RU2684789C1 - Autonomous degassing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the mining industry, namely to the methane-air mixture pumping unit and can be used on the surface of hazardous and explosive gases and dust of existing and already closed coal mines and mines without power supply from the external network. Autonomous degassing unit includes cleaning module connected on one side with degassing pipeline, and on the other side – with vacuumizing module, gas power station, vessel with compressed gas and control system. At that, vacuumizing module includes at least one vacuum pump connected to gas mixer connected to gas power station and container with compressed gas. Between the gas mixer and the gas power plant there is a sensor for determining concentration of methane, which is configured to transmit a signal to a control system which provides opening or closing a valve installed between the gas mixer and the container with compressed gas.EFFECT: invention ensures uninterrupted and reliable operation of self-contained degassing unit capable of pumping methane-air mixture with methane concentration of less than 25 %.6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to an installation for pumping out a methane-air mixture of coal seams, rocks and depleted spaces, and can be used on the surface of gases and dust that are dangerous due to the explosion of existing and already closed coal mines and mines without power supply from the external network .

Thus, a power plant for utilization of coal mine methane is known from the state of the art, which includes a modular boiler house, made with the ability to work on the mine methane-air mixture (RF Patent No. 67181, E21F 7/00, published on 10.10.2007).

As the closest analogue, a degassing installation was adopted, which includes a cleaning system, pumps, an autonomous system for starting the installation in the form of a tank with compressed gas, and a gas-generating power plant consuming a gas mixture with a concentration of methane 25-75%, with a fuel system to improve efficiency and obtaining cheap electricity for both internal and external needs (RF patent No. 84918, Е21F 7/00, published July 20, 2009).

The disadvantages of the known solution are possible interruptions in operation when the methane concentration in the evacuated mixture drops below 25%, since there is no possibility of mixing natural gas with a possible decrease in the methane concentration in the evacuated mixture below 25%, and the capacity of the compressed natural gas is used only to start the installation, insufficient reliability , safety and durability of the autonomous degassing installation, as well as the need to use additional equipment for gas drying.

The technical problem of the claimed invention is the creation of a reliable and safe mobile stand-alone degassing installation, which in a short time can be moved to a new place of work, and able to pump out a methane-air mixture with a methane concentration of less than 25%.

The technical result achieved with the implementation of this invention is to ensure the smooth and reliable operation of the stand-alone degassing installation.

This technical result is achieved in an autonomous degassing installation containing a cleaning module connected on one side with a degassing pipeline, and on the other with a vacuum module, a gas power station, a tank with compressed gas and a control system, and the vacuum module contains at least one vacuum a pump connected to a gas mixer connected to a gas power station and a tank with compressed gas, while a sensor is installed between the gas mixer and the gas power station to detect ELENITE methane concentration, configured to transmit the signal control system providing the opening or closing valve arranged between the gas mixer and the container with compressed gas.

By performing an autonomous degassing installation comprising a cleaning module connected on the one hand to a degassing pipeline and on the other to a vacuum module, a gas power station, a container with compressed gas and a control system, where the vacuum module contains at least one vacuum pump connected a gas mixer connected to the gas power plant and a tank with compressed gas, while a sensor is installed between the gas mixer and the gas power plant to determine the concentration of methane; space filled with the possibility of transmission of the signal control system providing the opening or closing valve arranged between the gas mixer and the container with compressed gas provided uninterrupted and safe operation of the autonomous degassing unit.

The use of a gas power station as part of an autonomous degassing unit operating on mine gas (methane-air mixture coming from the degassing shaft) ensures the autonomy of the degassing unit with its cleaning and vacuuming modules with the appropriate equipment, and the presence of a container with compressed natural gas allows not only to start at the very beginning of the operation of an autonomous degassing unit, but also to support its uninterrupted operation in cases of a decrease in methane concentration in the methane healthy mixture less than 25%. The gas power plant itself cannot operate at methane concentrations in mine gas below 25% due to operational limitations of power plant manufacturers. The possibility of an autonomous degassing installation when the concentration of methane in the mine gas is below 25% is provided by the presence of a gas mixer connected on one side to the gas power station, and on the other through a vacuum pump with a cleaning module and a valve with a compressed natural gas tank. In this case, the monitoring of the methane concentration drop in the methane-air mixture is carried out by an appropriate sensor, which is located in the pipeline connecting the gas power station and the gas mixer, and depending on the readings of the said sensor, the control system coordinates the valve operation. In addition, the cleaning module performs cleaning of the methane-air mixture before supplying it to the vacuum unit and to the gas power station, which increases the safety and reliability of the declared installation, as well as ensures its uninterrupted operation.

