RU2696666C1 - Plate-type heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat exchange.

SUBSTANCE: high-pressure plate heat exchanger comprising housing (2), which has shell (3), upper cover (4) and lower cover (5), which are connected to form chamber (14), stack (20) of heat transfer plates, which is located inside chamber (14), heat transfer plates have holes in form of through cavities in heat transfer plates, holes form space (24) in stack (20) of plates, in which first fluid (F1) flows, wherein amplification element (50) extends through holes in heat transfer plates and is connected to each of covers with upper cover (4) and lower cover (5) for holding covers (4, 5), when the plate heat exchanger is subjected to pressure from the side of any of the fluids - the first fluid (F1) and the second fluid (F2), which flows through the plate heat exchanger.

EFFECT: plate-type heat exchanger is described.

12 cl, 14 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a plate heat exchanger, which has a shell in the form of a shell, a top cover and a bottom cover, which are connected to form a chamber in which a stack of heat transfer plates is located. The heat transfer plates have openings in the form of through cavities in the heat transfer plates, and the holes form a space in the stack of plates in which the first fluid flows. The plates have first sections that act as fluid inlets for the second fluid, and second sections that are opposed to the first sections and act as fluid outlets for the second fluid.

BACKGROUND

Currently, there are many different types of plate heat exchangers that are used in various applications depending on their type. Some types of plate heat exchangers are assembled from a housing that forms a sealed chamber in which heat transfer plates that are combined are housed. The heat transfer plates form a stack of heat transfer plates in which alternating first and second flow channels are formed between the heat transfer plates for the first and second fluid.

One type of plate heat exchanger has one or more openings (windows) in the form of through cavities in heat transferring plates. Fluid flows into the holes, either directly or, for example, through a tubular structure that extends through the holes. Fluid typically enters a separate heat transfer plate at the hole inlet section of the heat transfer plate, flows through the plate and leaves the plate at the exhaust section of the same hole or another hole. The exhaust section is located on the heat transfer plate opposite the intake section.

The second fluid often enters the heat transfer plate at the inlet section of the plate periphery, flows through the plate and leaves the plate at the outlet section of the plate periphery, which outlet section is opposite the inlet section. For some plate heat exchangers, a second fluid enters and leaves the heat transfer plates through additional openings in the heat transfer plates.

Obviously, the inlet and outlet for the first fluid are between each second pair of plates, while the inlet and outlet for the second fluid are between each other, second pair of plates. Thus, the first and second fluid flows along the respective side of the heat transfer plate between each second pair of heat transfer plates. Plates from a pair of plates that have an inlet and outlet for the first fluid are typically sealed to each other at all edges except where the openings for the first fluid are located, while plates from a pair of plates that have an inlet and outlet for the second fluid, they are sealed to each other at all edges, except where the openings for the second fluid are.

The sealed heat transfer plates are connected to each other in this way, and the heat transfer plates are sometimes referred to as a stack of plates or a stack of heat transfer plates. The stack of heat transfer plates has a substantially cylindrical shape with one or more internal through cavities. The stack of heat transfer plates can be completely welded so that rubber gaskets between the heat transfer plates can be avoided. This makes the heat exchanger suitable for use with a wide range of aggressive fluids at high temperatures and high pressures.

When the heat transfer plates are surrounded by a housing, the plate heat exchanger can withstand high pressure levels compared to many other types of plate heat exchangers. At the same time, the plate heat exchanger with the casing is compact, has good heat transfer properties and can withstand harsh operating conditions without destruction.

During maintenance of the heat exchanger, a stack of heat transfer plates can be accessed and cleaned by removing, for example, the top or bottom cover of the shell, and washing the stack of heat transfer plates with a detergent. It is also possible to replace the stack of heat transferring plates with a new stack, which may be identical or different from the previous stack to the extent that it can be properly placed inside the shell.

Typically, a plate heat exchanger is suitable not only for use as a conventional heat exchanger, but also as a condenser or reboiler. In the last two cases, the shell may contain additional inlets / outlets for condensate, which may eliminate the need for a special separator block.

A plate heat exchanger with a body and a stack of plates located therein provides, as indicated, a combination of advantages and properties that are very specific to this type. A number of embodiments of such heat exchangers have been disclosed, such as those described in patent document EP 2002193 A1. Compared to several other types of plate heat exchangers, the plate heat exchanger with housing has a compact design and can withstand high pressure levels. However, it is believed that such heat exchangers can be improved with respect to their ability to work with internal stresses caused, for example, by changes in temperature and changes in fluid pressure that occur during operation of the heat exchanger.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to provide increased durability of the plate heat exchanger using the housing. In particular, it is a task to increase the ability of a heat exchanger, such as a plate heat exchanger, to better withstand temperature changes and fluid pressure fluctuations.

