RU2682144C1 - Method of protecting ground objects from high-precision ammunition homing at infrared radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for protecting ground objects from high-precision ammunition homing at infrared radiation. To protect ground objects on a ground object, a ground station is installed on a ground object with a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle (TUAV) equipped with a gyro-stabilized television camera with infrared illumination and a motion detection sensor, a power cable, a multifunctional cable, a hinge mechanism, a circular shooting launcher, an interface device with a regular radio station of a ground object, remotely operated fastening elements of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle to a ground station, approaching attacking ammunition is detected, recognized, classified, a signal of the fact of the use of HPW equipment by means of detection is formed and transmitted to all ground objects, a threat signal is formed by a regular radio station of a ground object and relayed to the interface device mounted on the TUAV, with which it generates a trigger signal of the remotely controlled TUAV mounting elements, the launch of its traction motors and it is raised to a predetermined height, a signal to activate the launcher of the circular shooting is formed and a set of heat flare is shot-off.EFFECT: increased reliability of the protection of the ground object.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons, namely, devices for setting false targets for homing and self-aiming combat elements of high-precision weapons in order to protect ground targets.

A known method of protecting a moving ground object from detection and destruction by high-precision weapons with infrared homing heads and a shielding device for its implementation [1], which consists in withdrawing from the motor-transmission compartment of the moving ground object through the exhaust windows of the exhaust heat flow exhaust system using an additional shielding a device installed in the aft of a movable ground object, while the heat flow of exhaust gases is directed along the inner surface of the shielding device tangentially to it so that the maximum temperature contrast with the environment is at least 1.0 m away from the rear of the object, and then the direction of the longitudinal movement of the heat flux is changed by an angle of 90 ... 120 ° relative to its original directions of movement towards the dirt surface.

The use of this method is hindered by the following disadvantages:

Detection of approaching high-precision enemy ammunition is not carried out, which reduces the readiness of the object of defense to repulse the attack;

the location of false thermal targets on the shielding device and the earth’s surface increases the time until the counter precision enemy ammunition is counteracted, thereby reducing the object’s defense efficiency and increasing the enemy’s high-precision munition (VTB) for target selection;

a high probability of indirect damage to the object of protection, since the operation of high-precision ammunition occurs at a distance equal only to the distance of formation of false thermal targets;

insufficient volume of protected space, which requires an increase in the number of false thermal targets.

In the source [2, p. 79-80] considered a method of protecting weapons and military equipment (IWT) from the enemy’s VTB with infrared (ROS) homing heads (GOS). To protect against the defeat of ammunition with infrared (thermal) homing heads at a distance from the military equipment, false thermal targets (LTC) are installed. As LTC, catalytic wick heaters are used.

The use of this method is hindered by the following disadvantages:

Detection of approaching high-precision enemy ammunition is not carried out, which reduces the readiness of the object of defense to repulse the attack;

there is no possibility of automatic protection of the object in motion;

false thermal targets are included in the event of a threat of an enemy attack, and not in case of an explicit attack, which leads to an overrun of material resources;

the location of the LTC on the surface of the earth increases the time until the enemy’s VTB counteracts, thereby reducing the efficiency of the object’s defense and increasing the enemy’s VTB capabilities in target selection;

low efficiency of the LTC installation in the form of catalytic wick heaters;

low mobility of the LTC in the form of catalytic wick heaters reduces the ability to quickly change the situation to ensure the protection of military and military equipment;

insufficient protected space, which requires an increase in the number of LTC.

There is a method of setting active interference by optoelectronic devices [3], which consists in the fact that at least two active emitters operating simultaneously in the spectral range of 0.4-14 μm are installed on a rotating tower of an object at a distance of 2-3 m from the earth’s surface and located at a distance of 5-7 m from each other. The emitters are automatically offset relative to the axis of the protected sample. In addition, emitters shoot back at a distance of 5-10 m when approaching high-precision weapons to a distance of less than 40 m. The technical result consists in increasing the speed and effectiveness of protection of weapons.

