RU2691129C1 - All-round radar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radar ranging, in particular, to radar stations of all-round view for detecting and determining the location of moving targets in the ultra-short wave range of electromagnetic waves (EMW), and can be used in air traffic control systems (ATC). Radar stations of all-round view has transmitting antenna-feeder device (TAFD), receiving antenna-feeder device (RAFD) of meter range, EMW, made with independent electronic scanning of airspace for transmission and reception. TAFD is connected by one high-frequency coaxial cable (SC) through the amplified probing signals with the power amplification device (PAD) of the probing signals. RAFD based on the reflected signals and radio interference signals is connected by another high-frequency SC with a multichannel receiving device installed in the radar stations hardware cabin. TAFD comprises flat reflectors installed vertically around the axis of the stationary non-rotating mast. Between two adjacent planes of reflectors two tier loop horizontal polarization dipoles are installed. RAS of the AFD comprises four identical tiers crossed in a horizontal plane of three half-wave horizontal polarization dipoles placed on a stationary vertical non-rotating mast.EFFECT: technical result is reduction of weight and size characteristics of antenna system, increase of its reliability and service life without reduction of resolution of radar stations on range and azimuth for detection of aircrafts.1 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The field of technology.

The invention relates to radar, in particular to radar stations of circular vision for detecting and determining the location of moving targets in the ultrashortwave range of electromagnetic waves, and can be used in air traffic control systems (ATC).

The level of technology.

Known radar stations (radar) circular view / US 9620866, RU 2624736, CN 104200112 /, based on simultaneous and omnidirectional (in the azimuth plane) review of the airspace.

The closest in purpose and technical nature of the claimed invention is a radar (radar) circular review / patent RU 2624736 / designed for the resonant detection of aircraft (LA) and containing a transmitting antenna-feeder device (PRD AFU) and the receiving antenna-feeder device (RX AFU) meter range of electromagnetic waves, made with independent electronic scanning of the airspace for transmission and reception. Transmission AFU is connected by high-frequency coaxial cable on amplified sounding signals with a power amplifying device (AMC) of sounding signals (ES). PRM AFU on reflected signals and signals of radio interference is connected by high-frequency coaxial cable with a multichannel receiving device (MPU) installed in the hardware cabin of the radar station (radar).

Moreover, the transmission of the AFU and the PRM AFU is made sectoral and installed in pairs along the four sides of a regular quadrilateral (100 × 100) m ² .

TxA AFU 2 is a radiating antenna array with a vertical aperture of the antenna web, made with the possibility of simultaneous sounding of space by a blade-like radio-beam in the sector no less than 90 ° in the azimuthal plane and in the sector 1.5-80 ° in the elevation plane. The radiating antenna array contains blocks of log-periodic dipole antennas (LPVA) mounted vertically on the outer side of the mast. Each LPVA block contains two cross-set LPVA, powered from the corresponding channels of the multichannel generator of high-frequency probing signals (ES).

PFP AFU is made with an azimuthal aperture of the antenna web of cross-shaped antenna elements (AE), placed in horizontal rows on the masts installed in one line, each cross-shaped AE representing two Nadenenko dipoles located perpendicular to each other and at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal plane.

The hardware cabin contains interconnected interface line communication unit of sector multichannel radio receivers for receiving VO resonant signals and interference from corresponding sector receiving antennas, VO unit and device for measuring coordinates VO, preparation of radar data for external users of radar information (RI ), the unit of formation of requests and processing of signals "friend-foe", stationary automated workplace (AWS) and remote AWS operator.

A disadvantage of the known radar (patent RU 2624736) is increased visibility and vulnerability from air attack weapons, associated with the increased size of the radar antenna system due to the increased wavelength used for the resonant detection of air targets.

Reducing the visibility and vulnerability of a known radar by reducing the size of its antenna system leads to a deterioration of the resolution of the radar in range and azimuth.

It is desirable to reduce the visibility and vulnerability of the radar meter of the EMW range without reducing its resolution in terms of distance and azimuth for the resonant detection of the aircraft.

The task and the technical result of the invention is to reduce the weight and size characteristics of the antenna system without reducing the resolution of the radar in range and azimuth to detect the aircraft.