To solve these problems, a plate heat exchanger is proposed. The plate heat exchanger is a high pressure heat exchanger. A heat exchanger with a heat plate comprises a housing that has a shell, a top cover and a bottom cover that are connected to form a chamber. A number of heat transfer plates are continuously connected to each other to form a stack of plates that is located inside the chamber and has alternating first and second flow channels for the first fluid and the second fluid between the heat transfer plates. The heat transfer plates have openings in the form of through cavities in the heat transfer plates, the openings forming a space in the stack of plates in which the first fluid flows, as well as the first sections that act as fluid inlets for the second fluid and the second sections that are opposite the first sections and act as fluid outlets for the second fluid. The reinforcing element extends through openings in the heat transfer plates from the top cover to the bottom cover, the reinforcing element being connected to each of the covers — the top cover and the bottom cover to hold the covers when the plate heat exchanger is subjected to pressure from any of the fluids — the first fluid and second fluid. The reinforcement prevents bending of the top cover and bottom cover. As an alternative or addition to the statement that the plate heat exchanger is a high pressure heat exchanger, it can be indicated that the plate heat exchanger can withstand a pressure of at least 5 MPa.

The proposed plate heat exchanger is advantageous in that it has a very high ability to withstand temperature changes and fluid pressure fluctuations. In addition, relatively less shell material is required in order to obtain the desired durability and mechanical strength of the plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger may include a number of additional features, as described below. These additional features, both individually and in combination, additionally provide the ability of the plate heat exchanger to effectively withstand temperature changes and pressure fluctuations of the fluid, while simultaneously allowing the use of a shell made of a relatively small amount of material.

However, other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description, as well as from the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, for example, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which

FIG. 1 is a top cross-sectional view of a reinforced plate heat exchanger, as seen along line B-B in FIG. 2

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1, as seen along line AA in FIG. one,

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a flow separator that is located in the heat exchanger of FIG. one,

FIG. 4 is a side view of the flow splitter of FIG. 3

FIG. 5 is a main plan view of a heat transfer plate that, together with similar heat transfer plates, can form a stack of plates for the heat exchanger shown in FIG. one,

FIG. 6 is a main cross-sectional side view of four heat transfer plates of the type shown in FIG. five,

FIG. 7 is a top view in cross section of a second embodiment of a reinforced plate heat exchanger,

FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 7, as seen from line C-C in FIG. 7,

FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a reinforced plate heat exchanger,

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view of a fourth embodiment of a reinforced plate heat exchanger,

FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. ten,

FIG. 12 is a main plan view of a heat transfer plate that can be used in the heat exchanger shown in FIG. eleven,

FIG. 13 is a side cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a reinforced plate heat exchanger, and

FIG. 14 is a main plan view of a heat transfer plate that can be used in the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 13.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring to FIG. 1 and 2, the plate heat exchanger 101 is illustrated. The plate heat exchanger 101 has a body 2 that includes a cylindrical shell 3, a top cover 4 and a bottom cover 5. The top cover 4 is in the form of a circular disk, and the periphery of the top cover 4 is attached to the upper edge of the cylindrical shell 3 The lower cover 5 is in the form of a circular disk, and the periphery of the lower cover 5 is attached to the lower edge of the cylindrical shell 3. The covers 4, 5, in the illustrated embodiment, are welded to the cylindrical shell 3. In another embodiment, The lids 4, 5 are attached to the cylindrical shell 3 by means of bolts that engage with the flanges (not shown) of the cylindrical shell 3 and with the covers 4, 5. Several heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23, which are constantly connected to each other, form a stack of 20 plates, which is located inside the chamber 14, inside the housing 2. The stack 20 has between the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 alternating first and second flow channels 11, 12 for the first fluid F1 and for the second fluid F2, i.e. the first fluid F1 p swells between every second pair of heat transfer plates.

The top cover 4 has a fluid inlet 6 for a first fluid F1, which passes through a heat exchanger 101 through a first flow channel 11. This fluid inlet 6 is called a first fluid inlet 6. The bottom cover 5 has a fluid outlet 7 for a first fluid F1, which passes through a heat exchanger 101 through a first flow channel 11. This fluid outlet 7 is called a first fluid outlet 7. The first fluid inlet 6 is located in the center of the upper cover 4, and the first fluid outlet 7 is located in the center of the lower cover 5. The first fluid inlet 6 and the first fluid outlet 7 are opposite each other in the housing 2.

