JP2018536836A - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

  A casing (2) having a shell (3), an upper cover (4), and a bottom cover (5), wherein the shell (3), the upper cover (4) and the bottom cover (5) are coupled to each other A high pressure plate heat exchanger comprising a casing (2) forming a (14) and a stack (20) of heat transfer plates disposed in the enclosure (14), wherein the heat transfer plate comprises: An opening in the form of a through hole in the heat transfer plate, the opening forming a space (24) in the plate laminate (20) through which the first fluid (F1) flows, and a reinforcing element (50 ) Extends through the openings of the heat transfer plate, and the plate heat exchanger is either the first fluid (F1) or the second fluid (F2) flowing through the plate heat exchanger Pressure from For supporting said cover (4, 5) when exposed to, the upper cover (4) and pressure plate heat exchanger, characterized in that connected to each of said bottom cover (5).

Description

  The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger in which a shell-shaped casing, an upper cover, and a bottom cover are combined to form an enclosure, and a stack of heat transfer plates is disposed therein. The heat transfer plate has an opening in the shape of a through hole in the heat transfer plate, and the opening forms a space in the plate laminate through which the first fluid flows. The plate has a first compartment that functions as a fluid inlet for a second fluid and a second compartment that functions as a fluid outlet for the second fluid opposite the first compartment.

  There are various different types of plate heat exchangers today, and they are used in various applications depending on the type. Some types of plate heat exchangers are assembled from a casing that forms a sealed enclosure with heat transfer plates coupled therein. The heat transfer plate forms a stacked body of heat transfer plates, and in the stacked body, alternate first and second flow paths for the first fluid and the second fluid are provided between the heat transfer plates. Is formed.

  One type of plate heat exchanger has one or more openings (ports) in the shape of through holes in the heat transfer plate. The fluid flows into the opening directly or through an extended pipe structure. The fluid typically enters from the inlet portion of the heat transfer plate opening, flows across the plate, and leaves the plate from the outlet portion of the same or different opening. The outlet portion is disposed on the heat transfer plate so as to face the inlet portion.

  The second fluid often enters the heat transfer plate from the inlet portion around the plate, flows across the plate, leaves the plate from the outlet portion around the plate, ie, the outlet portion facing the inlet. To go. In some types of plate heat exchangers, the second fluid enters the heat transfer plate through an additional opening in the heat transfer plate and leaves the plate.

  As is apparent, the first fluid inlet and outlet are located between every other pair of plates, and the second fluid inlet and outlet are every other pair. Located between the plates. Therefore, the first and second fluids flow between every other pair of heat transfer plates on the other side of the heat transfer plate on each side. A pair of plates having a first fluid inlet and outlet are typically sealed together along all edges except where an opening for the first fluid is located. The plates of the pair of plates having the second fluid inlet and outlet are sealed together along all edges except where an opening for the second fluid is located.

  Thus, the sealed heat transfer plates are coupled together, and the heat transfer plates are sometimes referred to as plate packs or stacks of heat transfer plates. The laminate of heat transfer plates has a substantially cylindrical shape and has one or more internal through holes. The laminate of heat transfer plates may be fully welded so that the rubber gasket between the heat transfer plates can be omitted. This makes the heat exchanger suitable for operation with a wide range of high temperature and high pressure fluids that are highly aggressive.

If the heat transfer plate is surrounded by a casing, the plate heat exchanger can withstand high levels of pressure compared to many other types of plate heat exchangers. Furthermore, the plate heat exchanger with the casing is small, has good heat transfer characteristics and can withstand harsh operating conditions without being destroyed.

  During heat exchanger maintenance, the heat transfer plate stack can be accessed and cleaned, for example, by removing the top or bottom cover of the shell, or water wash of the heat transfer plate stack with detergent. . Further, it is possible to replace the heat transfer plate laminate with a new laminate different from the same or previous laminate as long as it can be appropriately arranged inside the shell.

  In general, plate heat exchangers are not only suitable for use as conventional heat exchangers, but are also suitable for use as condensers and reboilers. In the latter two cases, the shell can have additional inlet / outlet for condensate, which may eliminate the need for a dedicated separation unit.

  As described above, the plate heat exchanger in which the casing and the plate laminate are disposed has both advantages and characteristics specific to the type. Several embodiments of such a heat exchanger are disclosed, for example, in the patent document EP-A-2002193A1. Compared to some other types of plate heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers with casings are of a compact design and can withstand high pressure levels. However, such a heat exchanger is considered to have room for improvement in terms of ability to cope with internal stress due to temperature changes and fluid pressure variations that occur during operation of the heat exchanger.

European Patent Application No. 200000213

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a plate heat exchanger having a casing with improved durability. In particular, it aims to improve the ability of the plate heat exchanger to be more resistant to temperature variations and fluid pressure fluctuations.