This method has the following disadvantages:

VTB detection is carried out directly in the area where the object of protection is located, which minimizes the time allotted for the activation of protective equipment and reduces the likelihood of VTB withdrawing to false targets;

interference sources are turned on in case of threat of an enemy attack, and not when the enemy’s VTB approaches the object of protection, which leads to overuse of protective equipment and their untimely deactivation;

the probability of indirect damage (fragments) of the object of protection is high, since the functioning of active emitters occurs at a distance equal only to the distance of their shooting;

insufficient volume of protected space, which requires an increase in the number of launchers for firing LTC.

Known systems for protecting objects [4, p. 217-218], for example, ships, from hitting missiles with thermal homing heads. They contain mortars, shells and containers with pyrotechnic elements. After firing, a pyrotechnic cloud forms, distracting missiles with thermal homing heads.

Known automated electronic warfare system "Sybil" indicated in the source [5, p. 170-172], consisting of a launcher for launching missiles equipped with single-use jammers and control equipment. False targets for guided missiles with thermal GOS are one of the options for equipping the ammunition of the installation.

The following disadvantages prevent the use of these systems:

the location of the launchers on the object of protection increases the time until the enemy counteracts the enemy’s VTB, thereby reducing the efficiency of the object’s defense and increasing the enemy’s ability to target the enemy;

protection systems equipment is too bulky and practically cannot be installed on small-sized objects.

Closest to the claimed and adopted as a prototype is a way to counter the main threats using a typical complex of active protection, indicated in the source [6], which consists in performing the following sequence of operations:

detection, recognition, classification of approaching attacking ammunition and threat analysis;

escort of attacking ammunition, selection of countermeasures;

making decisions on the use of countermeasures;

the defeat of the attacking ammunition or the reduction of its threat with the help of the selected means of counteraction at a certain interception point.

As the disadvantages of the method of countering the main threats with the use of a typical complex of active protection (prototype), the following should be noted:

the damaging elements of the active defense complex are capable of causing damage both to the object of protection and to objects located nearby, since the operation of the attacking ammunition occurs at a distance equal only to the shooting distance of countermeasures .;

not used the possibility of passive protection from precision munitions;

detection of attacking ammunition is carried out directly in the area of the object of defense, which minimizes the time allocated for the activation of protective equipment, and reduces the likelihood of counteraction to attacking ammunition;

insufficient protected space, which requires an increase in the number of launchers for the shooting of countermeasures.

The proposed method of protecting ground objects from high-precision ammunition homing on infrared radiation can be used to protect ground objects from weapons with infrared homing heads.

The technical result consists in increasing the readiness of the protected ground object to repulse the attack, reducing the likelihood of indirect damage to the protected ground object and reducing the number of launchers for shooting false targets when protecting the ground object.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the prototype method, which involves detecting, recognizing, classifying approaching attacking ammunition, decides on the use of countermeasures, additionally, a ground station with a fixed unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a gyro-stabilized television camera with infrared light and motion detection sensor, power cable, multi-function cable, swivel mechanism, launcher of a circular firing, a device for interfacing with a standard radio station of a ground object, remotely controlled fastening elements of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle to a ground station, generate a signal about the use of WTO means by detection means, transmit a signal about the fact of using WTO means to all ground objects, form a threat signal of using high-precision of ammunition by a regular radio station of a ground object, a threat signal is relayed to an interface device mounted on a tethered helicopter, the threat signal is received by the interface device, which generates a response signal of the remotely controlled fastening elements of the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle and the launch of traction electric motors of the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle, the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle is raised to a predetermined height, an activation signal for the circular shooting launcher is generated, and shooting is performed a set of false thermal targets launcher circular shooting.

The analysis made it possible to establish that analogues that characterize the totality of features that are identical to all the features of the claimed method are absent, which indicates the compliance of the claimed method with the condition of patentability “novelty”.

Search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the claimed object from the prototype showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The prior art also did not reveal the popularity of the impact provided by the essential features of the claimed invention, the transformations on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

"Industrial applicability" of the method is due to the presence of the element base, on the basis of which devices that implement this method can be made.