The cylindrical shell 3 has a fluid inlet 8 for a second fluid F2, which passes through a heat exchanger 101 through a second flow channel 12. This fluid inlet 8 is called a second fluid inlet 8. The cylindrical shell 3 also has a fluid outlet 9 for a second fluid F2, which passes through a heat exchanger 101 through a second flow channel 12. The outlet 9 is called the second fluid outlet 9. The second fluid inlet 8 is located on the sidewall of the cylindrical shell 3, halfway between the upper edge of the cylindrical shell 3 and the lower edge of the cylindrical shell 3. The second fluid outlet 9 is located on the sidewall of the cylindrical shell 3, which is opposite the second fluid inlet 8, on the middle of the distance between the upper edge of the cylindrical shell 3 and the lower edge of the cylindrical shell 3.

Case 2, i.e. in the illustrated embodiment, the cylindrical shell 3, the upper cover 4 and the lower cover 5 form a chamber 14 or an inner space 14 in which a stack of 20 heat transfer plates is located. The heat transfer plates in the stack 20, such as the heat transfer plates 21, 22 and 23, are permanently connected and arranged in an airtight chamber such that the first and second flow channels 11, 12 follow in corresponding alternating flow channels between the heat transfer plates. Each of the heat transfer plates in the stack 20 has a central opening 31. The central openings of several heat transfer plates in the stack 20 together form a central space 24 in the stack 20.

Further referring to FIG. 3 and 4, the fluid separation device 40 is inserted into the central space 24 in the stack 20. The separation device 40 is in the form of a cylinder 41, which fits close to the central holes 31 of the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 in the stack 20. The height of the device 40 for The separation coincides with the height of the central space 24 in the stack 20. The flow separator 42 extends diagonally from the upper part of the cylinder 41 to the lower part of the cylinder 41 and divides the inside of the cylinder 41 into the first section 43 of the cylinder and the second section 44 of the cylinder. A flow divider 42 separates the first cylinder section 43 from the second cylinder section 44 so that fluid (not counting some leakage if it occurs) does not flow directly between sections 43, 44. Instead, fluid flows from the first cylinder section 43 into the second section 44 cylinders through heat transfer plates in stack 20.

The separation device 40 has a first hole 45 in the first cylinder section 43 and a second hole 46 in the second cylinder section 44. The first hole 45 is located opposite the second hole 46, thanks to the flow separator 42, which is symmetrically located between the holes 45, 46.

Referring to FIG. 5, one of the heat transfer plates 21 is shown which is used for the stack 20. The heat transfer plate 21 has a central opening 31 and a number of rows 32, 33 with alternating protrusions and grooves. The flat section 38 of the plate separates the rows 32, 33 from each other. The heat transfer plate 21 has a central opening 31, which, together with the central holes of the other heat transfer plates in the stack 20, forms a central space 24 in the stack of plates 20 and in which the fluid separation device 40 is located. Further, the first section 34 of the Central hole 31 acts as a fluid inlet 34 for the first fluid F1, and the second section 35 of the Central hole 31 acts as a fluid outlet 35 for the first fluid F1. The inlet 34 allows the first fluid F1 to enter the spaces between each second heat transfer plate, and the outlet 35 allows the fluid to exit the same spaces between each second heat transfer plate. The outlet 35, as seen in the center C of the heat transfer plate 21, is opposite the inlet 34. The heat transfer plate 21 also has a first side 36, or a first section 36, which acts as the fluid inlet 36 for the second fluid F2 and the second side 37, or a second section 37, which acts as the fluid outlet 37 for the second fluid F2. The fluid outlet 37 is located opposite the fluid inlet 36. All heat transfer plates in stack 20 may take the form of heat transfer plates 21 shown in FIG. 5, wherein each other heat transfer plate is rotated 180 ° about axis A1, which extends both along the plane of the heat transfer plate and through the center C of the heat transfer plate.

Further referring to FIG. 6, the main view of the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 is shown together with an additional heat transfer plate along a cross section that extends from the center C of the heat transfer plate 21 to the peripheral edge (periphery) 39 of the heat transfer plate 21. The periphery 39 of the heat transfer plate 21 is connected along its entire length with the corresponding periphery of the upper heat transfer plate 22. The plates 22, 23 have central planes P2, P3 that are parallel to the central plane P1 of the plate 21. The intermediate space between the plates 21, 22 forms a portion of the first flow channel 11 for the first fluid F1. The central plane P1 extends through the heat transfer plate 21 in parallel to the upper surface (see FIG. 5) and to the lower surface of the heat transfer plate 21.