  In order to solve the above problems, a plate heat exchanger is provided. The plate heat exchanger is a high pressure heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger includes a casing having a shell, a top cover, and a bottom cover, and the shell, the top cover, and the bottom cover are combined to form an enclosure. A plurality of heat transfer plates are permanently coupled together to form a plate stack, the plate stack being disposed in the enclosure and staggered for the first fluid and the second fluid The first flow path and the second flow path are provided between the heat transfer plates. The heat transfer plate is an opening in the shape of a through hole in the heat transfer plate, and functions as the opening that forms a space in the plate stack through which the first fluid flows and the fluid inlet of the second fluid. A first compartment and a second compartment that functions as a fluid outlet for the second fluid opposite the first compartment. A reinforcing element extends from the top cover to the bottom cover through the opening in the heat transfer plate, and the reinforcing element is configured so that the plate heat exchanger can be either the first fluid or the second fluid. Connected to each of the top cover and the bottom cover to support the cover when subjected to pressure from the top. The reinforcing element prevents the top cover and the bottom cover from being bent. Instead of or in addition to the provision that the plate heat exchanger is a high pressure heat exchanger, it may be specified that the plate heat exchanger can withstand a pressure of at least 5 MPa.

  The provided plate heat exchanger is advantageous in that it has a high ability to withstand temperature variations and fluid pressure fluctuations. Furthermore, relatively little material is required for the shell to achieve the desired durability and mechanical strength for the plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger may further have a plurality of additional features as described below. These additional points, alone or in combination, contribute to the ability of the plate heat exchanger to effectively withstand temperature variations and fluid pressure fluctuations, while still allowing a relatively small material shell to be used.

  Still other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the present invention appear in the following detailed description and drawings.

  Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

1 is a cross-sectional plan view of the reinforced plate heat exchanger taken along line BB in FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1 taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the flow divider disposed in the heat exchanger of FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view of the shunt of FIG. FIG. 5 is a main plan view of a heat transfer plate that can form the plate stack of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1 together with a similar heat transfer plate. FIG. 6 is a main side cross-sectional view of four heat transfer plates of the type shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan sectional view of a reinforced plate heat exchanger according to the second embodiment. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 7 along the line CC in FIG. FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of a reinforced plate heat exchanger of the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view of a reinforced plate heat exchanger of the fourth embodiment. 11 is a side sectional view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 12 is a main plan view of a heat transfer plate that can be used in the heat exchanger of FIG. FIG. 13 is a side cross-sectional view of a reinforced plate heat exchanger of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 14 is a main plan view of a heat transfer plate that can be used in the heat exchanger of FIG.

  The plate heat exchanger 101 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The plate heat exchanger 101 includes a casing 2 having a cylindrical shell 3, an upper cover 4 and a bottom cover 5. The upper cover 4 has a disk shape, and the periphery of the upper cover 4 is attached to the upper edge of the cylindrical shell 3. The bottom cover 5 has a disk shape, and the periphery of the bottom cover 5 is attached to the lower edge of the cylindrical shell 3. The covers 4, 5 are described in the embodiment welded to the cylindrical shell 3. In another embodiment, the covers 4 and 5 are attached to the cylindrical shell 3 via bolts that restrain the flange (not shown) of the cylindrical shell and the covers 4 and 5. The plurality of heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 that are permanently connected to each other form a plate stack 20 that is arranged in the enclosure 14 in the casing 2. The laminated body 20 has alternate first and second flow paths 11 and 12 for the first fluid F1 and the second fluid F2 between the heat transfer plates 21, 22, and 23, for example, The first fluid F1 flows between every other pair of heat transfer plates.

  The upper cover 4 has a fluid inlet 6 for the first fluid F1 that passes through the heat exchanger 101 via the first flow path 11. This fluid inlet 6 is referred to as the first fluid inlet 6. The bottom cover 5 has a fluid outlet 7 for the first fluid F1 that passes through the heat exchanger 101 via the first flow path 11. This fluid outlet 7 is referred to as a first fluid outlet 7. The first fluid inlet 6 is located at the center of the top cover 4, and the first fluid outlet 7 is located at the center of the bottom cover 5. The first fluid inlet 6 and the first fluid outlet 7 are located opposite to each other in the casing 2.

  The cylindrical shell 3 has a fluid inlet 8 for the second fluid F2 that passes through the heat exchanger 101 via the second flow path 12. This fluid inlet 8 is referred to as a second fluid inlet 8. The cylindrical shell 3 also has a fluid outlet 9 for the second fluid F2 that passes through the heat exchanger 101 via the second flow path 12. This fluid outlet 9 is referred to as a second fluid outlet 9. The second fluid inlet 8 is located on the side surface of the cylindrical shell 3 between the upper edge of the cylindrical shell 3 and the lower edge of the cylindrical shell 3. The second fluid outlet 9 is located on the side of the cylindrical shell 3 facing the second fluid inlet 8 between the upper edge of the cylindrical shell 3 and the lower edge of the cylindrical shell 3. Yes.