In particular, a gas piston or gas turbine power station can be used as a gas power station.

As a vacuum pump in a vacuum module, a dry-type rotary vacuum pump can be used, which has a long service life and does not require additional equipment for gas drying.

A container with compressed gas can be connected to a gas-fired power plant via a bypass pipeline bypassing the gas mixer to start up an autonomous degassing installation.

In particular, the cleaning module contains flame arresters, a cyclone-type separator, a fine filter from fine dust, a sump with a fill level indicator in the form of a level sensor, an exhaust pump, a system for determining the evacuated MBC flow rate, and a methane content monitoring system in the form of a methane concentration sensor.

In particular, an autonomous degassing installation contains a system for monitoring the air composition in the form of a methane sensor, an emergency ventilation fan and an autonomous automatic fire extinguishing system, ensuring the safe operation of the declared installation.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings.

FIG. 1. shows the layout of an autonomous degassing unit.

FIG. 2 shows the main equipment of the cleaning module, where (A) is a front view, (B) is a top view.

FIG. 3 shows the main equipment of the vacuum module, where (A) is a front view, (B) is a top view.

FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of an autonomous degassing installation. The figures show the following structural elements.

1 - cleaning module (MO);

2 - vacuum module (MB);

3 - degassing pipeline;

4 - outlet pipe;

5 - vacuum gas pipeline;

6 - MB connection pipe;

7 - waste pipeline;

8 - purge pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump;

9 - gas supply unit (BSG);

10 - transport sleighs;

11 - hermetic partition;

12 - shut-off valve with pneumatic actuator discharge pipe;

13 - discharge pipe arrester;

14 - shut-off valve with a pneumatic drive cleaning system;

15 - intake manifold cleaning system

16 - cyclone type separator;

17 - fine filter from fine dust;

18 - sump;

19 - level sensor;

20 - pumping pump;

21 - valve with pneumatic actuator drain pipe;

22 - drain pipe;

23 - system for determining the flow rate of the pumped methane-air mixture

24 - methane sensor in the degassing pipeline;

25 - methane sensor of the process room;

26 - technological room heater;

27 - technological room lamp;

28 - emergency ventilation fan;

29 - Autonomous automatic fire extinguishing system;

30 - control equipment for the cleaning module;

31 - control panel;

32 - lamp;

33 - convector;

34 - pieces of furniture;

35 - air conditioning;

36 - bathroom;

37 - pneumatic actuator at the inlet of a rotary vacuum pump;

38 - flame arrester at the inlet of a rotary vacuum pump;

39 - electric rotary vacuum pump;

40 - flame arrester at the outlet of the rotary vacuum pump;

41 - pneumatic actuator at the outlet of the vacuum pump;

42 - purge pipe at the inlet of the vacuum pump;

43 - check valve

44 - valve with pneumatic actuator purge pipe at the inlet of the vacuum pump

45 - valve with pneumatic actuator purge pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump

46 - flame arrester purge pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump;

47 — discharge pipe;

48 - bypass valve;

49 - waste flame arrester;

50 - bypass jumper;

51 - manual shutter;

52 - bypass valve of the vacuum pump;

53 - gas power station;

54 - gas mixer;

55 - flame arrester of a gas power plant;

56 - shut-off solenoid valve;

57 - methane sensor in the discharge pipe;

58 - natural gas pipeline;

59 - shut-off valve;

60 - control valve;

61 - manually operated valve;

62 - metal composite cylinders with valves;

63 - pressure regulator;

64 - exhaust pipe;

65 - exhaust silencer;

66 — exhaust cooler;

67 - cooling air inlet pipe;

68 - exhaust gas outlet;

69 - natural gas pipeline jumper;

70 - carbon monoxide sensor;

71 - FZG filling pipe;

72 - control and automation equipment with a programmable controller. According to figures 1-4 Autonomous degassing installation (ADU) with

The automated control system (ACS) consists of several metal module containers installed on the transport sledge with equipment placed in them, namely: with at least one evacuation module (MB) 2 installed on the transport sled 10 connected via a vacuum pipeline 5 to at least one cleaning module (MO) 1, which is also installed on the transport sled 10 and is connected to the degassing well through the degassing pipeline 3.