The central hole 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 may be connected to a similar central hole of the upper heat transfer plate 22, with the exception of the sections of the hole where the fluid inlet 34 and the fluid outlet 35 are located. The inlet 34 and the outlet 35 are determined by the corresponding angle α (the angle α is shown only for the outlet 35). The inlet and outlet 34, 35 are located symmetrically against each other. Optionally, the plates 22, 23 are not connected in their central openings 31. Then the openings 45, 46 in the separation device 40 restrict the flow of the first fluid F1 so that the fluid enters and leaves the plates at the fluid inlet 34 and the fluid outlet 35 . The holes 45, 46 of the separation device 40 then tighten the corresponding angle α °.

The Central hole 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 along its full length is connected with the corresponding Central hole of the lower heat transfer plate 23. The intermediate space between the plates 21, 23 forms a portion of the second flow channel 12 for the second fluid F2.

The heat transfer plate 21 may be partially connected to the lower heat transfer plate 23 at the periphery 39 of the heat transfer plate 21, i.e. the periphery 39 of the heat transfer plate 21 may be partially connected to the same periphery of the lower heat transfer plate 23. The fluid inlet 36 and the fluid outlet 37 on the plate periphery 31 are not connected to the lower heat transfer plate 23. The portions, i.e. the input and output 36, 37, which are not connected, are determined by the corresponding angle β degrees. The sections 36, 37 are symmetrical and are located opposite each other, and act as the inlet and outlet of the fluid for the second fluid F2. There is no need to connect the heat transfer plates 21, 23 at their periphery. In this case, the first side 36 still acts as the fluid inlet 36 for the second fluid F2, and the second side 37 - the fluid outlet 37 for the second fluid F2. The seals can be arranged so that the second fluid F2 does not enter or exit the plates in the sections outside the inlet and outlet 36, 37.

To prevent too much of the second fluid F2 from flowing through the stack of plates 20, due to flow, for example, in a possible gap between the cylindrical shell 3 and the stack of plates 20, seals or some other overflow blocker (not shown) can be installed between the shell 3 and a stack of 20 plates. Of course, these seals or blockers are located outside the fluid inlet 36 and the fluid outlet 37.

The connection of the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 is usually carried out by welding. The heat transfer plate 21 may have a central edge 52, which is folded in the direction of the lower adjacent heat transfer plate 23 and is connected to its corresponding bent central edge. The heat transfer plate 21 may also have a peripheral edge 51, which is folded in the direction of another, upper, adjacent heat transfer plate 22 and is connected to its corresponding curved peripheral edge.

Then, the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 can be connected to each other at their curved edges. Between the separation device 40 and the heat transfer plates, a seal may be provided to seal the plates, such as plates 21 and 22, along their central holes 31 in all sections except at inlet 34 and outlet 35.

Returning to FIG. 1-4, you can see the flow through the heat transfer plates. The first fluid stream flows through a channel designated as “F1”. Thanks to the separation device 40 and its flow separator 42, the first fluid stream F1 passes through the first fluid inlet 6, enters the first cylinder section 43 and flows through the first opening 45 in the separation device 40 into the first plate inlets 34 of the heat transfer plates 21 in stack 20. The first fluid F1 then “pivots” as it flows through the heat transfer plates, as indicated by channel F1 in FIG. 1 leaves the heat transfer plates through the first plate outlets 35 of the heat transfer plates 21 in the stack 20 and enters the second cylinder section 44 through the second hole 46. From the second cylinder section 44, the first fluid F1 flows into the first fluid outlet 7, where it leaves the heat exchanger 101 .

As you can see, the first section 43 of the flow separator 40 accesses the fluid inlets 34 at the central holes 31 of the set (of a number) of heat transfer plates in the stack 20, and the second section 44 of the flow separator 42 accesses the 35 fluid outlets at the center holes 31 of the same set of heat transfer plates in a stack.

The flow of the second medium flows through the channel designated as "F2". The second fluid stream F2 passes through the second fluid inlet 8 and into the second plate inlets 36 of the heat transfer plates 21 in the stack 20. To facilitate the distribution of the fluid in all of the second plate inlets 36 of the heat transfer plates, the heat exchanger 101 may comprise a distributor at the second fluid inlet 8, which is formed in the form of a channel between the shell 3 and the stack of 20 plates. This distributor or channel is made by arranging a cutout 28 in the heat transfer plate 21, so that a space is created between the heat transfer plate 21 and the casing 3 near the inlet 8. Similarly, a manifold having the same shape as the distributor may be located near the second outlet 7 of the fluid. Further, the collector is formed as a channel between the shell 3 and the stack of plates 20 and is made by arranging a cutout 29 in the heat transferring plate 21, so that a space is created between the heat transferring plate 21 and the shell 3 near the outlet 9. The first side 36 or fluid inlet 36 of the heat transfer plate 21 is then formed in the cutout 28, and the second side 37 or the fluid outlet 37 is then formed in the cutout 29.