  The casing 2 is, for example, in the described embodiment, a cylindrical shell 3, a top cover 4 and a bottom cover 5 forming an enclosure 14 or an interior space 14 in which a heat transfer plate is laminated. A body 20 is arranged. The heat transfer plates in the laminate 20 such as the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 are arranged between the heat transfer plates as first and second flow paths in which the first and second flow paths 11, 12 are alternate. For flow, they are permanently connected to each other and sealed in an enclosed enclosure. The heat transfer plate of each laminate 20 has a central opening 31. The central openings 31 of several heat transfer plates of the laminate 20 together form a central space 24 of the laminate 20.

  Still referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a fluid separation device 40 is inserted into the central space 24 of the stack 20. The separation device 40 has the shape of a cylinder 41 that fits the central opening 31 of the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 of the laminate 20. The height of the separation device 40 is the same as the height of the central space 24 of the stacked body 20. The flow divider 42 extends obliquely from the upper part of the cylinder 41 to the lower part of the cylinder 41, and separates the inside of the cylinder 41 into a first cylindrical section 43 and a second cylindrical section 44. The flow divider 42 separates the first cylindrical section 43 from the second cylindrical section 44 so that fluid does not flow directly between the sections 43, 44 (if there is a leak, it is different). Instead, the flow of fluid from the first cylindrical section 43 to the second cylindrical section 44 passes through the heat transfer plate in the laminate 20.

  The separation device 40 has a first opening 45 in the first cylindrical section 43 and a second opening 46 in the second cylindrical section 44. The first opening 45 is disposed opposite to the second opening 46, and the flow divider 42 is disposed symmetrically between the openings 45 and 46.

  Referring to FIG. 5, one heat transfer plate 21 used for the laminate 20 is shown. The heat transfer plate 21 has a central opening 31 and a plurality of rows 32, 33 with staggered ridges and grooves. A flat section 38 separates the rows 32, 33 from each other. The central opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 forms a central space 24 in the plate laminate 20 together with the central openings of the other heat transfer plates in the laminate 20, and the fluid separation device 40 is disposed therein. The The first portion 34 of the central opening 31 functions as a fluid inlet 34 for the first fluid F1, and the second portion 35 of the central opening 31 is a fluid outlet 35 for the first fluid F1. Function as. The inflow port 34 allows the first fluid F1 to flow into the space between every other heat transfer plate, and the outflow port 35 allows the fluid to flow out from the same space between every other heat transfer plate. When viewed from the other side of the center C of the heat transfer plate 21, the outlet 35 is located opposite to the inlet 34. The heat transfer plate 21 also has a first side 36 or first compartment 36 that serves as a fluid inlet 36 for the second fluid F2, and a first outlet 36 that serves as a fluid outlet 37 for the second fluid F2. 2 side 37, or second section 37. The fluid outlet 37 is disposed to face the fluid inlet 36. All the heat transfer plates of the laminate 20 have the shape of the heat transfer plate 21 shown in FIG. 5, and every other heat transfer plate passes through the center C of the heat transfer plate along the surface of the heat transfer plate. It may be rotated 180 degrees with respect to the extending axis A1.

  With further reference to FIG. 6, a main view of the heat transfer plates 21, 22, and 23 is shown. Along with this, a further heat transfer plate is also shown. The perimeter 39 of the heat transfer plate 21 is coupled to the corresponding upper heat transfer plate 22 over its entire length. The plates 22 and 23 have center planes P2 and P3 parallel to the center plane P1 of the plate 21. The gap between the plates 21 and 22 forms part of the first flow path 11 for the first fluid F1. The center plane P1 extends through the heat transfer plate 21 in parallel with the upper surface (shown in FIG. 5) of the heat transfer plate 21 and the bottom surface of the heat transfer plate 21.

  The central opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 can be combined with a similar central opening of the upper heat transfer plate 22 except for the opening section where the fluid inlet 34 and fluid outlet 35 are located. The inlet 34 and outlet 35 are each defined by an angle α (the angle α is shown only at the outlet 35). The inflow port and the outflow ports 34 and 35 are arranged symmetrically facing each other. Optionally, the plates 22, 23 are not connected to these central openings 31. The openings 45, 46 of the separation device 40 then restrict the flow of the first fluid F1 so that fluid enters and exits the plate at the fluid inlet 34 and fluid outlet 35. The openings 45 and 46 of the separation device 40 define a range of the respective angles α.

  The central opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 is coupled to the central opening of the corresponding lower heat transfer plate 23 over its entire length. The gap between the plates 21 and 23 forms part of the second flow path 12 for the second fluid F2.

