compounds in the aquatic environment in the production of an aqueous extract, its penetration through the cell membranes of living animal cells and a high degree of biological activity, which allows the drug to influence the cause of the disease, and not just relieve its symptoms.

The group of inventions solves a single technical problem, which consists in obtaining a safe and inexpensive herbal preparation containing natural biologically active compounds from waste processing of larch trunks, which has pronounced pharmacological properties and high efficiency in the prevention and treatment of mastitis in cows as a result of the impact on the dynamics of immunobiological indicators of the body of cows by eliminating violations in the organs of their reproductive system.

The technical result consists in obtaining the specified drug when creating conditions that ensure the high solubility of the substance of flavonoids and other natural biologically active compounds in the aquatic environment during the production of the aqueous extract, its penetration through the cell membranes of living cells of the animal and a high degree of biological activity, which will allow the drug to act on the cause the occurrence of the disease, and not just relieve its symptoms.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed drug for the prevention and treatment of mastitis in cows in the form of a plant extract of raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks in a water-dispersed state in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks 18-22, water rest,

while the raw material contains bark, wood, bast and branches with larch needles in the ratio, wt.%:

bark 18-22, wood 38-42, bast 8-12, branches with needles - the rest.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of obtaining the drug for the prevention and treatment of mastitis in cows by extraction involves grinding raw materials, pouring with distilled water and vibrational treatment with frequency fluctuations, characterized in that the bark, wood, bast and branches with larch needles are used as raw materials from waste from processing larch trunks in the ratio, wt%:

bark 18-22, wood 38-42, bast 8-12, branches with needles - the rest,

and grinding is carried out to a fraction of 1-2 mm, vibration processing is carried out using vibrations in the infrasonic frequency range, the duration of the vibration processing is 15-16 days to obtain a water-dispersed with a particle size of 15-27 microns of plant extract of raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks in the following ratio components, wt. %:

raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks 18-22, water rest

and in sterile conditions packaged in containers.

Grinding raw materials to a fraction of 1-2 mm allows you to speed up the process of destruction of raw materials, because a fraction of not more than 2 mm helps to accelerate the destruction and increase the yield of useful components.

It has been experimentally proved that, in terms of the content of biologically active substances and chemical composition, the most optimal is a raw material containing bark, wood, bast in the ratio (18-22) :( 38-42) :( 8-12), respectively, and branches with needles - the rest.

This ratio of components in raw materials allowed to obtain the maximum yield of the final product at a low cost of its manufacture.

If the specified ratio is not maintained, then the yield of highly effective plant extract in the composition of the drug is reduced. Moreover, in the composition of the extract, the raw material should not exceed 22 wt. %, but not to be less than 18 wt. %, which is explained by the fact that the yield of biologically active substances (flavonoids) in this case will be quite high and will be about 90%.

It has been experimentally proved that biologically active substances in sufficient volumes are transferred to the final product if the vibration processing is carried out by means of vibrations in the frequency infrasonic range, and the duration of this processing is 15-16 days.

The duration of the vibration treatment, corresponding to 15-16 days, was chosen experimentally, taking into account the maximum possible transition of the crushed raw material to a water-dispersed state to obtain an extract in which the sizes of the bulk of the particles were in the range of 15-27 microns.

According to paragraph 3 of the formula, the maximum effect is observed when the oscillation frequency during infrasonic processing is 4-7.5 Hz, which is confirmed by the calculation of the interference pattern created by the infrasonic waves in order to provide the necessary effect of the given length oscillations on a specific object. In this case, we selected the wavelength that was “consonant” (resonant) with the wave of the larch plant, which serves as a raw material for the preparation of the RAYDO preparation. In this case, branches with needles in diameter are 10-15 mm, which allows you to process almost the entire volume of wood with minimal cost.

The manufacturing technology of the drug provides for the maximum preservation of polyphenols, flavonoids, lignin, tannin, quercetin, dihydroquercetin, arabinogaloctane fibers, coumarins and other active substances contained in the feedstock.

The inventive method is simple, cheap, technologically advanced and harmless, all operations are easily feasible, because production waste was used and the use of concentrated acids and alkalis was excluded.

The group of inventions is illustrated by the following figures.

In FIG. 1 presents table 1. The content of trace elements in the drug.

