RU2698372C1 - Vacuum explosion engineering system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for multiple explosions during testing for suitability for explosion or destruction of: explosives and shell-free explosive devices (ED) with maximum permissible weight explosive up to 200 g in trinitrotoluene equivalent (with creation of vacuum); shell ammunition and ED shell thickness of up to 2 mm and weight explosive up to 140 g in trinitrotoluene equivalent (grenades of RGD-5, RGD-33, M-39, M-34 types) using additional replaceable shells (with creation of vacuum). Complex comprises technological table-cube 1, on table-top 1.1 of which there is a vacuum explosion chamber 2, vacuum system 3, an internal control panel 4, an external control panel 5 with a detonation circuit and a vacuum explosive chamber VK-2 6 (Fig. 1, 2, 8). Proposed complex comprises explosion-proof table 7. Table with vacuum system 3 is made integral with process table-bench 1. Vacuum system 3 is arranged in process table curb, and stand for VK-2 explosion chamber is arranged on its table top 1.1. Gates "air" 3.3, "pumping out" 3.4, "pressure and vacuum gauge" 3.5 are mounted in one valve unit 3.12, which is fixed on housing 2.1 of chamber 2.

EFFECT: complex has undergone experimental development as a multiple-use plant; experiments have shown both reliability of design and compactness (small size) convenience during transportation and maintenance.

8 cl, 10 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to safety in the handling of explosives and explosive devices, more specifically, the invention is intended for repeated detonations when checking for suitability for explosion or destruction:

1) Explosives (explosives) and explosive non-shell devices (IW) with a maximum permissible mass of explosives up to 200 g in TNT equivalent (with the creation of a vacuum);

2) Shell munitions and explosives with a shell thickness of up to 2 mm and explosive mass up to 140 g in TNT equivalent (grenades of types RGD-5, RGD-33, M-39, M-34) using additional replaceable shells (with the creation of a vacuum);

3) initiating means (SI) with a maximum mass of equipment of initiating and blasting explosives up to 2 g in TNT equivalent.

The complex is designed to work in enclosed spaces (laboratories) equipped with forced supply and exhaust ventilation, a three-phase alternating current network with a voltage of 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz. The laboratory must have a main and adjacent room from which explosives are detonated. Those. the maximum possible safety of the staff should be ensured.

State of the art

A device is known for ensuring safety during the elimination and experimental testing of explosive devices (RF patent No. 2273821, F42D 5/04).

The device contains:

- explosion-proof chamber made in the form of a sealed power container of cylindrical shape with two bottoms;

- an explosive device placed on a carriage in the chamber cavity, which is then moved with a suspended explosive device along the beam to the desired position and stopped;

- items of equipment providing the ability to check the chamber for leaks.

The energy of the fragments is extinguished by layers of ballistic protection and internal structural elements of the chamber.

A disadvantage of the known device is the comparatively high cost of the experimental processing of an explosive device.

Closest to the invention, the technical solution (prototype) is the development of our company, LLC “Forensic Technology” “Complex for carrying out explosive technical examinations VK-100 (Technical description and operating manual KT.009.000 THAT is attached).

The complex consists of 5 main modules:

- a table with a vacuum system (Fig. 1, item 1);

- a table for an explosive chamber VK-100 (item 2);

- explosive cameras: VK-2 (item 3 on table 1), VK-10 (item 4 on table 1) and VK-100 (item 5 on table 2).

In the table (1) there is a 2NVR-5DM pump (6) with a receiver (7), a piping system with valves (8-13), vacuum gauges (14), a pressure gauge (15) and a tripod (16) under the covers of the VK-2 and VK-10. In addition, table (1) has a seat for a VK-10 camera or a VK-2 camera with a stand (17).

At the same time, the complex is designed to carry out multiple tests and destroy explosives (BB) weighing up to 100 grams in TNT equivalent, which is not enough to detonate shell munitions, most of which have an explosive mass of more than 100 grams in TNT equivalent (RGD-33, RG-42 , RGD-5, RGN, M-34, M-39).

In addition, there are no structural elements in the VK-100 chamber to accommodate the objects of detonation: shellless and shell VU.

The well-known complex consists of two tables with the necessary equipment placed on them, while the VK-100 camera is located on one table, and the vacuum system on the other. In addition, the vacuum system contains five vacuum valves, a large number of pipelines and connections, which significantly increases the likelihood of air leakage into the chamber and is a significant drawback.