Summary of Invention

The achievement of the stated technical result and the solution of the task is ensured by the fact that the radar of the circular review contains a transmitting antenna-feeder device (PRD AFU) 2 and a receiving antenna-feeder device (PRM AFU) 1 meter of electromagnetic waves, performed with independent electronic scanning of the airspace on transmission and reception. Transmission AFU 2 is connected by high-frequency coaxial cable 5 through amplified sounding signals to a power amplifying device (CMS) 6 sounding signals (ES). RX AFU on the reflected signals and signals of radio interference is connected by high-frequency coaxial cable 4 with a multi-channel receiving device (MPU) 7 installed in the hardware cockpit 3 of the radar station (radar). According to the invention, the TX AFU 2 contains flat reflectors 2.3, mounted vertically around the axis of the stationary non-rotating mast 2.4. Between the adjacent planes of the reflectors 2.3, two-tier loop vibrators 2.1 of horizontal polarization are installed with central powering through the distribution feeder 2.2. PRM AFU 1 contains four identical tiers of three half-wave vibrators 1.1 of horizontal polarization, intersected in the horizontal plane, placed on a stationary vertical non-rotating mast 1.3. Bearing masts 2.4 and 1.3 of the AFD AFU 2 and PRM AFU 1 are spaced at a distance d, sufficient to protect the receiver from the effects of direct radiation from the transmitter.

This embodiment of the transmission of AFU 2 and PRM AFU 1 allows you to apply the method of phase measurement of the azimuth of air objects (VO) without using four bulky azimuth receiving antennas with an opening area of more than 400 m ² each and without compromising the resolution of the radar for resonant detection of the VO.

These technical advantages of the proposed radar can significantly reduce the size of the antenna systems, reduce the visibility and vulnerability of the radar from the means of attack air enemy, and thereby achieve the stated technical result and the solution of the task.

Link to drawings

The invention is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIG. 1 ... 9.

FIG. Figure 1 shows an example of the appearance of a circular radar radar station KO with a stationary antenna system (SAS) of the meter range (MD) of electromagnetic waves (EMW); in fig. 2 - layout of technological equipment in the hardware container; in fig. 3 is a block diagram of a power gain device; in fig. 4 is a block diagram of the receiving channel; in fig. 5 - layout of the radar in the plan; in fig. 6 - functional diagram of the radar; in fig. 7 - structure of special software, FIG. 8 - the design of a single module transmitting antenna-feeder device (AFU); in fig. 9 - time diagram of the radar.

FIG. 1 ... 9 marked:

1 - receiving antenna-feeder device (PFP AFU);

1.1 - half-wave vibrator (PVV);

1.2 - block summation and matching (BSA);

1.3 - four-section receiving mast (CM ₁ );

1.4 - stretch marks (P);

2 - transmitting antenna-feeder device (PRD AFU);

2.1 - loop vibrator (PEV);

2.2 - distribution feeder (FR);

2.3 - reflector (REF);

2.4 - two-section transmission mast (CM ₂ );

3 - hardware container (AK);

4 - coaxial cables (QC) for transmitting received signals (MS);

5 - QC for transmitting probing signals (ES);

6 - power amplification device (UUM);

6.1 - channel power amplification (KUM);

6.1.1 - control and regulation unit (BKR);

6.1.2 - power gain block (BOOM);

6.1.3 - harmonic filter unit (BFG);

6.1.4 - block directional couplers (BNO);

6.1.5 - antenna switch unit (BAP);

6.1.6 - block equivalent load (BEN);

6.2 - control and monitoring unit (ACU);

7 - multi-channel receiving device (MPU);

7.1 - receiving channel (PC);

7.1.1 - limiter (OGR);

7.1.2 - key (CL);

7.1.3 - preselector (PRE);

7.1.4 - high frequency amplifier (UHF);

7.1.5 - attenuator (ATT);

7.1.6 - analog-to-digital converter (ADC);

7.1.7 - digital filter (FC);

7.1.8 - signal processor (SP);

7.1.9 - programmable logic integrated control circuit (FPGA);

7.1.10 - bus signal output information;

7.1.11 - bus control processing of reflected signals (OS);

7.2 - control unit of the OS processing, data exchange and the formation (BUUF) of gates (ST) and probing signals (ES);

7.3 - receiver of the space navigation system (PKNS);

7.4 - block synchronization (BSH);

7.5 - reference frequency splitter (ROCH);

8 - computer complex (VK);