In FIG. 2 - table 2. The results of titration of a therapeutic dose of the drug.

In FIG. 3 - table 3. The term of recovery during treatment with the drug of different forms of mastitis in lactating cows.

In FIG. 4 - Table 4. Therapeutic efficacy of the drug in the treatment of clinical and catarrhal forms of mastitis in lactating cows.

In FIG. 5 - Table 5. The content of somatic cells in the milk of cows before and after treatment of clinical mastitis

Get the drug by the method described in the example.

For raw materials, healthy, even-aged trees that were in the same growing conditions in the Altai Territory were selected.

The components of the raw material were waste processing larch trunks: bark - 20 wt. %, wood - 40 wt. %, bast - 10 wt. %, branches with needles - the rest,

The raw materials were crushed on a crusher-grinder ВХ-42 to a fraction of 1-2 mm and placed in a bathtub with a volume of 500 l.

Distilled water was poured into the bath with crushed raw materials. Then, an electrocoil - emitter was placed over the bathtub, made by wrapping a copper wire with a diameter of 2 mm around a plastic cone with a base diameter of 15 mm and with a tip diameter of 1 cm, which was connected to a PNG-4-type frequency oscillation source. A constant oscillation frequency of 7 Hz was set.

For 15 days, the raw material was under the influence of constant vibration created by infrasonic frequency oscillations.

At this time, the extraction of substances in the raw materials, which gradually turned into a water-dispersed state, was carried out. The extract had the composition: raw materials - 20 wt. %., water - the rest.

The resulting product, a water-dispersed extract, was filtered on a membrane filter with cartridges from 14 microns to 27 microns.

Next, a control sample was taken for analysis.

The filtered product under sterile conditions was packaged in glass sterile bottles with a capacity of 100 and 200 cm ³ and sealed with sterile rubber stoppers, then rolled up with metal caps made of aluminum foil and labeled.

The analysis of the obtained preparation was carried out according to such indicators as appearance, color, smell, taste, transparency, content of flavonoids and other active substances.

The preparation was a homogeneous transparent mass of liquid consistency from light brown to brown, bitter taste with a larch-specific odor.

The analysis was carried out using an Aurora M90 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer and the Kapel-105 capillary electrophoresis system.

The results of the analysis of the obtained preparation are presented in table 1 in FIG. one.

The resulting product contained:

polyphenols - 18.4 wt%;

flavonoids - 19.5 wt%;

lignin - 7.17 wt%;

tannin - 4.26 wt%;

quercetin - 12.78 wt%;

dehydroquercetin - 16.82 wt%;

arabinogalactan - 16.37 wt%;

coumarins - the rest.

The therapeutic effect of the drug in various forms of mastitis was studied in two households of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The experiments involved 211 cows, including 137 with a clinical form of mastitis and 74 with catarrhal. 74 animals included in the experiments were monitored daily until they were completely cured.

The therapeutic efficacy of the drug was determined by counting the number of somatic cells in the Goryaev chamber and a control bacteriological study of milk samples for the presence of pathogenic microflora.

The titration results of the optimal therapeutic dose of the drug for the treatment of cows with mastitis are presented in table 2 in FIG. 2.

From the results of titration it follows that in the treatment of cows with clinical and catarrhal forms of mastitis, the most optimal doses are 5 cm ³ and 10 cm ³ , respectively, with a single daily intracisternal administration.

Example 1

Sick cows were divided into 2 groups.

Cows of the first group, patients with a clinical form of mastitis, were injected with a dose of 5.0 ml intracisternally, the frequency of administration - 1 time per day for 5 days,

Cows of the 2nd group, patients with a catarrhal form of mastitis, were injected with a dose of 10.0 ml intracisternally, the frequency of administration - 1 time per day for 6 days.

The results are presented in table 3 in FIG. 3.

As a result of the treatment, a positive trend was observed after the first injection in both groups: the tightness and tenderness of the mammary gland began to decrease, on the second day the blood impurity disappeared in the milk, then the discharge of the increased volume of the udder began to decrease and switched to discharge with a predominance of mucus, the animals appeared appetite and chewing gum.

For 4-5 days, a yellowish-white color was observed only at the beginning of the nipple, and then pure milk was obtained, milk yield began to increase.