When the second fluid F2 enters the inlets 36 of the plates, it flows through the plates in the stack 20, see channel F2 in FIG. 1, leaves the heat transfer plates in the stack 20 through the outlet 37 and then leaves the heat exchanger 101 through the second outlet 9 of the fluid.

The separation device 40, at its upper end, is welded to the upper cover 4, and at its lower part, is welded to the lower cover 5. Typically, the cylinder 41, at its upper peripheral edge, is welded to the upper cover 4, and on its the lower peripheral edge is welded to the lower cover 5. Then, the separation device 40 extends through the openings 31 in the heat transfer plates 21-23 from the upper cover 4 to the lower cover 5 and acts as a reinforcing element 40. As a result, the separation device in the form of a reinforcing element 40 holds the covers 4, 5 when the plate heat exchanger is pressurized by the first fluid F1 and / or the second fluid F2. When the reinforcing element 40 is in the form of a separation device, it comprises a flow divider 42 and is divided into a first section 43 and a second section 44.

Turning to FIG. 7 and 8, a second embodiment of the plate heat exchanger 102 is illustrated. The plate heat exchanger 102 is similar to the plate heat exchanger 101 described in connection with FIG. 1, and has a housing 2, which contains a cylindrical shell 3, an upper cover 4 and a lower cover 5. A device 40 for separating a fluid with a flow divider 42 is located in a space 24 in a stack of 20 heat transfer plates that is located inside the chamber 14 inside the housing 2. The plate heat exchanger 102 of FIG. 7 and 8 is different from the plate heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1, in that it has a reinforcing member 50 that extends through openings 31 in the heat transfer plates, from the top cover 4 to the bottom cover 5. The reinforcing member 50 is connected to each of the covers — the top cover 4 and the bottom cover 5. The reinforcing member 50 has the shape of elongated rods that extend through the space 24 in the stack of plates 20 and are connected to the upper cover 4 and the lower cover 5. In the embodiment shown, there are sixteen rods that are symmetrically arranged around the device 40 for separating whose environment. The rods have threaded ends that extend through covers 4, 5, and the nuts are located on threaded rods to fix the rods to the covers. The holes 45, 46 of the fluid separation device 40 are directly connected to the fluid inlets and to the fluid outlets 34, 35 of the central opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 (see FIG. 5). This connection is made by two flow guides 451, 461 that extend from the openings 45, 46 of the fluid separation device 40 to the fluid inlets 34 and the fluid outlets 35 of the heat transfer plates 21 in the stack 20. The inlet and outlet for the second fluid F2, and also the ducts for the second fluid F2 are the same as for the plate heat exchanger 102 shown in FIG. 7 and for the plate heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. one.

Turning to FIG. 9, a third embodiment of a plate heat exchanger 103 is illustrated. The plate heat exchanger 103 is similar to the plate heat exchanger 101 described in connection with FIG. 1, and has a housing 2, which comprises a cylindrical shell 3, an upper cover 4 and a lower cover 5. The plate heat exchanger 103 shown in FIG. 9 differs from the plate heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1 in that the fluid separation device 40 is in the form of a tube 60 that extends through covers 4, 5. The tube 60 acts as a reinforcing element 60 and includes at its ends a fluid inlet 6 and a fluid outlet 7 for the first fluid F1 environment. The amplification element 60 has a flow separator 42, a first section 43 and a second section 44, which are similar to sections of the fluid separation device 40 that is used for the plate heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1. The reinforcing member 60 has elongated openings 45, 46 that face fluid inlets 34 and fluid outlets 35 of the heat transfer plates 20 (see FIG. 5). The reinforcing element 60 extends through the central space 24 in the stack 20 and is welded to both covers 4, 5 at the peripheral periphery. This improves the ability of the plate heat exchanger 103 to withstand temperature changes and fluid pressure fluctuations. The inlet and outlet, as well as the duct for the second fluid F2 are the same as for the plate heat exchanger 103 shown in FIG. 9, and for the plate heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. one.

Turning to FIG. 10, 11 and 12, a fourth embodiment of a plate heat exchanger 104 and one of its heat transfer plates 212 are illustrated. The plate heat exchanger 104 has a housing 2 that includes a cylindrical shell 3, an upper cover 4 and a lower cover 5 that are connected to each other. A number of heat transfer plates that are constantly connected to each other form a stack of plates 20, which is located inside the chamber 14 inside the housing 2. The stack 20 has alternating first and second flow channels between its heat transfer plates for the first fluid F1 and for the second fluid F2, i.e. the first fluid F1 flows between each second pair of heat transferring plates, while the second fluid F2 flows between each other, second pair of heat transferring plates. The tube-shaped reinforcing member 70 extends through the top cover 4, through the central holes 31 of the heat transfer plates 212, and through the lower cover 5. The central holes 31 of several heat transfer plates in the stack 20 together form a central space 24 in the stack 20, and through this central space 24 extends gain element 70. The first end of the amplification element 70 acts as a fluid inlet 6 for the first fluid F1, and the second end of the amplification element 70 acts as a fluid outlet 7 for the first fluid F1.