8.1 - automated workplace (AWP);

8.2 - computer receiving and processing (computer software);

8.3 - common hardware and software (OPO);

8.4 - special hardware and software (OSS);

8.4.1 - a program block (PSU) for receiving and registering an input information flow (OVPI);

8.4.2 - BP primary coherent signal processing (FFP);

8.4.3 - BP primary non-coherent signal processing (PNO);

8.4.4 - BP trajectory processing of information (TS);

8.4.5 - BP display of primary information (PGI);

8.4.6 - BP display trajectory information (OTI);

8.4.7 - BP recording and playback of information (RVI);

8.4.8 - BP functional control (FC);

8.4.9 - BP control radar (OCR);

8.4.10 - control bus VK 6;

8.4.11 - MPU 7 control bus;

8.4.12 - data connection system bus (PDS) to external users of radar information

9 - a case of spare parts and measuring devices (spare parts);

10 - power supply cabinet (ELP);

11 - air conditioning (CDC);

12 - filtering unit;

13 - thermal control unit (TP).

Description of the design of the radar circular review in statics

The radar of the circular review contains a transmitting antenna-feeder device (PRD AFU) 2 and a receiving antenna-feeder device (PRM AFU) of 1 meter range of electromagnetic waves, made with independent electronic scanning of the air space for transmission and reception. TX AFU 2 is connected by a high-frequency coaxial cable 5 through amplified probe signals to a device 6 for amplifying the power (UUM) of probing signals (ES). RX AFU on the reflected signals and signals of radio interference is connected by high-frequency coaxial cable 4 with a multi-channel receiving device (MPU) 7 installed in the hardware cockpit 3 of the radar station (radar). TX AFU 2 contains flat reflectors 2.3, mounted vertically around the axis of the stationary non-rotating transmitting mast 2.4. Between the adjacent planes of the reflectors 2.3, two-tier loop vibrators 2.1 of horizontal polarization are installed with central powering through the distribution feeder 2.2. PRM AFU 1 contains four identical tiers of three half-wave vibrators 1.1 of horizontal polarization, intersected in the horizontal plane, placed on a stationary vertical non-rotating mast 1.3. Bearing masts 2.4, 1.3 TX AFU 2 and PFP AFU 1 are separated on the ground at a distance d, sufficient to ensure protection of the receiver 7 from the effects of direct radiation from the transmitter 6.

The specific value of d is chosen from the condition U (P, L, d) ≤U _d , where: P is the average radiation power; d is the distance between the masts; L is the effective size of the receiving antenna; U is the voltage generated at the receiver input due to the effect of direct radiation from the transmitter; U _d - the maximum allowable voltage at the receiver input.

For the proposed radar circular review with the parameters P and U _d similar to the prototype / RU 2624736 /, the numerical value of d can be d≥50 m

The hardware cabin 3 of the radar is made in the form of a two-piece container body with a filtering unit 12 installed on the outer surface of its body. In the shielded compartment of the container body are placed the power amplification device (UUM) 6 cabinet, antenna switch block (BAP) 6.1.5, and load equivalent unit (BEN) 6.1.6. In the hardware compartment of the container 3 a cabinet of a multichannel receiving device (MPU) 7, a computer complex (VC) for receiving and processing digital signals 8, a power supply cabinet (EFD) 10, a cabinet for spare parts and measuring devices (ZIP) 9, an air conditioner 11 and a unit are installed thermal control 13. The above equipment hardware and shielded compartments of the cab 3 is connected to the computing complex (VK) 6 interface lines.

The power amplification device (UUM) 6 of the probing signals (ES) of the cab 3 contains a control and monitoring unit (ACU) 6.2, which is connected at its output to four identical power amplification channels (CUM) 6.1. Each KUM 6.1 is made with the possibility of amplifying two probing signals (ES) short τ ₁ and increased τ ₂ duration at frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ to the nominal power P ₁ and P _2, respectively. KUM 6.1 contains a series-connected control and regulation unit (BKR) 6.1.1, power amplification (BOOM) unit 6.1.2, harmonic filter unit (BFG) 6.1.3 and directional taps unit (BNO) 6.1.4. BNO 6.1.4 is connected via block 6.1.5 of antenna switches (BAP) with a high-frequency connector for connecting a coaxial cable (QC) 5 for transmitting sounding signals (ES) to the transmission module AFU 2 and a load equivalent unit (BEH) 6.1.6.