From the data presented in table 3 it follows that the therapeutic effect in the treatment of mastitis in cows was achieved. Recovery occurred on the 5th day in the treatment of the clinical form of mastitis and on the 6th day in the treatment of the catarrhal form of mastitis in cows.

Example 2

In order to determine the therapeutic efficacy of the drug, 80 cows with clinical and catarrhal forms of mastitis were selected.

Animals were divided into two experimental groups.

The experimental group of cows with the clinical form of mastitis was intracisternally administered the drug at a dose of 5.0 ml, the experimental group of cows with the catarrhal form of mastitis was administered at a dose of 10.0 ml once a day until recovery.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment method was carried out by counting somatic cells in the Goryaev chamber and a control bacteriological study of milk samples, taking into account the timing of recovery.

As follows from table 4 (Fig. 4), the cure of the clinical form of mastitis in the cows of the experimental group occurred in 80-95% of cases (96% of the udder) on the 5th day of treatment.

Catarrhal form of mastitis was cured in 95% of cows (93% of the udder) on the 6th day of treatment.

Research results indicate that treatment with the drug accelerated the process of neutralizing microflora in patients with mastitis lobes of the mammary gland. This resulted in a decrease in the number of somatic cells in milk and a reduction in the recovery time of cows, which is confirmed by the data in Table 5 in FIG. 5.

From the data of table 5 it follows that after treatment in the milk of cows of the experimental group, the content of somatic cells decreased by (53.6-64.8)% relative to the start of treatment.

To study the effect of the drug on the microflora of the udder, a bacteriological study of the secretion of the mammary gland of cows was conducted.

Secret samples were taken from the affected lobes in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antiseptics before the introduction of funds and after treatment of cows with a clinical form of mastitis.

Before the introduction of drugs in sick cows found microflora in the amount of 6-95.9 × 10 ³ cells / ml. The isolated microflora was represented by microorganisms of the genera Staphylococcus (St. albus, St. aureus), Streptococcus (Str. Agalactiae, Str. Dysagalactiae, Str. Spp.), Escherichia (Esh. Coli), Enterobacter (Enter, agglomerans), Klebsiella (K pneumoniae).

After treatment in breast secretion in 100% of the cows, the previously allocated microflora was absent.

Therapeutic experimental and clinical studies in the treatment of mastitis in cows give reason to believe that a natural herbal preparation has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, which eliminates the need for a preliminary determination of the type or strain of the pathogen and accelerates the treatment process.

The speed of the therapeutic effect, as well as the lack of cumulative action, allows for activities to be carried out in a short time, eliminating the possibility of microbes getting used to the drug and the emergence of stable forms. Additionally, as a positive aspect, the fungicidal, antiviral properties of the drug should be taken into account.

When used, it does not cause allergic reactions or side effects.

The sooner a preventive course of treatment with the specified drug is carried out, the more effective its action will be. The term of uterine involution is reduced, which prevents the occurrence of cow disease by subinvolution of the uterus. As a result, the economic efficiency of animal husbandry in the economy increases.

Claims (10)

1. The drug for the prevention and treatment of mastitis in cows in the form of a plant extract of raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks in a water-dispersed state in the following ratio of components, wt. %: raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks 18-22 water rest while the raw material contains bark, wood, bast and branches with larch needles in the ratio, wt.%: bark 18-22 wood 38-42 bast 8-12 branches with needles rest 2. A method of obtaining a drug for the prevention and treatment of mastitis in cows by extraction, including grinding raw materials, pouring with distilled water and vibrational treatment with frequency fluctuations, characterized in that the raw materials used are bark, wood, bast and branches with larch needles from waste from trunks processing larch in the ratio, wt.%: bark 18-22 wood 38-42 bast 8-12 branches with needles - the rest and grinding is carried out to a fraction of 1-2 mm, vibration processing is carried out using vibrations in the infrasonic frequency range, the duration of the vibration processing is 15-16 days to obtain a water-dispersed with a particle size of 15-27 microns of plant extract of raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks in the following ratio components, wt. %: raw materials from waste processing of larch trunks 18-22 water rest and in sterile conditions packaged in containers. 3. The method of obtaining the drug according to claim 2, characterized in that the oscillation frequency during infrasonic processing is 4-7.5 Hz, and the branches with needles in diameter are 10-15 mm.

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