The claimed method is illustrated by drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an implementation of a method for protecting ground objects from high-precision munitions homing on infrared radiation;

FIG. 2 - tethered unmanned aerial vehicle;

FIG. 3 is an algorithm of a method for protecting ground objects from high-precision munitions homing on infrared radiation.

The claimed method can be explained using the implementation scheme of a method for protecting ground objects from high-precision munitions homing on infrared radiation, as shown in FIG. 1, where 1 - standard means of detection, 2 - means of communication between detection means 1 fact of using WTO means and protected ground objects, 3 - ground object, 4 - ground station, 5 - tethered unmanned aerial vehicle, 6 - gyro-stabilized television camera, 7 - power cable, 8 - multifunctional cable, 9 - hinge mechanism, 10 - launcher of circular shooting, 11 - device for interfacing with the standard radio station of a ground object, 12 - standard radio station, 13 - remotely controlled mounting elements, 14 - l thermal targets, 15 - high-precision ammunition, 16 - traction motors, 17 - lodgement, 18 - drum mechanism, 19 - electric motor, 20 - power cable, 21 - rectangular recesses, 22 - landing gear, 23 - flight controller, 24 - rotors, 25 - external beam of the case, 26 - thermo-housing, 27 - frame, 28-cylindrical axis, 29 - starting mortars, 30 - clouds producing radiation in the infrared range.

Established means of detecting 1 fact of the use of precision-guided weapons (WTOs) are provided by the Air Force of the Air Defense Units (Air Defense) of the Ground Forces, which are designed to cover and protect air defense units from enemy air strikes, as well as to conduct reconnaissance of the air enemy and alert them their troops [7].

Communication means 2 between means of detecting 1 fact of using WTO means and protected ground objects 3 are regular radio stations.

The distance between the standard means of detecting 1 fact of using the WTO and protected ground objects 3 is determined by the communication range of the radio stations [8, p. 38-39]. Thus, high-precision munition 15 of the enemy can be detected at a considerable distance from the protected ground object.

Ground station 4 consists of a lodgement 17, a drum mechanism 18 for adjusting the power cable 7 and a multi-function cable 8, an electric motor 19 of a drum mechanism 18 for adjusting the power cable 7 and a multi-function cable 8, a power cable 20 from the on-board network of the ground object 3. On the lodgement 17 there are recesses 21 of rectangular shape, on the sides of which grooves are made, designed to accommodate the UAV 5 on the T-shaped chassis 22, which are fixed by a remotely controlled element mi fastenings 13 PBLA 5 to ground station 4.

The attached unmanned aerial vehicle 5 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) is a multi-rotor aircraft, for example, a hexacopter, and contains a body with a gyro-stabilized television camera 6 with infrared illumination and a motion detection sensor mounted on it, a power cable 7, a multi-function cable 8 , articulated mechanism 9, launcher of circular shooting 10, a device for interfacing 11 with a standard radio station 12 of a ground object 3, remote-controlled fasteners 13 of a tethered unmanned pilot of the second apparatus 5 to the ground station 4, mounted on a T-shaped landing gear 22, flight controller 23 with a three-axis gyroscope and accelerometer (not shown), six traction motors 16 with rotors 24 and electronic controllers (not shown), each of which is located on corresponding remote beam 25 of the housing. In this case, the screws are installed with the possibility of both joint and separate from each other changes in traction force, the chassis 22 for the hexacopter, made in the form of two T-shaped beams of lightweight strong metal, for example, titanium or its alloys, which are fixed on the body of the UAV 5.

The multifunctional cable 8 provides power and control of the UAV 5. Remote-controlled fasteners 13 of the UAV 5 to the ground station 4 are presented in the form of electromechanical motor locks (not shown), which include microelectric motors (not shown) that control the crossbars (deadbolts) (not shown), which are pulled out in different directions, fixing the chassis 22 of the UAV 5 in the recesses 21 of the lodgement 17 of the ground station 4. Remote-controlled fasteners 13 of the UAV 5 to the ground station 4 are mounted on T-shaped w Assi 22 ПБЛА 5 for ensuring its reliable fixing, for example, four units for each chassis. The choice of the number of traction motors 16 on the UAV 5 is due to the increased carrying capacity of hexacopters compared to quadrocopters [9, p. 676-680].