Multichannel receiving device direct amplification (MPU) 7 cab 3 is designed to receive, amplify high-frequency (RF) response signals (OS), convert them into digital form, digital filtering and issuing the results of digital filtering into the computing complex (VK) 8 for the primary and secondary OS processing, as well as for digital generation of probing signals (ES), gates (ST) for closing receiving paths for the time of ES radiation and generating synchronization signals (SI) for control signals (CS) for receiving and processing response signals in (OS), as well as simulation signals (IC) in the functional control mode (FC) radar.

According to FIG. 6 MPU 7 contains a block of receiving channels (PC) 7.1, a control unit, the exchange and the formation of probing (ES) and simulation (IC) signals (BUOF) 7.2, a space navigation system receiver 7.3 (PCNS) 7.3, a synchronization unit (BSH) 7.4 and a splitter reference frequency (ROC) 7.5.

At the same time, the outputs of the БУОФ 7.2 unit via ЗС and СТ are connected to the control and monitoring unit (БУК) 6.2 of the power amplifying device (UUM) 6. The outputs of the 7.2 unit are connected to the first control inputs of the receiving channels 7.1 by SU signals, and space navigation system receiver (PCSN) 7.3, synchronization unit (BSH) 7.4 and reference frequency splitter (ROCH) 7.5 - with second control inputs of receiving channels 7.1.

The number N _{pc of} receiving channels 7.1 is selected from the condition N _pc = N _i * N _in , where N _i is the number of masts tiers 1.3 PRM AFU 1 and the number N _in receiving vibrators 1.1 installed on each tier for a circular view of the airspace.

Each receiving channel 7.1 is made with the possibility of receiving, amplification at high frequency, analog-digital conversion, digital filtering of reflected signals (OS) and radio interference from the vibrators 1.1 of the receiving PRM AFU 1. For this, each receiving channel (PC) 7.1 contains (FIG 4) serially connected for processing response signals (OS) limiter (OGR) 7.1.1, key (CL) 7.1.2, preselector (PRE) 7.1.3, high frequency amplifier (UHF) 7.1.4, attenuator (ATT) 7.1.5, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 7.1.6, digital filter (DF) 7.1.7, signal process (SP) bus 7.1.10 and 7.1.8 the output signal information. To control the OS processing, each receive channel (PC) 7.1 additionally contains a programmable logic integrated control circuit (FPGA) 7.1.9. FPGA 7.1.9 is connected to the control input with the bus 7.1.11 of the block 7.2 connection, and to the control outputs to the control inputs of the key (CL) 7.1.2, preselector (PRE) 7.1.3, digital filter (DF) 7.1.7 and signal processor (SP) 7.1.8. In turn, the SP 7.1.8 for the reference frequency and the repetition rate of the ES via the bus 7.1.11 is connected to BUUF 7.2. Bus 7.1.10 of the output signal information of each PC 7.1 is connected to the computing complex (VK) 8 of cab 3.

Computing complex (VC) 8 is made with the possibility of digital beam forming (CPND), primary and trajectory processing of radar information, the formation of output information. VK 8 contains two automated workplaces (AWP) 8.1 connected by interface lines, an electronic computer (receiving computer) receiving and processing signals 8.2, as well as memory blocks with common (FPS) 8.3 and special software (SPO) 8.4. General OP 8.3 is the operating system Astra Lunix Edition. SPO 8.4 includes serially connected digital data processing units (PSUs) for receiving and registering an input information flow (OVPI) 8.4.1, PSU for primary coherent signal processing (SSP) 8.4.2, PSU for primary non-coherent signal processing (PNO) 8.4.3 and KP trajectory processing (TO) information 8.4.4. BP 8.4.4 is connected to the output from the data connection system (PDS) bus to external users of radar information 8.4.12 and from the Path Information Display (OTI) BP 8.4.6. The second input / output of the PSU 8.4.6 is connected to the first inputs / outputs of the PSU of the primary information display (PDI) 8.4.5, the control unit PRVPI 8.4.1, the PSU PNO 8.4.3, the PS TH 8.4.4 and the BP of the functional control (FC) 8.4 .eight. The second input / output of the PSU 8.4.8 according to the information of the FC is connected via the BP of the radar operation control unit (OCR) 8.4.9 with the UM 6 control bus 8.4.10, the MPU 7 control bus 8.4.11, as well as with the second inputs / outputs of the PRPPI BP 8.4 .1, BP PKO 8.4.2, KP TO 8.4.4. The third input / output of the BP 8.4.4 through the BP 8.4.7 is connected to the second input / output of the BP registration and playback information (RVI) 8.4.7.