  A part of the heat transfer plate 21 may be coupled to the lower heat transfer plate 23 around the heat transfer plate 21. For example, a part of the periphery 39 of the heat transfer plate 21 may be coupled to the periphery of the lower heat transfer plate 23. The fluid inlet 36 and fluid outlet 37 at the periphery 39 of the plate are not connected to the underlying heat transfer plate 23. Uncoupled portions, such as fluid inlet 36 and fluid outlet 37, are each defined as an angle β. The portions 36 and 37 are symmetrical and are arranged to face each other so as to function as a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet of the second fluid F2. It is not necessary to couple the heat transfer plates 21 and 23 around them. In this case, the first side 36 still functions as the fluid inlet 36 for the second fluid F2, and the second side 37 still functions as the fluid outlet 37 for the second fluid F2. A gasket may be arranged to prevent the second fluid F2 from entering and exiting the plate from locations other than the inlet 36 and outlet 37.

  In order to prevent the excessive second fluid F2 from passing through the plate laminate 20 by flowing into a gap that may be generated between the cylindrical shell 3 and the plate laminate 20, for example, a gasket or other bypass breaker (Not shown) may be disposed between the cylindrical shell 3 and the plate laminate 20. Of course, these gaskets and barriers are located outside the fluid inlet 36 and the fluid outlet 37.

  The coupling of the heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 is typically realized by welding. The heat transfer plate 21 may have a central edge 52 that is bent and joined towards the corresponding bent central edge of the adjacent heat transfer plate 23 below. The heat transfer plate 21 may also have a peripheral edge 51 that is bent and joined towards the corresponding bent peripheral edge of the other adjacent heat transfer plate 22 above.

The heat transfer plates 21, 22, 23 can be joined to each other at their folded edges. Sealed locations are located between the separation device 40 and the heat transfer plates such as plates 21 and 22 and are sealed along these central openings 31 at all locations except the inlet 34 and outlet 35.

  Returning to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the flow beyond the heat transfer plate will be described. The first fluid flow follows a path labeled “F1”. By means of the separation device 40 and its flow divider 42, the flow of the first fluid F 1 passes through the first fluid inlet 6, enters the first cylindrical compartment 43, flows out of the first opening 45 of the separation device 40, It flows into the inlet 34 of the first plate of the heat transfer plate 21 of the laminate 20. The first fluid F1 then flows across the heat transfer plate and “rotates” as shown in the path F1 of FIG. 1 and passes through the first plate outlet 35 of the heat transfer plate 21 of the laminate 20. Then, it leaves the heat transfer plate and flows into the second cylindrical section 44 via the second opening 46. From the second cylindrical section 44, the first fluid F1 flows into the first fluid outlet 7 where it leaves the heat exchanger 101.

  It will be appreciated that the first section 43 of the flow divider 40 faces the fluid inlet 34 at the central opening 31 of the set (s) of heat transfer plates of the stack 20, and The second section 44 of 42 faces the fluid outlet 35 at the central opening 31 of the same set of heat transfer plates of the stack.

  The second fluid flow follows a path labeled "F2". The flow of the second fluid F <b> 2 passes through the second fluid inlet 8 and flows into the inlet 36 of the second plate of the heat transfer plate 21 in the stacked body 20. To facilitate the distribution of fluid to all second plate inlets 36, heat exchanger 101 is formed as a channel between shell 3 and plate stack 20 at second fluid inlet 8. A distributor is provided. This distributor, or channel, has a notch 28 in the heat transfer plate 21, creating a space between the heat transfer plate 21 and the shell 3 at the inlet 8. Similarly, a collector having the same shape as the distributor may be disposed at the second fluid outlet 9. The collector is formed as a channel between the shell 3 and the plate stack 20, and a notch 29 is arranged on the heat transfer plate 21, and a space is created between the heat transfer plate 21 and the shell 3 at the outlet 9. Yes. A first side 36 or fluid inlet 36 of the heat transfer plate 21 is formed in the notch 28, and a second side 37 or fluid outlet 37 is formed in the notch 29.

  As the second fluid F2 flows into the plate inlet 36, it flows across the plates of the stack 20 and leaves the heat transfer plate of the stack 20 via the outlet 37 as in the path F2 of FIG. And leave the heat exchanger 101 via the second fluid outlet 9.

  The separation device 40 is welded to the upper cover 4 at its upper end and is welded to the bottom cover 5 at its lower end. Typically, the cylinder 41 is welded to the upper cover 4 at its upper peripheral edge and welded to the bottom cover 5 at its lower end edge. The separation device 40 extends from the top cover 4 to the bottom cover 5 through the opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 21-23, and functions as the reinforcing element 40. As a result, the separation device 40 in the form of a reinforcing element 40 supports the covers 4, 5 when the plate heat exchanger receives pressure from either the first fluid and / or the second fluid. . When the reinforcing element 40 takes the form of a separation device, it comprises a shunt 42 and separates into a first compartment 43 and a second compartment 44.