The reinforcement element 70 has a flow divider 142, which separates the amplification element 70 into a first section 43 and a second section 44. The flow divider 142 is in the form of a disk, which is in the middle of the tube, which forms the amplification element 70 and provides a seal between the two sections 43, 44. The first section 43 has openings 45 in the direction of each second intermediate space between the heat transfer plates for the first set 453 of heat transfer plates in the stack 20. The openings 45 of the first section 43 face the fluid inlets at the center lnyh holes 31 of the first set 453 of the heat transfer plates. The second section 44 has openings 46 in the direction of each second intermediate space between the heat transfer plates for the second set of heat transfer plates 463 in the stack 20. The openings 46 of the second section 43 address the fluid outlets at the central openings 31 of the second set of heat transfer plates 463.

The first fluid F1 enters the plate heat exchanger 104 at the fluid inlet 6, flows into the first section 43 and flows from the first section 43 through the openings 45 into each second intermediate space at the centers of the first set of heat transfer plates 453. Fluid F1 flows through the heat transfer plates and leaves the heat transfer plates at their peripheral edge, at cutouts 311, 312 in the plates. The cutouts 311, 312 form channels between the heat transfer plates and the housing 2. The first fluid F1 flows in these channels to a second set 463 of heat transfer plates, where it enters every second intermediate space between the heat transfer plates in the second set 463. The first fluid F1 enters the heat transfer plates at the cutouts 311, 312 in the plates, flow through the heat transfer plates and enter the second section 44 through the openings 46. After that, the first fluid F1 leaves the plate heat exchanger 104 through a 7 t outlet environment

The holes 45 in the first section 43 may be in the form of elongated through cavities in the reinforcing element 70 and are arranged in a symmetrical manner so as to distribute the first fluid F1 uniformly to the heat transfer plates. The holes 46 in the second section 44 are arranged in a similar manner. The reinforcing element 70 is welded to the covers 4, 5, which increases the ability of the plate heat exchanger 104 to withstand temperature changes and fluid pressure fluctuations.

As can be seen in FIG. 11, the plate heat exchanger 104 has two additional tubes 701, 702 that extend from the top cap 4 to the bottom cap 5. The first end of the first tube 701 forms an inlet 8 for the second fluid F2, and the second end of the first tube 701 is welded to the bottom cover 5. The first tube 701 is attached to the top cover 4 by welding along its periphery, where it passes through the top cover 4.

The first end of the second pipe 702 forms the outlet 9 for the second fluid F2, and the second end of the second pipe 702 is attached by welding to the lower cover 5. The second pipe 702 is attached to the upper cover 4 by welding along its periphery, where it passes through the upper cover 4. Thus, both tubes 701, 702 act as reinforcing elements for the plate heat exchanger 104.

The first tube 701 extends through a stack of plates 20 through the first sections 36 in the heat transfer plate 212, which sections act as fluid inlets 36 for the second fluid F2. The second tube 702 extends through the stack of plates 20 through the second sections 37 in the heat transfer plate 212, which sections act as fluid outlets 37 for the second fluid F2. The fluid inlets 36 are in the form of through cavities in the heat transfer plate 212 and act as inputs for the second fluid F2 in the sense that the second fluid F2 at the fluid inlets 36 enters the spaces between the heat transfer plates. The fluid outlets 37 are in the form of through cavities in the heat transfer plates 212 and act as outputs for the second fluid F2 in the sense that the second fluid F2, at the fluid outlet 37, exits the spaces between the heat transfer plates. The first tube 701 has one or more openings 703 that access the fluid inlets 36, and the second tube 702 has one or more openings 704 that access the fluid outlets 37.

The second fluid F2 enters the plate heat exchanger 104 at the fluid inlet 8, flows into the first pipe 701 and flows from the first pipe 701 through the opening 703 and into the fluid inlets 36 on each other, second intermediate space between the heat transfer plates. The second fluid F2 then flows through the heat transfer plates and to the fluid outlets 37, where it leaves the heat transfer plates entering the second pipe 702 through the hole 704. The second fluid F2 then flows into the second pipe 702, from where it exits through the fluid outlet 9 .