Description of the design of the radar circular review in dynamics

The radar station of the circular review works as follows.

In БУОФ 7.2, located in the MPU 7, two ES of various duration (Fig. 9) are formed in digital form at two frequencies set by the operator: one ES is short, with amplitude modulation (AM) or with linear frequency modulation (LFM), the second ES is long, with chirp, and both ES are transmitted to UUM 6, consisting of four KUM 6.1, in which low-power short and long ES are amplified to the rated power.

Enhanced ES from each KUM 6.1 on four KK 3S 5 are transmitted through FR 2.2 to PSU 2.1 of each 90-degree module (Fig. 8) Tx AFA 2 and are radiated into space (Fig. 9) in each repetition period (TP).

Radar signals reflected from an air object and radio interference signals are received (Fig. 9) Rx AFU 1. From the output of each UWV 1.1, the signal for QC PS 4 is sent to its PC 7.1 MPU 7. In each PC 7.1, the signals are amplified by UHF 7.1.4, digitized high frequency of the ADC 7.1.6 and fed to the FC 7.1.7. Digital filtering allows you to provide the required identity of the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the receivers necessary for the formation of radiation patterns (DN).

From the output of the MPU 7, digital information is packed and transmitted via the Ethernet interface to VK 8. For information processing, VK 8 has an OPA 8.3, which is the Astra Lunix Edition operating system and SPO 8.4, which is a set of interconnected program blocks (BPs) providing: reception and registration of the input stream (PRTR) 8.4.1; primary coherent signal processing (FFP) 8.4.2; primary non-coherent signal processing (PNO) 8.4.3; trajectory processing of information (TS) 8.4.4; as well as the display of primary information (PGI) 8.4.5; mapping of trajectory information (GTI) 8.4.6; registration and reproduction of information (RVI) 8.4.7; functional control (FC) 8.4.8; management of the radar (OCR) 8.4.9 (Fig. 7).

The signal information in digital form comes from the output of the MPU 7 to the URVPI 8.4.1 power supply unit (Fig. 7). In FFP 8.4.2, intra-pulse signal processing (SIV) is performed. In the SIS process, the signal is “convolved” in accordance with the law of its modulation, thereby forming the range channels. Then, the formation of elevation diagrams of directivity (DN) and DN of right and left rotation of the EMF, coherent accumulation with the formation of Doppler filters and a preliminary measurement of the azimuth of the VO is performed. In PSU PNO 8.4.3, detection, incoherent accumulation, threshold processing, and selection of marks from airborne objects (VO) are performed. Further, in BP 8.4.4, the trajectory processing of marks from the HE is performed. In this case, the true trajectories of the HE are separated from the false paths of the HE and the final determination of the coordinates, velocity and heading of the HE Evaluation of the technical condition of devices to the level of replaceable elements and the radar as a whole is performed by BP FC 8.4.8. Management of operating modes, technical parameters and open source radar in radar systems is carried out using the PD OUR 8.4.9.

Output of information for external customers is carried out in accordance with the agreed protocols of information interaction. The rate of information update is equal to the duration of coherent accumulation.

The invention was developed at the level of a prototype radar of the circular review and its hardware and software.

Claims (9)