  Turning to FIGS. 7 and 8, an embodiment of the second plate heat exchanger 102 will be described. The plate heat exchanger 102 is similar to the plate heat exchanger 101 described with reference to FIG. 1 and includes a casing 2 having a cylindrical shell 3, a top cover 4, and a bottom cover 5. A fluid separation device 40 having a flow divider 42 is disposed in the space 24 in the stack 20 of heat transfer plates disposed in the enclosure 14. The plate heat exchanger 102 of FIGS. 7 and 8 differs from the plate heat exchanger 101 of FIG. 1 in that it has a reinforcing element 50 that extends from the top cover 4 to the bottom cover 5 through the opening 31 of the heat transfer plate. Different. The reinforcing element 50 is connected to each of the top cover 4 and the bottom cover 5. The reinforcing element 50 has a long bar shape extending through the space 24 of the plate laminate 20 and is connected to the top cover 4 and the bottom cover 5. In the embodiment shown, 16 bars are arranged symmetrically around the fluid separation device 40. The bar has a threaded end extending through the covers 4, 5 and a nut is disposed at the threaded end to secure the bar to the cover. The openings 45 and 46 of the fluid separation device 40 are directly connected to the fluid inlet and the fluid outlets 34 and 35 of the central opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 21 (see FIG. 5). This connection is realized by two flow guides 451, 461 extending from the openings 45, 46 of the fluid separation device 40 to the fluid inlets and fluid outlets 34, 35 of the heat transfer plate 21 of the laminate 20. The inlet and outlet for the second fluid F2 and the flow of the second fluid F2 are the same for the plate heat exchanger 102 of FIG. 7 as the plate heat exchanger 101 of FIG.

  Turning to FIG. 9, an embodiment of the third plate heat exchanger 103 will be described. The plate heat exchanger 103 is similar to the plate heat exchanger 101 described with reference to FIG. 1, and includes a casing 2 having a cylindrical shell 3, an upper cover 4, and a bottom cover 5. The plate heat exchanger 103 of FIG. 9 differs from the plate heat exchanger of FIG. 1 in that the fluid separation device 40 has the shape of a pipe 60 that extends through the covers 4, 5. The pipe 60 functions as a reinforcing element 60 and has a fluid inlet 6 and a fluid outlet 7 for the first fluid F1 at both ends. The reinforcing element 60 has a flow divider 42 and a first compartment 43 and a second compartment 44 similar to those of the fluid separation device 40 used in the plate heat exchanger 101 of FIG. The reinforcing element 60 has elongated openings 45, 46 facing the fluid inlet 34 and the fluid outlet 35 of the heat transfer plate 21. The reinforcing element 60 extends through the central space 24 of the laminate 20 and is welded to the covers 4 and 5 at the periphery. This improves the ability of the plate heat exchanger 103 to withstand temperature variations and fluid pressure fluctuations. The inlet and outlet and the flow of the second fluid F2 are the same as those of the plate heat exchanger 101 of FIG. 1 for the plate heat exchanger 103 of FIG.

  Turning to FIGS. 10, 11, and 12, one of the plate heat exchanger 104 and the heat transfer plate 212 of the fourth embodiment will be described. The plate heat exchanger 104 includes a casing 2 having a cylindrical shell 3, a top cover 4, and a bottom cover 5 that are coupled to each other. The plurality of heat transfer plates that are permanently connected to each other form a plate stack 20 that is disposed in the enclosure 14 in the casing 2. The laminated body 20 has alternate first and second flow paths 11 and 12 for the first fluid F1 and the second fluid F2 between the heat transfer plates, for example, the first fluid. F1 flows between every other pair of heat transfer plates, and the second fluid F2 flows between every other pair of heat transfer plates. The pipe-shaped reinforcing element 70 extends through the top cover 4, the central opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 212, and the bottom cover 5. The central openings 31 of several heat transfer plates of the laminate 20 together form a central space 24 of the laminate 20 through which the reinforcing elements 70 extend. The first end of the reinforcing element 70 functions as the fluid inlet 6 for the first fluid F1, and the second end of the reinforcing element 70 functions as the fluid outlet 7 for the first fluid F1. To do.

  The reinforcing element 70 has a shunt 142 that separates the reinforcing element 70 into a first compartment 43 and a second compartment 44. The shunt 142 has a disk shape and is located in the middle of the pipe forming the reinforcing element 70 and seals between the two compartments 43, 44. The first section 43 has, for the first set 453 of the heat transfer plates of the laminate 20, an opening 45 that faces the gap between every other heat transfer plate. The opening 45 of the first section 43 faces the fluid inlet at the central opening 31 of the first set 453 of heat transfer plates. The second section 44 has an opening 46 toward the gap between every other heat transfer plate for the second set 463 of heat transfer plates of the laminate 20. The opening 46 of the second compartment 44 faces the fluid inlet at the central opening 31 of the first set 463 of heat transfer plates.