Turning to FIG. 13 and 14, a fifth embodiment of a plate heat exchanger 105 and one of its heat transfer plates 213 are illustrated. The plate heat exchanger 105 has a housing 2 that includes a cylindrical shell 3, an upper cover 4 and a lower cover 5 that are connected to each other. A plurality of heat transfer plates that are continuously connected to each other form a stack of plates 20, which is located inside the chamber 14 inside the housing 2. The stack 20 has alternating first and second flow channels between its heat transfer plates for the first fluid medium F1 and the second fluid medium F2, those. the first fluid F1 flows between each second pair of heat transferring plates, and the second fluid F2 flows between each other, second pair of heat transferring plates.

The reinforcing element 80 in the form of two tubes 81, 82 extends from the top cap 4 to the bottom cap 5. The first end of the first tube 81 forms a fluid inlet 6 for the first fluid F1, and the second end of the first tube 81 is welded to the bottom cap 5 The first tube 81 is attached to the top cap 4 by welding along its periphery, where it extends through the top cap 4. The first end of the second tube 82 forms a fluid outlet 7 for the first fluid F1, and the second end of the second tube 82 is welded to the lower roof ke 5. The second tube 82 is attached to the top cover 4 by welding along its periphery where it passes through the top cover 4. The gain element 80 in the form of tubes 81, 82 improves the ability of the plate heat exchanger 105 to withstand temperature changes, pressure fluctuations of fluid.

The first tube 81 extends through the stack of plates 20, through the first holes 31 in the heat transfer plate 213. The first holes 31 form the first space 24 in the stack of 20 plates. The second tube 82 extends through the stack of plates 20, through the second holes 131 in the heat transfer plate 213. The second holes 131 form a second space 124 in the stack of 20 plates. The arrangement of the first tube 81 and the second tube 82 corresponds to the arrangement of the first and second tubes 701, 702 in FIG. eleven.

The first fluid F1 enters the plate heat exchanger 105 at the fluid inlet 6, flows into the first pipe 81 and flows from the first pipe 81 through an opening 703 in the first pipe 81 and into the first holes 31 in the heat transfer plates, on each second intermediate space between the heat transfer plates . The first fluid F1 then flows through the heat transfer plates and toward the second holes 131 in the heat transfer plates, where it leaves the heat transfer plates entering the second pipe 82 through the second holes 131. The first fluid F1 flows into the second pipe 82 through the hole 704 in the second tube 82 and leaves the tube 82 through the outlet 7 of the fluid.

The flow of the second fluid F2 in the plate heat exchanger 105 is the same as the flow of the second fluid F2 of the plate heat exchanger 101 shown in FIG. 1, with the difference that the flow is reverse compared to the illustrated embodiment. In particular, the flow of the second fluid F2 through the plate heat exchanger 105 begins at the fluid inlet 8 in the middle of the cylindrical shell 3. The fluid enters the channel that is formed between the stack and the shell 3, due to cutouts 28 in the heat transfer plates 213. From this channel, the second the fluid F2 flows into each other, the second intermediate space in the stack 20 on the first sections of the heat transfer plates 213, which act as fluid inlets 36 for the second fluid F2. The second fluid F2 then flows through the heat transfer plates towards the second sections 37 of the heat transfer plates 213. The second sections act as fluid outlets 37 for the second fluid F2. The second fluid F2 then leaves the heat transfer plates 213 through the fluid outlets 37 and enters the channel that is formed between the stack 20 and the casing 3, due to cutouts 29 in the heat transfer plates 213. This channel is on the opposite side of the stack 20 compared to the channel, which formed by other cutouts 28. A second fluid F2 flows from the channel at cutouts 29 in the direction of fluid outlet 9, where it leaves the plate heat exchanger 105.

The flows of one or both fluids can be turned upside down for different embodiments of plate heat exchangers 101, 102, 103, 104, 105. In addition, various principles of fluid distribution can be used in any desired combination. For example, the amplification element 60 shown in FIG. 9 can be used in combination with the tubes 701, 702 shown in FIG. 11 or in combination with the amplification element 80 shown in FIG. 13.

The plate heat exchanger 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 is a high pressure plate heat exchanger. From the above it follows that the heat exchanger is designed to operate at high pressure. As a result, the heat exchanger can withstand high pressure. In the context of this document, high pressure means a pressure of at least 5 MPa. The housing 2 is a container designed for pressure. The shell 3, the upper cover 4 and the lower cover 5 form a container designed for pressure. Pressure-resistant tank withstands high pressure. The housing 2 is configured to withstand high pressure, namely a pressure of at least 5 MPa. The rigidity of the body is sufficient to withstand high pressure. The thickness of the shell 3, the upper cover 4 and the lower cover 5 is sufficient to withstand high pressure. In addition, the connection between the casing 3, the upper cover 4 and the lower cover 5, respectively, such as welding and / or a clamp / bolt connection between them, is strong enough to withstand high pressure. However, the reinforcing element 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 holds the upper and lower covers 4, 5 and prevents the upper and lower covers 4, 5 from bending when the housing is subjected to high pressure. As a result, the upper and lower covers 4, 5 can be made thinner than in a structure without a reinforcing element, since the upper and lower covers do not have to provide all the rigidity to reduce or prevent bending by themselves, but only with the help of the reinforcing element. Also, the stack of 20 plates is configured to withstand high pressure. The plate heat exchanger 101, 102, 103, 104, 105 is a plate and shell heat exchanger, which is a high pressure heat exchanger.