The technical result of this invention is to eliminate these drawbacks by creating a simple small-sized complex, convenient for operation.

Disclosure of invention

The specified technical result is ensured by the fact that in a vacuum explosive complex containing a technological table-cabinet, on the tabletop of which a vacuum explosive chamber is mounted, consisting of a housing, covers, pivotally connected to the housing, while the chamber housing is equipped with a fitting for connecting to the vacuum system of the complex, a process hatch and a manovacuum meter, a support for the VK-2 blast chamber, a vacuum system containing a vacuum pump with a receiver and a hose system with valves, including, including valves "air", "pumping," manovacuum meter ", a detonation circuit, the electrodes of which are placed in the specified technological hatch, according to the invention valves" air "," pumping "," manovacuum meter "are mounted in one unit mounted on the camera body, while the indicated block serves as the mounting point of the manovacuum meter.

And also the fact that the vacuum pump is mounted on a pallet mounted on the bottom shelf of the technological table-pedestals, and the receiver is fixed on the inner surface of the tabletop of the table, and the pump and receiver are interconnected by a hose, which is fixed at one end to the pump inlet, and another on the tee of the receiver, while the outlet pipe of the pump is connected by a hose to the exhaust fitting, designed to divert the oil vapor of the pump into the ventilation system through the outlet hose.

And also by the fact that the elements for accommodating the objects of detonation are made in the form of side shelves and protrusions, lower protrusions, and to protect the surface when the shell WU is detonated from solid fragments by a jack plate.

And also the fact that the camera body is equipped with two holders of the ventilation duct, ventilation duct and a plate with a memo for working with the complex.

As well as the fact that it is equipped with an internal control panel located on the countertop, on the panel of which there is an automatic machine for turning on the mains “network” with a network indication LED, an automatic machine for turning on the pump “pump”, an LED “vacuum”, a vacuum indicator, an electronic timer, an LED "Exposure" - indicator of exposure to vacuum.

And also the fact that it is equipped with an external control panel with a detonation circuit containing a “door” LED — a door closure indicator, a detonator circuit jumper, detonation circuit contacts that are electrically connected to the electrodes placed in the technological hatch of the camera body.

And also by the fact that the stand for the VK-2 explosive chamber is fixed on the countertop of the technological table-curbstone.

And also the fact that it is equipped with an explosion-proof table, consisting of a tabletop covered with an antistatic conductive rubber plate, with rubberized sides, cabinets with drawers and a right support, while on the front side there are two connectors for connecting grounding bracelets, and a vise with intrinsically safe jaws, while it is equipped with a wire connected to the ground loop.

The invention will be better understood when referring to the description of an embodiment of the invention given with the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed vacuum explosive complex;

in FIG. 2 is a front view of a VK-200 vacuum blast chamber;

figure 3 is a rear view of a vacuum explosive chamber VK-200;

in FIG. 4 - valve block with a vacuum gauge;

in FIG. 5 - the internal cavity of the vacuum explosive chamber VK-200;

in FIG. 6 - explosive chamber VK-2;

in FIG. 7 - internal control panel of the complex;

in FIG. 8 - external control panel of the complex;

in FIG. 9 is a diagram of a complex vacuum system;

in FIG. 10 - a table with a memo for working with the complex.

The implementation of the invention

The vacuum explosive technical complex (hereinafter referred to as the complex) contains a technological table-curbstone 1, on the tabletop 1.1 of which a VK-200 vacuum explosive chamber 2, a vacuum system 3, an internal control panel 4, an external control panel 5 with a blasting circuit, and an explosive chamber VK-2 are mounted 6 (Fig. 1, 2, 6, 8).

In addition, the complex contains an explosion-proof table 7.

The VK-200 2 vacuum blast chamber (hereinafter referred to as the chamber, Figs. 1, 2, 5) consists of a housing 2.1, covers 2.2, pivotally connected to the housing 2.1, and fixed with hinged bolts 2.3 with nuts 2.4, while the housing 2.1 of the chamber 2 is equipped with a fitting 2.5 for connecting to the complex’s vacuum system 3, technological access door 2.6 with electrodes 2.7, and the internal cavity of chamber 2 is equipped with elements for placing detonation objects made in the form of side shelves 2.8 and lower protrusions 2.9, and to protect the surface when undermining the shell WU from solid fragments equipped with fenders plate 2.10 (Fig. 5).