  The first fluid F1 enters the plate heat exchanger 104 at the fluid inlet 6, flows into the first compartment 43, exits from the first compartment 43 via the opening 45, and is centered in the first set 453. Into the gap between every other heat transfer plate. The fluid F1 flows across the heat transfer plate and leaves the heat transfer plate at plate notches 311 and 312 at their periphery. The notches 311 and 312 form a channel between the heat transfer plate and the casing 2. The first fluid F1 flows in these channels toward the second set 463 of heat transfer plates, where it flows into the gaps between every other heat transfer plate in the second set 463. The first fluid F1 enters the heat transfer plate at the plate cutouts 311, 312, flows across the heat transfer plate, and enters the second compartment 44 via the opening 46. Thereafter, the first fluid F1 leaves the plate heat exchanger 104 via the fluid outlet 7.

  The openings 45 of the first compartment 43 may have the shape of elongated through holes in the reinforcing element 70 and are arranged symmetrically in order to evenly distribute the first fluid F1 of the heat transfer plate. Yes. The opening 46 of the second section 44 is similarly arranged. The reinforcing element 70 is welded to the covers 4, 5, thereby improving the ability of the plate heat exchanger 104 to withstand temperature variations and fluid pressure fluctuations.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the plate heat exchanger 104 has two more pipes 701 and 702 extending from the top cover 4 to the bottom cover 5. The first end of the first pipe 701 forms an inlet 8 for the second fluid F2, and the second end of the first pipe 701 is attached to the bottom cover 5 by welding. It has been. The first pipe 701 is attached to the upper cover 4 by welding at a portion extending along the periphery of the first pipe 701 and passing through the upper cover 4.

  The first end of the second pipe 702 forms an outlet 9 for the second fluid F2, and the second end of the second pipe 702 is attached to the bottom cover 5 by welding. It has been. The second pipe 702 is attached to the upper cover 4 by welding at a location extending along the periphery of the second pipe 702 and passing through the upper cover 4. Therefore, both pipes 701 and 702 function as reinforcing elements for the plate heat exchanger 104.

  The first pipe 701 extends through the plate stack 20 via the first section 36 of the heat transfer plate 212 that functions as the fluid inlet 36 for the second fluid F2. The second pipe 702 extends through the plate stack 20 and through the first section 37 of the heat transfer plate 212 that functions as a fluid outlet 37 for the second fluid F2. The fluid inlet 36 has the shape of a through hole in the heat transfer plate 212, and the fluid for the second fluid F2 in the sense that the second fluid F2 enters the gap between the heat transfer plates at the fluid inlet 36. It functions as the inlet 36. The fluid outlet 37 has the shape of a through hole in the heat transfer plate 212, and the fluid for the second fluid F2 in the sense that the second fluid F2 exits from the gap between the heat transfer plates at the fluid outlet 37. It functions as the outlet 37. The first pipe 701 has an opening 703 that faces one or more fluid inlets 36, and the second pipe 702 has an opening 704 that faces one or more fluid outlets 37.

  The second fluid F2 enters the plate heat exchanger 104 at the fluid inlet 8, flows into the first pipe 701, flows out from the first pipe 701 via the opening 703, and every other heat transfer plate. Flows into the fluid inlet 36 through the gap between the two. The second fluid F2 then flows across the heat transfer plate and toward the fluid outlet 37 where it leaves the heat transfer plate by entering the second pipe 702 via the opening 704. The second fluid F2 then flows into the second pipe 702 where it leaves via the fluid outlet 9.

  Turning to FIGS. 13 and 14, one of the plate heat exchanger 105 and the heat transfer plate 212 of the fifth embodiment will be described. The plate heat exchanger 105 includes a casing 2 having a cylindrical shell 3, a top cover 4, and a bottom cover 5 that are coupled to each other. The plurality of heat transfer plates that are permanently connected to each other form a plate stack 20 that is disposed in the enclosure 14 in the casing 2. The laminated body 20 has alternate first and second flow paths 11 and 12 for the first fluid F1 and the second fluid F2 between the heat transfer plates, for example, the first fluid. F1 flows between every other pair of heat transfer plates, and the second fluid F2 flows between every other pair of other heat transfer plates.

  A reinforcing element 80 in the form of two pipes 81, 82 extends from the top cover 4 to the bottom cover 5. The first end of the first pipe 81 forms a fluid inlet 6 for the first fluid F1, and the second end of the first pipe 81 is attached to the bottom cover 5 by welding. It has been. The first pipe 701 is attached to the upper cover 4 by welding at a portion extending along the periphery of the first pipe 701 and passing through the upper cover 4. The first end of the second pipe 82 forms an outlet 7 for the first fluid F1, and the second end of the second pipe 82 is attached to the bottom cover 5 by welding. It has been. The second pipe 82 is attached to the upper cover 4 by welding at a location extending through the upper cover 4 along the periphery thereof. The reinforcing element 80 in the form of two pipes 81, 82 can improve the ability of the plate heat exchanger 105 to withstand temperature variations and fluid pressure variations.