From the above description it follows that, although various embodiments of the present invention have been described and shown, the invention is not limited to this, but can also be implemented in other ways within the scope of the subject invention defined in the following claims.

Claims (19)

1. A high pressure plate heat exchanger containing a housing (2) that has a shell (3), an upper cover (4) and a lower cover (5) that are connected to form a chamber (14), a plurality of heat transfer plates (21-23), which are constantly connected to each other with the formation of a stack of plates (20), which is located inside the chamber (14), and has alternating first and second flow channels (11, 12) for the first fluid medium ( F1) and a second fluid (F2) between the heat transfer plates (21-23), heat transfer plates (21-23) having - holes (31) in the form of through cavities in heat transferring plates (21-23), moreover, holes (31) form a space (24) in the stack (20) of plates for the first fluid (F1) to flow through it, - first sections (36), which act as fluid inlets for the second fluid (F2), and second sections (37), which are opposite to the first sections (36), and act as fluid outlets for the second fluid (F2 ), wherein gain element (40, 50, 60, 70, 80) extends through holes (31) in heat transfer plates (21-23) from the top cover (4) to the bottom cover (5), and the element (40, 50, 60, 70 , 80) amplification is connected to each of the covers - with the top cover (4) and the bottom cover (5) to hold the covers (4, 5) when the plate heat exchanger is subjected to pressure from any of the fluids - the first fluid (F1) and a second fluid (F2), wherein the reinforcement element (50, 60, 70, 80) is welded to the upper cover (4) and to the lower cover (5), or the amplification element (50) contains elongated zhni that extend through the space (24) in the stack (20) plates and connected with the upper cover (4) and the lower cover (5). 2. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, comprising a flow separator (42, 142) located in space (24) in the stack (20) of plates, the flow separator (42, 142) comprising a first section (43), of which the first fluid (F1) can flow into the first fluid channel (11) in the stack (20) of plates, and the second section (44) into which the first fluid (F1) can flow from the first fluid channel (11) in the stack (20) plates. 3. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, in which the reinforcing element (60, 70) comprises a tube that extends through the space (24) in the stack (20) of plates and is connected to the upper cover (4) and to the lower cover (5). 4. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the gain element (40, 60, 70) comprises a flow splitter (42, 142) and is divided into a first section (43) from which the first fluid (F1) can flow into the first fluid passage (11) and to a second section (44) into which the first fluid (F1) can flow from the first fluid path (11). 5. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the first section (43) of the flow separator (42) addresses the fluid inlets (34) at the holes (31) of the heat transfer plate set in the stack (20), and the second section (44) of the flow separator (42) to the outlets (35) of the fluid at the holes (31) of the same set of heat transfer plates in the stack (20). 6. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the first section (43) of the flow separator (142) addresses the fluid inlets at the openings (31) of the first set (453) of heat transfer plates in the stack (20), and the second section (44) of the flow separator (142) refers to fluid outlets at openings (31) of a second set (463) of heat transfer plates in a stack (20). 7. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, in which the holes (31) in the heat transfer plates (21-23), which form the space (24) in the stack (20) of plates, represent the first set of holes (31), while the heat transfer plates (21-23) have a second set of holes (131) that form a second space (124) in the stack (20) of plates. 8. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 7, in which the reinforcing element (80) is a first tube (81) that extends through a first set of holes (31), and a second tube (82) that extends through a second set of holes (131) moreover, each of the tubes (81, 82) is connected with the upper cover (4) and the lower cover (5). 9. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3 and 8, wherein the reinforcing element (60, 70, 80) comprises an elongated hole (45, 703) that acts as a fluid outlet from the reinforcing element (60, 70, 80) to allow the first fluid ( F1) flow into the intermediate spaces between the heat transfer plates (21-23). 10. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3 and 8, in which the plate heat exchanger is configured to withstand a pressure of at least 5 MPa. 11. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3 and 8, in which the housing (2) is a container designed for pressure. 12. The plate heat exchanger according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3 and 9, in which the housing (2) is configured to withstand a pressure of at least 5 MPa.

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