The vacuum system 3, located in the technological table-cabinet 1 (in contrast to the prototype, in which it is placed on a separate table, i.e., the table with the vacuum system is made in one piece with the technological table-cabinet) contains a vacuum pump 3.1 (hereinafter pump) with a receiver 3.2, and a hose system with valves, including, but not limited to, a valve, “air” 3.3, and a “pump” valve 3.4, a “mano-vacuum meter” 3.5. The technological table-unit 1 is made with swing doors 1.4.

The implementation of the vacuum system in one piece with the technological table-cabinet 1 allows the complex to be compact (small-sized), convenient for transportation and maintenance, reduce the area for placing the complex and place other technological objects for servicing the complex on the freed up area, for example, an explosion-proof table 7 (about than will be said below).

In this case, the vacuum pump 3.1 is mounted on a pallet 1.2 mounted on the bottom shelf 1.3 of the technological table-pedestal 1, and the receiver is fixed on the inner surface of the tabletop 1.1 of the indicated table (Fig. 2), and the pump 3.1 and receiver 3.2 are interconnected by a hose 3.6, which is fixed at one end of the inlet pipe 3.7 of the pump 3.1, and the other at the tee 3.8 of the receiver 3.2, while the outlet pipe 3.9 of the pump 3.1 is connected by a hose 3.10 to the exhaust fitting 3.11 (Fig. 3), designed to divert the oil vapor of the pump into the ventilation system through outlet hose (per hour Hg is not showing.).

The valves “air” 3.3, “pumping out” 3.4, “manovacuum meter 3.5” are mounted in one block 3.12 of the valves, which is mounted on the camera body 2.1 (unlike the prototype, in which they are mounted separately and mounted on a vacuum table). The valve block 3.12 is connected by a hose 3.13 and a tube 3.14, respectively, with the receiver 3.2 and the fitting 2.5, which, as already mentioned, is placed on the housing 2.1 of the chamber 2 (Fig. 2, 3, 9).

Moreover, the indicated block of valves 3.12 serves as the mounting point of the manovacuum gauge 3.5 (in the prototype, this device was mounted on the camera body). The mounting of the block 3.12 on the chamber 2 provides convenience during maintenance and control of the vacuum system 3 and the installation as a whole.

The internal control panel 4 (Fig. 2, 7) is located on the countertop (in the prototype it is placed on a vacuum table), on the panel of which there is an automatic 4.1 for turning on the power supply with a LED 4.2 indicating the network, an automatic machine 4.3 for switching on the pump "pump", LED 4.4 " vacuum "- indicator of vacuum achievement, electronic timer 4.5, LED 4.6" exposure "- indicator of vacuum exposure. The placement on the countertop 1.1 of the internal control panel 4 provides convenience when managing the complex.

An external control panel with a detonation circuit 5 (Fig. 8) located in an adjacent room contains a 5.1 “door” LED — a door closure indicator, a jumper 5.2 of an detonation circuit, contacts 5.3 of an detonator circuit, which are electrically connected to the electrodes 2.7 located on the technological hatch 2.6 housing 2.1 of the chamber 2 (Fig. 2).

The camera body 2.1 is equipped with two holders 2.11 of the ventilation duct, ventilation duct 2.12 (Fig. 2) and a plate with a memo for working with complex 2.13 (Fig. 10)

The complex, like the prototype, is equipped with a VK-2 explosive chamber, which is designed for safe destruction by the method of blasting small explosive devices weighing up to 2 grams in TNT equivalent. The camera can be used to assess the consequences of the explosion of capsules - detonators, electric detonators, improvised fuses.

Explosive chamber VK-2 (Fig. 6, unlike the prototype mounted on the tabletop 1.1), consists of their body 6.1 and replaceable covers: for UZRGM fuses (upgraded hand grenade fuses) 6.2 and UDZ fuses (impact-remote fuse) 6.3 . The camera also includes a limiter 6.4. The VK-2 blast chamber is mounted on a stand 6.5, which is mounted on a tabletop 1.1.

The complex, in addition, unlike the prototype, is equipped with an explosion-proof table 7 (Fig. 1), consisting of a tabletop 7.1 covered with an antistatic conductive rubber plate, with rubberized sides 7.2, cabinets 7.3 with drawers 7.4 and a right support 7.5, while The front side has two connectors 7.6 for connecting grounding bracelets 7.7. A vise 7.8 with intrinsically safe jaws is fixed on the countertop 7.1, while it is equipped with a wire (to hell, not shown) connected to the ground loop. The purpose of the explosion-proof table will be more clear from the section "Working with the complex."