The reconnaissance tool at the ground object 3 is represented by a gyrostabilized television camera 6 with infrared illumination and a motion detection sensor with a function for detecting changes in the circular viewing band scanning the surrounding space with a viewing angle of 360 ° horizontally and 180 ° vertically.

The gyro-stabilized television camera 6 is equipped with a 26 aluminum alloy casing equipped with a heating system (not shown). The heating system consists of a resistor heater (not shown) located near the inspection glass of the camera with a temperature controller (not shown), which allows the heating element to be switched on and off automatically in stand-alone mode, increasing the efficiency of maintaining the temperature optimal for the operation of the surveillance camera. The use of infrared illumination in the camera makes it possible to conduct surveillance in the "day-night" mode throughout the day. The camera motion detection sensor (not shown) in the form of an electronic unit stores in memory the reference image from the camera recorded at the beginning of the observation, compares it with the current image and gives an alarm when changes occur. The gyro-stabilized television camera 6 with infrared illumination and a motion detection sensor is maximally adapted not only to day-night conditions, but also to an optical image, recording the detection of changes in the panoramic horizontal and vertical viewing range. Thermo-housing 26 with a heating system makes it possible to ensure the operability of the gyrostabilized television camera 6 with the function of registering detection of changes in the field of view at low temperatures and protecting its glazing from fogging. The gyro-stabilized television camera 6 is mounted on a frame 27, which consists of a base with four legs of titanium alloy mounted on the body of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle 5 and monitors in the upper hemisphere.

The means of activating the simulation tools located on the UAV 5 are represented by a circular firing launcher 10 with an electric ammunition launch system, consisting of a cylindrical axis 28 and n starting mortars 29, for example, in the amount of six units, with electrical contacts (for launching ammunition) in one gulp) with an elevation angle of 40 degrees in the vertical plane to ensure the maximum range of false thermal targets 14 [10, p. 60].

The caliber of the launcher circular shooting 10 is 50 mm The choice of caliber is due to the fact that products with pyrotechnic means on aircraft carriers designed to form false thermal targets of a caliber of 50 mm have already been developed, tested and adopted [11, p. 199-204].

Means of simulating targets in the infrared range are represented by false thermal targets 14 in the form of ammunition containing a cylindrical body closed on top with a dropable cap, and on the bottom a contact head containing an ignition-blow charge with an electric igniter (not shown). The payload in the form of a pyrotechnic, propellant, and ignition-blow charge (the listed elements of ammunition are not shown in the diagram) is laid in sections inside the hull. The projectile is capable of axial rotation, and the pyrotechnic charge in the form of a set of combustible ring-shaped elements is stacked in two pairs of half-cylinders and compressed on both sides by a movable piston and the bottom of the housing. Each ring-shaped element is made on the basis of fiberglass, impregnated with a composition forming the RH radiation, and fire-retardant material is applied to it. The ammunition used by the launcher can have various equipment options with electronic countermeasures, depending on the tasks performed.

The way to protect ground objects from homing infrared radiation of high-precision ammunition operates as follows (figure 3):

A ground station 4 is installed with a UAV 5, equipped with a gyro-stabilized television camera 6 with infrared illumination and a motion detection sensor, a power cable 7, a multi-function cable 8, a pivot mechanism 9, a circular firing launcher 10, an interface device 11 with a standard radio station 12 of a ground object 3 , remotely controlled fasteners 13 of the UAV 5 to the ground station 4 (bl. 31, Fig. 3).

Detect, recognize, classify approaching attacking ammunition (bl. 32, Fig. 3).

Decide on the use of countermeasures (bl. 33, Fig. 3).

Upon detection of high-precision ammunition 15 standard means of detection 1 form a signal about the fact of the use of precision weapons (WTO) (bl. 34, Fig. 3). The signal about the fact of using the WTO means is transmitted to all ground objects 3 by means of communication 2 between the means for detecting 1 fact of using the WTO means and protected ground objects 3 (bl. 35, Fig. 3).