The cleaning module (MO) 1 is installed in front of the vacuum module (MB) 2 in the direction of movement of the methane-air mixture MVS from the mine. MO 1 is divided into three compartments with deaf hermetic partitions 11, which exclude the passage of gas from the secondary school (in an emergency situation) from one compartment to another. In the first (technological) compartment are placed the shutter 12 with pneumatic actuator of the outlet pipe 4, equipped with flame arrester 13, shut-off shutter 14 with pneumatic actuator of the cleaning system, inlet manifold of the cleaning system 15, cyclone-type separator 16, fine filter from fine dust 17, sump 18 with pointer filling level in the form of a level sensor 19, pumping pump 20, valve 21 with pneumatic actuator of the drain pipe 22, the system for determining the flow rate 23 of the pumped MVS and the system for monitoring methane content in the form of a meta concentration sensor 24 installed on the degassing pipe 3. This set of equipment cleans the MIF coming from the wells from moisture, dust and other mechanical impurities, automatically discharges the condensate from the separator using a centrifugal pumping pump, ejects the MIF to the atmosphere, bypassing MB at stopping the autonomous degassing installation. The process room is equipped with a life support system, which includes an air quality control system 25 in the form of a methane sensor, a process room heater 26, a process room lamp 27, an emergency ventilation fan 28 and an autonomous automatic fire extinguishing system 29. In the second compartment (the CSP control room) control equipment for the cleaning module 30. In the third section there is a maintenance staff room (the software operator’s room) in which the control panel 31, luminaires 32, convectors 33, necessary furniture items 34, air conditioning 35 and a bathroom 36. This set of equipment allows managing the ADF in both automatic and manual modes, data transmission.

MB 2 is part of an autonomous degassing installation, is made with the ability to connect to the MO 1 of an autonomous degassing installation and is divided into three rooms with deaf hermetic partitions 11 that exclude the passage of US gas (in an emergency) from one compartment to another. In the first (technological) department there are one (or several) rotary vacuum pump 39 of a dry type with electric drive, connected by means of a vacuum gas pipeline to MO, valves 37 and 41 with pneumatic actuators at the inlet and outlet of the vacuum pump, fire arresters 38 and 40 at the inlet and outlet of the vacuum pump 39, purge pipe 42 at the inlet of a vacuum pump with a check valve 43 and a pneumatic actuator gate 44, a purge pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump 8, equipped with a flame arrester 46 and to which a vacuum pump through flame arrester 40 and pneumatically actuated gate 45, vacuum pump bypass jumper 50, in which a manually operated shutter 51 and vacuum pump bypass valve 52 are installed, discharge pipe 47, equipped with waste pipe 7, in which bypass valve 48 and fire arrester 49 are mounted. This set of equipment is designed to create a vacuum in the degassing pipe 3, as a result of which the MIF begins to move from the well to the side of the vacuum pump 39 of the dry type, and excess and in the injection pipe 47 as a result of which the MIF moves towards the gas power station 53 and in case of surplus is discharged into the atmosphere. The technological room is equipped with a life support system, which includes a system for monitoring the composition of air 25 in the form of a methane sensor, a heater for the technological room 26, a lamp for the technological room 27, an emergency ventilation fan 28 and an autonomous automatic fire extinguishing system 29.

In the second (technological) department there is a gas power station 53, which receives the MIF via the injection pipe 47 through the gas mixer 54, the methane concentration monitoring system in the discharge pipe 47 as a methane sensor 57, a flame arrester 55 and a shut-off solenoid valve 56. And to the discharge pipeline 47 through a gas mixer 54, a control valve 60, a shut-off valve 59, a gas reserve unit (BZG) 9, which is fixed outside MB 2, is connected via a natural gas gas pipeline 58 through the pressure regulator -63, tinuous of metal-cylinders with the valve 62, pressure regulator 63 and a filling pipe 71. The gas mixer 54 is a structure in the form of a cylindrical body, inside which is placed a diffuser, which is a venturi nozzle. The MIF comes to the diffuser, at the beginning of which radial holes are made around the perimeter, communicating with the annular manifold, which is connected to the natural gas pipeline 58 through regulating valve 60 and shut-off valve 59. When natural gas is fed into the mixer, the gas enters the zone of high flow rates of the MIF, resulting in a homogenization of the working mixture at the outlet of the mixer.