Work with the complex

Consider the work of the proposed vacuum explosive chamber 2 on the example of undermining a shellless WU.

Before you start working with the complex, you must:

- connect the ventilation duct 2.12 and the exhaust fitting 3.11 of the complex to the supply and ventilation system of the room;

- connect the technological table 1 with cameras VK-200 and VK-2 and explosion-proof table 7 to the ground loop of the working room;

- make sure that the system is de-energized and that all valves 3.3, 3.4, 3.5 are in the “closed” position.

It is necessary to prepare the object on the explosion-proof table 7 (Fig. 1), using the necessary tools from the spare parts kit supplied by the manufacturer as part of the complex. First you need to put grounding bracelets 7.7 on your wrists, and insert the bracelet plugs into the connectors 7.6 on the edge 7.2 of table 7. It can be seen that explosion-proof table 7 provides not only ease of maintenance of the complex, but also safety when handling explosives.

We screw on the explosive chamber VK-2 (Fig. 6) a cover 6.2 for UZRGM fuses (a standardized hand grenade fuse modernized) and lower the ED (electric detonator) through the opening of the cover by the lower edge of the sleeve by 20-30 mm. We place the VK-2 camera inside the VK-200 camera (Fig. 5) between the two lower protrusions 2.9 and connect the wires from the ED to the internal contacts of the electrodes 2.7, after which we extract the ED from the VK-2 camera, and the camera itself from the VK-200 camera .

This operation is necessary as a preventive measure to protect the expert from splinters in the event of a ED triggering from static electricity.

Then, on the side shelves of the 2.8 chamber at its center, we place a 40-50 mm thick coniferous board with a width of at least 150 mm and install an object prepared for detonation on the board, placing it in the center of the chamber 2. Insert the ED electric detonator into the explosive hinge and close the camera. The object in chamber 2 is ready for detonation.

Further. On the internal control panel 4 (Fig. 7) we turn on: the automatic machine 4.1 for turning on the power supply “network”, while the corresponding LED 4.2-LED for indicating the network lights up, and the automatic machine 4.3 for turning on the pump “pump”, while the vacuum pump 3.1 starts working.

Then on the block 3.12 valves (Fig. 4, Fig. 10) we open the valves "pumping" 3.4 and "manovacuum" 3.5. We carry out the evacuation of chamber 2 until a residual pressure of 6.6 kPa (50 mmHg) is reached, which corresponds to the division on the manovacuum meter minus 0.93 atm. When the specified residual pressure is reached on the internal control panel 4, the 4.4 “vacuum” LED should light up - a vacuum indicator, which serves as a signal to close the “pump” 3.4 valve and turn off the vacuum pump 3.1 by the 4.3 automatic pump shutdown pump. For a short time (3-5 seconds), open and close the valve “air” 3.3 on the block 3.12 of the valves in order to equalize the pressure at the pump inlet and outlet (air inlet mode).

Leave the chamber with vacuum for 30 + -1 minutes. The time is controlled by the electronic timer 4.5 of the internal control panel 4. After the set time has elapsed, the LED 4.6 “shutter speed” - vacuum shutter speed indicator lights up. The increase in pressure over the specified time should not exceed 0.01 MPa (which corresponds to division by a manovacuum meter minus 0.9 atm).

In the case of an unacceptable increase in pressure in the chamber 2, this is indicated by LED 4.4 "vacuum" on the internal control panel 4, it goes out. In this case, the work is interrupted until the causes and leakage of air into the chamber 2 are clarified and eliminated.