The regular radio station 12 of the ground object 3 generates a threat signal for the use of high-precision ammunition 15 (bl. 36, Fig. 3), which is relayed to the interface device 11 with the standard radio station 12 of the ground object 3 (bl. 37, Fig. 3) mounted on a tethered unmanned aircraft 5. The threat signal is received by the interface device 11 (bl. 38, Fig. 3), which generates a response signal of the remotely controlled fasteners 13 of the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle 5 and the launch of traction electric motors 16 of the tethered espilotnogo aircraft 5 (plaque. 39, FIG. 3). The interface device 11 acts on the microelectromotors of the remote-controlled fasteners 13 of the UAV 5 and they take the bolts (bolts) to their original position, freeing the chassis 22 of the UAV 5. The multi-function cable 8 provides electrical and communication control of the ground station 4 with the UAV 5. The traction motors are launched 16 and the excess of the lifting force of the main rotors 24 of the weight of the aircraft 5, the latter begins to rise up, pulling through the hinge mechanism 9 power cable 7, multifunction cable 8 from the drum mechanism 18 for adjusting the power cable 7 and the multi-function cable 8 located on the ground station 4. The power cable 7 is connected to the body of the UAV 5 through the hinge mechanism 9. The design of the drum mechanism 18 with the brake device is made so that the power cable 7 is constantly was in a tense position when the height of the hanging tethered unmanned aerial vehicle 5. th vehicle 5 to a predetermined height (bl. 40, FIG. 3). The hovering height of ПБЛА 5 with additional reconnaissance means is set automatically or by adjusting the length of the power cable 7 remotely from the operator’s control panel. When the aircraft 5 reaches a predetermined hovering height, the environment is monitored using equipment installed on the UAV 5. In the absence of wind loads, the UAV 5 in hovering mode is located almost vertically above the ground station 4, held by a stretched low-tension power cable 7. When exposed to wind or air loads associated with the movement of the ground object 3, control and stabilization of the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle 5 pitch, the roll is carried out automatically by well-known techniques for controlling multicopter - changing the thrust of the rotors 24. Depending on the impact of air flow on ПБЛА 5 (at its cabling or diving) correspondingly change the parameters of the signals of the three-axis gyroscope and accelerometer. Having the necessary information, the control flight controller 23 generates a separate signal for each electronic controller of each electric motor 16, leading to a change in the rotational speed of the corresponding rotor 24.

In this case, the angular position of the UAV 5 relative to the horizontal changes and it stabilizes relative to the air flow. Thus, the correction of the position of the UAV 5 in space. When detecting changes in the environment (approaching high-precision munition 15 of the enemy) with a gyrostabilized television camera 6 with infrared illumination and a motion detection sensor at a given distance, a signal is generated to activate the circular firing launcher 10 (bl. 41, Fig. 3). Next, with the help of the launcher 10, a set of false thermal targets 14 is shot in the airspace of 360 ° in azimuth (bl. 42, Fig. 3).

Launcher circular shooting 10 operates as follows. An electric igniter is triggered by a command pulse and a volley launch of ammunition with false thermal targets is made 14. As a result, bright flashes are formed at a given distance in airspace of 360 ° in azimuth, and then high-temperature false thermal targets are formed in the form of clouds 30 producing radiation in the infrared range .

After undermining the enemy’s VTB 15 and the absence of danger, the detection system 1 of the fact of the use of the WTO generates a no-danger signal and transmits it to the radio station 12 of the ground object 3. At the ground object 3 by the signal of the absence of danger of the use of the WTO by the enemy or by the signal of the operator from the remote control, ПБЛА 5 is put into transport position.