As a gas mixer, an air-gas mixer for an internal combustion engine can be used (presented in the RF patent №2467196 F02M 29/00, published 11/20/2012).

The gas mixer is designed to mix the methane-air mixture entering the PTA with natural gas, achieving a methane concentration in the methane-air mixture above 25% for supplying it to the gas power station 53.

Natural gas gas pipeline 58 has a bypass connection with a valve 61 having manual control to the discharge pipeline 47 bypassing the gas mixer 54, control valve 60, shut-off valve 59. Bypass connection is necessary to force natural gas to start gas supply 53. In the presence of the second MB, the natural gas pipeline 58 MB No. 1 is connected to the gas pipeline 58 MB No. 2 via jumper 69. Hot exhaust gases from the gas power station 53 through the exhaust pipe 64 through the exhaust silencer 65 enter the exhaust gas cooler 66, in which the hot exhaust gases are diluted fresh cold air to a temperature of not more than + 80 ° C, and the cooling air inlet 67 and exhaust gas outlet 68 should be located at least 5 m away from the ends of the discharge pipe 7 and the purge pipe ode 8 at the outlet of the vacuum pump. The room is equipped with a life support system, which includes an air composition monitoring system in the form of a methane sensor 25 and carbon monoxide sensor 70, a technological room heater 26, a technological room lamp 27, an emergency ventilation fan 28 and an autonomous automatic fire extinguishing system 29 In the third section (control room CSP) located control equipment and automation 72 with a programmable controller.

BZG 9 is mounted outside the vacuum module and made in the form of metal composite cylinders with fittings 62, combined in a cassette for storing natural (reserve) gas in a compressed state, fed to the gas power station 53 through a gas mixer 54 in case of a decrease in the concentration of methane in the pumped gas (MVS ), as well as for the initial launch in the event of stopping the HELL. BZG is charged through the charging nozzle 71 compressed natural gas, which is subsequently stored in a compressed state until the need for its use. Refueling is carried out by delivering BZG to a natural gas filling station (AGNKS), or is filled in place with a mobile gas refueling station (PAGZ). The volume of stored gas in the GDB allows ADP to operate at rated power for at least 3 hours.

All equipment installed in technological rooms has explosion-proof design.

The automated control system allows you to control: the vacuum in the degassing pipeline, the concentration of methane (CH ₄ ) in pipelines and process rooms, the concentration of CO and O ₂ in the degassing pipeline (if necessary), the temperature of the gas in the degassing pipeline and the discharge of the vacuum pump, the gas pressure on the suction and discharge of the vacuum pump, the flow rate of the MIF, the temperature in the rooms, the filling level of the sump.

The automated control system performs: control of a vacuum pump, control of a gas power station, switching of valves, transfer of controlled parameters from a distance.

HELL works as follows.

All the equipment is stopped, all valves are closed except for the shut-off valve with pneumatic actuator of the discharge pipe 12. The operator 61 opens the valve 61 manually by the operator to force natural gas to the gas power station 53. The gas power station 53 is started up with the opening of the shut-off solenoid valve 56.

After the appearance of electricity, the life support systems of the modules automatically turn on, the exhaust gas cooler 66 is started, the shutter 44 opens with a pneumatic drive of the purge pipe at the inlet of the vacuum pump, the shutter 45 opens with the pneumatic drive of the blow-down pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump, the rotary vacuum pump 39 is started at minimum speed, the purge is started air for five minutes, opens the valve 37 with a pneumatic actuator at the inlet of the vacuum pump, opens the valve 14 with pneumop Driving the cleaning system, the valve 12 is closed with a pneumatic actuator of the discharge pipe, the valve 44 is closed with a pneumatic actuator of the purge pipe at the inlet of the vacuum pump, MHC through the degassing pipe 3 starts moving towards the vacuum pump 39 through the system for determining the consumption of MVC 23, the methane sensor 24 in the degassing pipe, valve 14 with pneumatic drive of the cleaning system, inlet manifold of the cleaning system 15, cyclone separator type 16, fine filter 17, vacuum pipeline 5, valve 37 with a pneumatic actuator at the vacuum inlet pump, flame arrester 38 at the inlet of the vacuum pump, then enters the rotary vacuum pump 39 with electric drive and through the flame arrester 40 at the outlet of the vacuum pump, the valve 45 with the pneumatic actuator of the purge pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump and the flame arrester 46 of the purge pipe at the outlet of the vacuum pump is thrown into atmosphere until the concentration of methane in the evacuated MBC, monitored by methane sensor 24 is more than 10%.