If the residual pressure in the chamber 2 is within the permissible limits, then it is necessary to close the "manovacuum meter" 3.5 on the valve block 3.12 and remove all personnel from the working room to the adjacent room. In this case, it is necessary to remove the jumper with the ground wire (to hell, not shown) from the external contacts of the electrodes 2.7 (Fig. 1) and connect them to the blast circuit. Next, close the metal door, while on the external control panel 5 the LED 5.1 “door” lights up (Fig. 8). We remove the jumper 5.2 from the contacts 5.3 of the detonation circuit on the external control panel 5 and connect the wires of the electric explosive machine to them. We produce a blast that is accompanied by a faint metallic sound or popping. Then we disconnect the wires of the electric explosive machine from the contacts 5.3 of the detonation circuit and install the jumper 5.2, turn on the ventilation, open the metal door and enter the working room, while the 5.1 “door” LED goes out on the external control panel, and open the “manovacuum meter” 3.5 valves, “Pumping out” 3.4 and “air” 3.3, weaken the nuts on the hinge bolts 2.3 of the cover 2.2 of the chamber 2, creating small gaps between the flanges of the covers 2.2 and the housing 2.1 of the chamber 2, ventilate the chamber and the room through the ventilation duct 2.12 for 15 minutes. After this, we completely open the covers 2.2 of chamber 2 and carefully clean it of the residual substance, parts of the electric detonator, wire, etc., close the valves "manovacuum meter" 3.5, "pumping" 3.4 and "air" 3.3, disconnect the external contacts of the electrodes 2.7 from the circuit of undermining, insert a jumper with a ground wire into the contacts 2.7, on the internal control panel 4, turn off the automatic machine 4.1 for turning on the “network” power supply, turn off the ventilation.

To detonate a shell VU with a shell thickness of up to 2 mm (grenades of types RGD-5, RGD-33, M-39, M-34) it is necessary to place the VU-explosive device and the ED-detonator in the shell and place it in a vertical position on the said board . The shell is a device for ballistic protection of the internal structural elements of the camera when undermining the shell WU. Structurally, it is made in the form of a cylindrical container with double perforated walls. It is known that when an explosive device is detonated, gaseous products and solid fragments propagate in the axial and radial directions, and therefore the shell is tightly closed by a lid. All further operations and manipulations, as in the case of undermining a shellless WU.

The proposed vacuum explosive complex was tested experimentally as a reusable installation; the experiments performed showed both the reliability of the structure and, due to its compactness (small size), convenience in transportation and maintenance.

Claims (8)

1. A vacuum blasting complex containing a technological table-cabinet, on the tabletop of which a vacuum blasting chamber is mounted, consisting of a body, the internal cavity of which is equipped with elements for placing detonation objects, covers, pivotally connected to the body, while the camera body is equipped with a fitting for connection with a complex’s vacuum system, a technological manhole and a vacuum manometer, a stand for a VK-2 blast chamber, a vacuum system containing a vacuum pump with a receiver and a hose system with valves, including, including the “air”, “pump”, “manovacuum meter” valves, the blast circuit, the electrodes of which are placed in the indicated process hatch, characterized in that the “air”, “pump”, “manovacuum meter” valves are mounted in one unit mounted on the camera body, while this unit serves as a mounting point of the manovacuum meter. 2. The complex according to p. 1, characterized in that the vacuum pump is mounted on a pallet mounted on a shelf-bottom of the technological table-pedestals, and the receiver is mounted on the inner surface of the countertops of the specified table, the pump and the receiver are connected by a hose, which is one end mounted on the inlet pipe of the pump, and the other on the tee of the receiver, while the outlet pipe of the pump is connected by a hose to the exhaust fitting, designed to divert the oil vapor of the pump into the ventilation system through the outlet hose. 3. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements for accommodating the objects of detonation are made in the form of side shelves and protrusions, lower protrusions, and to protect the surface when the shell is blasted from solid fragments with a baffle plate. 4. The complex according to p. 1, characterized in that the camera body is equipped with two holders of the ventilation duct, ventilation duct and a plate with a memo for working with the complex. 5. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an internal control panel located on the countertop, on the panel of which there is an automatic machine for turning on the power "network" with a network indication LED, a machine for turning on the pump "pump", an LED "vacuum" - indicator vacuum achievement, electronic timer, “shutter speed” LED - vacuum shutter speed indicator. 6. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an external control panel with a blast circuit containing a “door” LED - a door closure indicator, a blast circuit jumper, blast circuit contacts that are electrically connected to the electrodes placed in the technological hatch of the camera body . 7. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand for the explosive chamber VK-2 is mounted on the countertop of the technological table-tables. 8. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an explosion-proof table consisting of a tabletop covered with an antistatic conductive rubber plate, with rubberized sides, cabinets with drawers and a right support, while two connectors for connecting grounding bracelets are made on the front side moreover, a vice with intrinsically safe jaws is fixed on the countertop, while it is equipped with a wire connected to the ground loop.

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