RU2670590C1 - Sock for sowing seeds and fertilizers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; engineering industry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to seed shoes for underground widespread seeding of crops and fertilization. Sock for seeding and fertilizing includes stand (1) with an upper bracket (9), burster point (2), fertilizer hose (3), a seeder (4) with a spring element (8). On the upper bracket (9) of stand (1) limiter (11) of spring element (8) is fixed, limiter (10) of seeder (4) and electromagnet (12), which transmits periodic electromagnetic signals given depending on the structure of soil, coming from controlled device located in the cab of tractor. Seeder (4) is fixed by means of axis (5) with a bracket (6) of seeder (4), which is connected to the lower bracket (9) of stand (1) by bolt joint for returning seeder (4) to starting position after the force on the side of electromagnet (12) is ceased.EFFECT: provides more even distribution of seeds in depth, increased yields of grain crops and reduced traction resistance in implementation of controlled process of soil compaction.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to the coulters of seed drills for sub-soil widespread seeding of seeds of agricultural crops and fertilization.

Known combined unit for soil preparation and sowing crops (patent RU 2195096 AV 49/06, AV 49/04, AV 49/02, A01C 7/20), including a frame with support wheels and loosening working bodies in the form of flat-cutting legs. The unit also includes a bunker for sowing seeds and fertilizers, openers for sowing seeds with a seed distributor, openers for feeding fertilizers, press rollers. The opener for the fertilizer feed and the opener for seeding seeds are installed coaxially on the stand of the flat-cutter with the possibility of adjustment relative to each other along the height of the stand. The feed edge of the opener for feeding fertilizer is located at the level of the cutting edge of the flat-cutter's paw. Fertilizers are sown below seed level. Soil compaction is carried out due to the shape of the seed dispenser, made at an angle to the surface of the field, as well as press rollers, compacting the surface of the field.

The disadvantage of this unit is the sticking of the seed distributor and the impossibility of precisely controlling the density of the soil layer between the seeds and fertilizers without replacing the seed distributor with a seed distributor of another shape.

Known combined opener (AS USSR №304901, CL A01S 7/20, 1970), containing paw, socket, comb, flanging, distributor with a triangular protrusion, sowing crop crops with simultaneous fertilization, for example, dry herbicides, wide tape above the seeded row for weed control.

The disadvantages of this opener include the impossibility of compacting the soil layer between seeds and fertilizers, and also because the seeds are sown below the level of fertilizers, the plant does not provide optimal nutrition through the root system in the first days.

The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is the opener (RU 2348141 C1 А01С 7/20), containing a stand, a loosening paw, a tukoprovod and a seed-laying machine. Seed-laying machine is rigidly fixed on the coulter bracket and equipped with a comb-compactor. The comb-compactor is clamped at one end on the vertical channel of the seed-laying machine by means of an annular collar, and the other end is connected with the spring element. The spring element allows the comb-compactor to oscillate with the formation of a dynamic spot of its contact with the soil.

A disadvantage of this device is the lack of active influence of the spring element on the soil layer, as a result of which the formation of the required density of the soil layer between the seeds and fertilizers is not ensured without structural changes to the spring element.

The task of the invention is a more uniform distribution of seeds in depth, increasing the yield of grain crops and reducing traction resistance in the implementation of a controlled process of compaction of the soil layer.

This task is solved by the opener for sowing seeds and fertilizing containing a rack with a top bracket, a loosening paw, a tukoprovod, a seed laying with a spring element. Moreover, on the top bracket of the rack there are fixed a spring element stopper, a seed-bed limiter and an electromagnet, which transmits periodic electromagnetic signals set depending on the soil structure, coming from a controlled device located in the tractor cab, while the seed-branch is fixed by means of an axis with a seed-bracket bracket that is connected to the bottom bracket of the rack by bolting to return the seed handler to its original position after the termination of the force hand electromagnet.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 - the opener diagram is shown, side view;

FIG. 2 - the opener diagram is shown, rear view.

The opener for sowing seeds and fertilizing (Fig. 1) consists of a rack 1, a loosening paw 2, a pipeline 3, a seed wrap 4 (Fig. 2), which has a movable connection by means of an axis 5 with a seed wrap bracket 6, which is bolted to the lower bracket rack 7, is connected rigidly with the rack 1. The spring element 8 is fixed with a seed-bolt 4 bolted connection. On the top bracket of the rack 9, bolt-mounted fasteners limiters 10 and 11, electromagnet 12.

The opener for sowing seeds and fertilizing works as follows. When the coulter penetrates into the soil, the loosening paw 2 opens a furrow into which fertilizer is laid through the tukovka 3 located inside the rack 1. Through the seed line, the seeds enter the seed-laying machine 4 and are distributed in the seed planting area. Forced oscillatory movements of the seed generator 4, contributing to the compaction of the soil layer, are carried out as follows. The electromagnet 12 receives a control signal corresponding to the type and properties of the treated soil from the control device located in the tractor cabin. When an electromagnet 12 is applied to the seed generator 4 by an electromagnetic field, the seed seedling 4 rotates around axis 5 by an angle a, the value of which is adjusted by shifting the limiter 10 along the strut bracket 9 to the amplitude corresponding to the soil structure at the time of sowing. Return seedline 4 to its original position contributes to the spring 8, the rigidity of which is adjusted by shifting the stopper 11, mounted on the upper bracket of the rack 9 by bolting, in a position corresponding to one or another of the rigidity. For soil with some indicators of moisture, density, looseness, stickiness, which are measured before sowing, the amplitude, frequency of vibration and the power of the electromagnet influence on the seed-laying machine 4 are set one, and for soil with other indicators - others. Thus, the selection of regimes corresponding to the type of soil ensures the compaction of the soil layer between the seeds and fertilizers to the limits set by the agrotechnical requirements.

Claims (1)

The opener for sowing seeds and fertilizing, containing a stand with an upper bracket, a loosening paw, a tukoprovod, a seedling with a spring element, characterized in that the limiter of the spring element, the limiter of the seed-laying, and an electromagnet, which transmits the soil-dependent parameters, are fixed on the upper bracket of the rack periodic electromagnetic signals coming from a controlled device located in the tractor cabin, while the seed-laying device is fixed by means of an axis with a sem bracket a binder that is connected to the lower bracket of the rack by bolting to return the seed handler to its original position after the termination of the force from the electromagnet.

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