After the valve 41 opens with a pneumatic actuator at the outlet of a rotary vacuum pump 39 with electric drive, the valve 45 closes with a pneumatic actuator of the purge pipe at the outlet of the rotary vacuum pump 39 with electric actuator and MBC begins to flow through the discharge pipeline 47 through the gas mixer 54 to the gas power station 53, at the same time opens the shut-off valve 59 and natural gas begins to flow through the control valve 60 into the gas mixer 54 until the concentration of methane in the discharge pipeline 47, controlled by methane sensor 57, will not reach more than 25%, valve 61 manually closes. As methane concentration in the discharge pipe 47 increases and control valve 60 completely overlaps when the methane concentration exceeds 30%, the rotary vacuum pump 39 with electric drive will increase speed up to the nominal but at the same time, not allowing the concentration of methane to fall below 30%.

When the methane concentration in the MAM drops below 30%, at the first stage, the revolutions of the rotary vacuum pump 39 are reduced until the concentration reaches a value of 30%. With a further decrease in the methane concentration in the evacuated MVS to 25%, natural gas from the BZG 9 is mixed into the MVS using a gas mixer 54 and a control valve 60 until the required concentration is at least 25%. During the operation of the ADP with a given capacity, the excess pumped-down MVS, non-consumed by the gas power station 53, through the relief valve 48 and the flame arrestor 49 are discharged to the atmosphere through the waste pipe 7, or if the methane concentration is more than 25%, it can be disposed of at the closed type.

In the absence of the need to maintain a predetermined volume of pumped MVS rotary vacuum pump 39 with electric drive, the valve 51 opens manually installed on the bypass jumper 50, thus the bypass valve 52 of the rotary vacuum pump 39 is started, which does not allow the pressure in the discharge pipe 47 to reach the pressure the opening of the bypass valve 48 and ADU begins to pump out gas with the capacity required for the operation of the gas power station 53.

During the operation of the HELL, moisture and various mechanical impurities coming together with the MIF via the degassing pipeline 3 settle in the sump 18, the filling level of which is monitored by the level sensor 19, as it fills, the exhaust pump 20 turns on, the valve with the pneumatic actuator 21 opens and through the drain piping all accumulated liquid drains outside the MO cleaning module.

The stated autonomous degassing installation is advisable to use if a degassing installation with a short service life is required at one place, since when moving to a new place of operation it is not necessary to re-establish communications following the installation, often to the detriment of agricultural and forest land, which may incur significant loss of time and resources.

Thus, the claimed invention provides uninterrupted, safe and reliable operation of an autonomous degassing installation, which in a short time can be moved to a new place of work and able to pump out a methane-air mixture with a methane concentration of less than 25%.

Claims (6)

1. Autonomous degassing installation, characterized in that it contains a cleaning module connected on the one hand with a degassing pipeline, and on the other with a vacuum module, a gas power station, a container with compressed gas and a control system, and the vacuum module contains at least one a vacuum pump connected to a gas mixer connected to a gas-fired power station and a tank with compressed gas, and a sensor is installed between the gas mixer and the gas-fired power station to determine the concentration m ethane, made with the possibility of transmitting a signal to the control system, providing opening or closing of the valve installed between the gas mixer and the container with compressed gas. 2. Autonomous degassing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas piston or gas turbine power station is used as a gas power station. 3. The stand-alone degassing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that a dry-type rotary vacuum pump is used as a vacuum pump in a vacuum module. 4. The stand-alone degassing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank with compressed gas is connected to the gas power plant via a bypass pipeline bypassing the gas mixer with the ability to start up the stand-alone degassing unit. 5. Autonomous degassing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning module contains flame arresters, a cyclone separator, fine dust filter from fine dust, a settling tank with a fill level indicator in the form of a level sensor, an evacuation pump, a system for determining the evacuated MVC and a system control of methane content in the form of a methane concentration sensor. 6. Autonomous degassing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a system for monitoring the composition of air in the form of a methane sensor, an emergency ventilation fan and an autonomous automatic fire extinguishing system, ensuring the safe operation of the declared installation.

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