  The first pipe 81 passes through the plate laminate 20 and extends through the first opening 31 of the heat transfer plate 213. The first opening 31 forms a first space 24 in the plate laminate 20. The second pipe 82 passes through the plate laminate 20 and extends through the second opening 131 of the heat transfer plate 213. The second opening 131 forms a second space 124 in the plate stack 20. The arrangement of the first pipe 81 and the second pipe 82 corresponds to the arrangement of the first and second pipes 701 and 702 in FIG.

  The first fluid F1 enters the plate heat exchanger 105 at the fluid inlet 6, flows into the first pipe 81, flows out from the first pipe 81 via the opening 703 of the first pipe 81, and It flows into the first opening 31 of the heat transfer plate through a gap between every other heat transfer plate. The first fluid F1 then flows across the heat transfer plate and heads toward the second opening 131 of the heat transfer plate where it enters the second pipe 82 via the second opening 131. Leave the plate. The first fluid F1 flows into the second pipe 82 via the opening 704 of the second pipe 82, where it leaves the pipe 82 via the fluid outlet 7.

  The flow of the second fluid F2 in the plate heat exchanger 105 is the same as the flow of the second fluid F2 of the plate heat exchanger 101 in FIG. 1, but the flow is reversed in comparison with the illustrated embodiment. Is different. Specifically, the flow of the second fluid F2 through the plate heat exchanger 105 begins at the fluid inlet 8 in the middle of the cylindrical shell 3. The fluid enters a channel formed between the laminate and the shell 3 by a notch 28 in the heat transfer plate 213. From this channel, the second fluid F2 flows into every other gap in the stack 20 in the first section of the heat transfer plate 213 which functions as the fluid inlet 36 for the second fluid F2. The second fluid F <b> 2 then flows across the heat transfer plate and toward the second section 37 of the heat transfer plate 213. The second compartment functions as a fluid outlet 37 for the second fluid F2. The second fluid F2 then leaves the heat transfer plate 213 via the fluid outlet 37 and enters a channel formed between the laminate 20 and the shell 3 by the notch 29 of the heat transfer plate 213. This channel is located on the opposite side of the stack 20 compared to the channel formed by the other notches 28. The second fluid F2 enters from the channel at the notch 29 and goes to the fluid outlet 9 where it leaves the plate heat exchanger 105.

  One or both fluid flows are reversed in the plate heat exchangers of the different embodiments 101, 102, 103, 104, 105. Furthermore, different types of fluid distribution may be used in any desired combination. For example, the reinforcing element 60 in FIG. 9 may be used in combination with the pipes 701 and 702 in FIG. 11 or in combination with the reinforcing element 80 in FIG.

  The plate heat exchangers 101, 102, 103, 104, and 105 are high-pressure plate heat exchangers. This means that the heat exchanger is designed for operation at high pressure. Therefore, the heat exchanger can withstand high pressure. As used herein, high pressure means at least 5 MPa. The casing 2 is a pressure vessel. The shell 3, the top cover 4 and the bottom cover 5 form a pressure vessel. The pressure vessel withstands high pressure. The casing 2 is configured to withstand high pressure, that is, it refers to a pressure of at least 5 MPa. The rigidity of the casing is sufficient to withstand high pressures. The thickness of shell 3, top cover 4 and bottom cover 5 is sufficient to withstand high pressures. Also, the connection between each of the shell 3, the top cover 4 and the bottom cover 5, such as a weld and / or clamp / bolt connection, is strong enough to withstand high pressures. However, the reinforcing elements 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 support the top and bottom covers 4, 5 when the casing is exposed to high pressure and prevent the top and bottom covers 4, 5 from deflecting. Thereby, the covers 4 and 5 can be made thinner compared with the design without a reinforcement element. This is because the top and bottom covers are assisted by the reinforcing elements and therefore do not need to have all the rigidity to reduce or prevent their own deflection. In addition, the plate laminate 20 is configured to withstand high pressure. The plate heat exchangers 101, 102, 103, 104, and 105 are plate and shell heat exchangers and are high pressure heat exchangers.

  In addition to the above description, various embodiments of the invention have been shown, but the invention is not limited thereto and other embodiments may be practiced within the scope of the subject matter defined in the claims below. .