1. Radar station of circular view, containing a transmitting antenna-feeder device (TX AFU) and a receiving antenna-feeder device (PRM AFU) of the meter range of electromagnetic waves, made with independent electronic scanning of the air space for transmission and reception, and connected respectively by a high-frequency coaxial cable on amplified probing signals with a power amplifying device (UUM) of probing signals (ES), and on reflected signals and radio interference signals - high-frequency coaxial Abel with a multichannel receiving device (MPU) installed in the hardware cabin of a radar station (RLS), characterized in that the Tx AFU contains flat reflectors installed vertically around the axis of a stationary non-rotating transmitting mast, between adjacent planes of which are installed two tier loop vibrators of horizontal polarization with central powering through the distribution feeder, and PRM AFU - four identical tiers of three half-wave vibrators of the th from the tonal polarization, placed on a stationary vertical non-rotating mast, the carrier masts of the DF AFU and the DMA AFU are spaced at a distance d sufficient to protect the MPU from suppressing its receiving paths by the sounding radiation of the UUM; installation installed on the outer surface of the body, in the shielded compartment of the body-container placed cabinets power amplification device (UUM), a block of antenna switches (BAL) and load equivalent unit (BEN), and in the container's hardware compartment - a multi-channel receiving device (MPU) cabinet, a computing complex (VC) for receiving and processing digital signals, a power supply cabinet (ELL), a cabinet for spare parts and measuring instruments ( Spare parts), air conditioner and thermal control unit, whose equipment, as well as the equipment of the shielded compartment is connected to the computing complex (VC) by the interface communication lines, the power amplifying device (UUM) of the probing signals (ES) contains the control and monitoring unit (BEECH), connected to the output with four identical channels of power amplification (KUM), each of which is designed to amplify two sounding signals (ES) short τ ₁ and increased τ ₂ duration at frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ to the nominal power P ₁ and Р ₂ respectively, and contains a series-connected control and regulation unit (BKR), a power amplification unit (BOOM), a harmonic filter unit (BFG) and a directional coupler unit (BNO) connected through a unit of antenna switches (BAP) to a high-frequency connector for coac sial cable (QC) for transmitting probing signals (ES) to the AFD AFU and a load equivalent unit (BEN), the multichannel direct amplification receiver (MPU) contains a control unit for the exchange and formation of probing (ES) and simulation (IC) signals (БУОФ ) connected to the control unit of the power amplifying device (UUM) via gates and CS, directing the OS processing control commands directly to the first control inputs of the receiving channels, and using the synchronization signals through the satellite navigation system receiver we (PKNS), synchronization unit (DSU) and a splitter reference frequency (Roche) - a second control receiving channels inputs, the number N _nk are chosen from the condition N _pc = N _i * N _in where N _i - the number of CSTR AFU mast longlines and the number N _{in the} receiving vibrators installed on each tier for a circular view of the airspace, each receiving channel is configured to receive, amplify at high frequency, analog-to-digital conversion, digital filtering of the reflected signals (OS) and radio interference from the receiving PRM vibrators AFU contains serially connected for processing response signals (OS) limiter (OGR), key (CL), preselector (PRE), high frequency amplifier (UHF), attenuator (ATT), analog-to-digital converter (ADC), digital filter ( DF), a signal processor (SP) and an output signal information bus, as well as a control circuit (SU) connected to the control inputs of a key (CL), preselector (PRE), digital filter (DF), a signal processor (SP) via a control input ), connected to the reference frequency and repetition rate with the control unit, exchange and formation (БУОФ) of probing signals (CS), the digital input / output of which is connected to the computer complex (VC) of the cabin, the computer complex is designed to digitally generate radiation patterns (CPND), primary and trajectory processing of radar information, generate output information and contains two computer-connected workplaces (AWS) connected by interface lines, a receiving and processing computer (software), including a serially connected digital data processing unit a and registration of the input information flow (PRDPI), primary coherent signal processing unit (FFP), primary non-coherent signal processing unit (PNO) and trajectory processing unit (TO) of the information connected to the external bus connection to the data transmission system (PDS) radar information and with the display unit of the trajectory information (OTI), the second input / output of which is connected to the first inputs / outputs of the primary information display unit (OPI), the PRNPI block, the PNO block, the TO block and the functional block control (FC), the second input / output of which, by commands of the FC, is connected via the radar operation control unit (OCR) to the control bus of the CMC, the control bus of the MPU, and also connected to the second inputs / outputs of the PRTR unit, the control unit, the TO block , the third input / output of which is connected to the second input / output of the block for recording and reproducing information (RVI). 2. Radar station according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance d of separation of the TX AFM and PRM AFU on the ground, sufficient to protect the receiver from the effects of direct radiation from the transmitter, is determined from the condition U (P, L, d) ≤U _d , Where: P is the average radiation power; d is the distance between the masts; L is the effective size of the receiving antenna U is the voltage generated at the receiver input due to the effect of direct radiation from the transmitter; U _d - the maximum allowable voltage at the receiver input.

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