A regular radio station 12 of ground object 3 or an operator using a remote control generates a signal that there is no threat of the enemy using high-precision munitions 15, a no threat signal is relayed to the interface device 11 with a standard radio station 12 of ground object 3, and the absence of a threat signal is received by the interface device 11 that generates a signal multifunctional cable to the electric motor 19 of the drive of the drum mechanism 18 for adjusting the power cable 7 and multifunctionally a cable 8, the electric motor 19 acts on the drum drive mechanism 18 for adjusting the power cable 7 and 8 multifunctional cable, carrying cable pulling force via a hinge mechanism 7 9 5 PBLA to the ground station 4. Traction motors 16 PBLA 5 during this process are not disabled. ПБЛА 5 when reaching the ground station 4 is placed and automatically fixed in the lodgement 17, intended for its transportation and storage, using remotely controlled mounting elements 13 of the ББЛА 5 to the ground station 4. In this case, the traction motors 16 of the screw drives 24 are turned off automatically when the chassis contact 22 PBLA 5 with a cradle 17 and fixing it with remotely controlled fasteners 13 to the ground station 4.

The distance at which the enemy’s VTB is detected and the launcher is activated is selected taking into account the conditions for the effective use of false thermal targets, provided by the synchronization of the moment of firing of thermal targets with the moment of approaching enemy ammunition [12, p. 114-118]. At the same time, the detection of high-precision enemy ammunition is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, high-precision enemy ammunition is detected by standard means of detecting the use of WTO means, at the second stage, by means of additional reconnaissance of the protected ground object, represented by a gyro-stabilized television camera mounted on a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle. In this regard, the time allocated for the activation of protective equipment is increasing and the likelihood of diverting high-precision enemy ammunition to false targets increases. In addition, the gyrostabilized television camera is mounted on a frame consisting of a base with four legs of titanium alloy mounted on the body of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle and monitors in the upper hemisphere, which increases the protection of the ground object from high-precision munitions attacking from the upper hemisphere .

When approaching the enemy’s high-precision munition at a predetermined distance, the high-temperature false thermal target should have equal or higher temperature contrast to the background of the protection object. The activation of a false thermal target is carried out taking into account the time of its existence and the creation of a time deficit for the selection of the enemy's VTB target. The launcher for shooting false thermal targets is made with the possibility of circular shooting, due to the need to protect against high-precision enemy ammunition flying to a ground object in 360 ° airspace in azimuth [12, p. 114-118], which increases the amount of space to be protected and leads to a reduction in the number of launchers for shooting false targets.

Distances between the ground armored object and the unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle and false thermal targets are selected taking into account the possibility of ensuring the safety of the ground armored object and the unmanned aerial vehicle from the damaging effects of high-precision munitions of the enemy, as well as increasing the likelihood of false thermal targets falling into the field of view of the attacking ground-based armored object of the high-precision munition [12, . 114-118; 13, p. 61-66; fourteen].

The firing of high-precision enemy ammunition occurs at distances equal to the sum of the distances between the protected ground object and the activated tethered unmanned aerial vehicle activated by the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle and formed by high-temperature false thermal targets. In this regard, the likelihood of indirect damage to the protected ground object from the damaging effects of high-precision enemy ammunition is reduced.

Thus, the technical result is achieved.

INFORMATION SOURCES

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Claims (1)

A method of protecting ground objects from high-precision ammunition homing on infrared radiation, which consists in detecting, recognizing, classifying approaching attack ammunition, deciding on the use of countermeasures, characterized in that a ground station with a fixed unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a fixed unmanned aerial vehicle is installed gyro-stabilized television camera with infrared illumination and motion detection sensor, power cable, multi-function a cable, a swivel mechanism, a circular shooting launcher, a device for interfacing with a standard radio station of a ground object, remotely controlled fastening elements of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle to a ground station, generate a signal about the use of WTO means by means of detection, transmit a signal about the fact of using WTO means to all ground objects , form a threat signal for the use of high-precision munitions by a regular radio station of a ground object, the threat signal is relayed to the device your pairing, mounted on a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle, the threat signal is received by a pairing device that generates a response signal of remotely controlled fastening elements of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle and starting the traction electric motors of a tethered unmanned aerial vehicle, the tethered unmanned aerial vehicle is raised to a predetermined height, and a trigger activation signal is generated installations of circular shooting, make shooting of a set of false thermal targets Uskova installing circular shooting.

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