2 Casing 3 Shell 4 Top cover 5 Bottom cover 6 Fluid inlet 7 Fluid outlet 8 Fluid inlet 9 Fluid outlet 14 Enclosure 20 Laminate 21 Plate 24 Space 35 Fluid outlet 36 Fluid inlet 37 Fluid outlet 39 Perimeter 40 Fluid separation device (reinforcing element)
41 Cylinder 42 Shunt 43 First compartment 44 Second compartment 45 Opening 46 Opening 50 Reinforcing element 60 Reinforcing element 70 Reinforcing element 80 Reinforcing element 81 Pipe 82 Pipe 101 Plate heat exchanger 102 Plate heat exchanger 103 Plate heat exchanger 104 plate heat exchanger 105 plate heat exchanger 142 flow divider 212 heat transfer plate 213 heat transfer plate 451 flow guide 461 flow guide 701 pipe 702 pipe 703 opening 704 opening

Claims (14)

A casing (2) having a shell (3), an upper cover (4), and a bottom cover (5), wherein the shell (3), the upper cover (4) and the bottom cover (5) are coupled to each other A casing (2) forming (14);
A plurality of heat transfer plates (21-23) permanently joined together to form a plate stack (20), wherein the plate stack (20) is disposed in the enclosure (14); And a plurality of alternating first and second channels for the first fluid (F1) and the second fluid (F2) between the heat transfer plates (21-23). A heat transfer plate (21-23);
In a high pressure plate heat exchanger comprising
The heat transfer plate (21-23)
An opening (31) in the shape of a through hole in the heat transfer plate (21-23), which forms a space (24) in the plate laminate (20) through which the first fluid (F1) flows. An opening (31);
A first compartment (36) that functions as a fluid inlet for the second fluid (F2) and a second compartment that functions as a fluid outlet for the second fluid (F2) relative to the first compartment. And having
A reinforcing element (40, 50, 60, 70, 80) extends from the top cover (4) to the bottom cover (5) through the opening (31) of the heat transfer plate (21-23). The reinforcing element (40, 50, 60, 70, 80) when the plate heat exchanger receives pressure from either the first fluid (F1) or the second fluid (F2). A plate heat exchanger connected to each of the upper cover (4) and the bottom cover (5) to support the upper cover (4) and the bottom cover (5).   The plate heat exchanger comprises a flow divider (42, 142) located in the space (24) of the plate stack (20), the flow divider (42, 142) comprising a first compartment (43) and A first compartment (44), and the first fluid (F1) flows from the first compartment (43) into the first flow path (11) of the plate laminate (20). The first fluid (F1) can flow from the first flow path (11) of the plate stack (20) into the second compartment (44). Plate heat exchanger as described in.   The reinforcing element (50) extends through the space (24) of the plate laminate (20) and is connected to the top cover (4) and the bottom cover (5). The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 and 2, comprising a bar.   The reinforcing elements (60, 70) extend through the space (24) of the plate stack (20) and are connected to the top cover (4) and the bottom cover (5). The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a pipe.   The reinforcing element (40, 60, 70) includes the flow divider (42, 142) and is divided into the first section (43) and the second section (44). One fluid (F1) can flow into the first flow path (11) of the plate laminate (20) from the first section (43), and the first fluid (F1) 5. The plate stack (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it can flow into the second compartment (44) from the first flow path (11). Plate heat exchanger.   The first section (43) of the flow divider (42) faces the fluid inlet (34) at the opening (31) of a set of heat transfer plates in the stack (20), and the flow divider ( The second compartment (44) of 42) faces the fluid outlet (35) at the opening (31) of the same set of heat transfer plates as the set of laminates (20). The plate heat exchanger as described in any one of 1-5.   The first section (43) of the flow divider (142) faces the fluid inlet at the opening (31) of the heat transfer plate of the first set (453) in the laminate (20), and The second section (44) of the vessel (142) faces the fluid outlet at the opening (31) of the heat transfer plate of the second set (463) in the laminate (20). The plate heat exchanger as described in any one of 1-5.   The opening (31) in the heat transfer plate (21-23) forming the space (24) in the plate laminate (20) includes a first set of openings (31), and the heat transfer plate ( 21-23) The plate according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein 21-23) has a second set of openings (131) forming a second space (124) in the plate stack (20). Heat exchanger.   The reinforcing element (80) includes a first pipe (81) extending through the first set of openings (31) and a second pipe extending through the second set of openings (131). Two pipes (82), and each of the first pipe (81) and the second pipe (82) is connected to the upper cover (4) and the bottom cover (5). The plate heat exchanger according to claim 8.   The plate heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reinforcing elements (50, 60, 70, 80) are welded to the top cover (4) and the bottom cover (5). .   The reinforcing element (60, 70, 80) is configured to allow the first fluid (F1) to flow into the gap between the heat transfer plates (21-23). 11. A plate heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising an elongated opening (45, 703) that functions as a fluid outlet from.   The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the plate heat exchange is configured to withstand a pressure of at least 5 MPa.   The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the casing (2) is a pressure vessel.   The plate heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the casing (2) is configured to withstand a pressure of at least 5 MPa.

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