RU2667089C2 - Cacao beans milling method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: during the process of the method implementation, the cacao beans are poured into the receiving hopper, the crushed cacao collection tray is installed in the crushed cacao compartment and the bag for cacao beans collection is attached to the aspiration source of the suitable size. Then the crushing unit and the source of aspiration are turned on. The cacao beans are continuously supplied from the receiving hopper to the crushing unit. The roller of the crushing unit mills the cacao beans and supplies the ground raw material on the inclined guide plates of the separator, through which the raw material under the gravity force is rolled from one inclined guide plate to the other. The source of aspiration creates the low pressure in the separator housing and sucks the cacaowell into the bag. The crushed cacao are rolled down the inclined guide plates due to the gravity force into the crushed cacao collection tray.

EFFECT: cacao beans processing productivity increase.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the confectionery field of the food industry and can be used for the processing of cocoa beans [A23G 1/00, A23G 1/02].

A DEVICE FOR GRINDING Cocoa Beans is known from the technical field [USSR patent for invention No. 1521428], comprising a housing, a cover with coolant channels and two coaxially arranged horizontal hollow shafts, on each of which a disk with protruding pins arranged in concentric rows is vertically mounted so that the pins of one disk are placed between the pins of another disk, alternating concentric grooves of a triangular and trapezoidal profiles are made on the surfaces of the disks from the side of the placement of the pins lei. The specified device implements a method for grinding cocoa beans, characterized in that the cocoa beans are fed into the hollow horizontal shaft, centrifugally thrown onto the shaft walls, crushed and transported along spiral grooves to the central part of the device. Under the action of centrifugal force, the crushed cocoa beans move from the center to the walls of the casing and are crushed as a result of impacts on the pins and surfaces of the grooves located on the working surfaces of the disks, after which the crushed cocoa beans fall on the walls of the casing and are cooled by the device constantly circulating in the channel coolant flow down the walls and out of the device.

A disadvantage of the analogue is the low quality of cocoa nibs removal from cocoa shells, as well as the low productivity of grinding cocoa beans.

Known MACHINERY AND APPARATUS DIAGRAM OF THE PRODUCTION LINE [http://www.studfiles.ru/preview/6069046/page:7/], at one stage of which cocoa beans are loaded into a crushing, cleaning and sorting machine in which beans are crushed into pieces consisting of cocoa nibs and cocoa velles, then the crushed mixture is divided on sieves into several fractions for more complete separation of the nibs from cocoa nibs, after which the mixture is fed to an aspiration machine, in which cocoa is sifted from the nibs Well from the suction machine, cocoa vellou is fed into a cyclone, then unloaded into a bag, and cocoa nibs is fed by a pneumatic conveyor through a magnetic separator into a feed hopper. The disadvantage of this analogue is the design complexity, large mass and dimensional indicators, as well as low productivity due to the large number of technological steps necessary for grinding and sorting cocoa beans.

The closest in technical essence is the Crusher with Separator for Cocoa Beans KADZAMA [http://kadzama.ru/shop/oborudovanie/drobilka-s-separatorom-dlja-kakao-bobov-crusher-for-cocoa-beans.html], containing a housing in which a centrifugal crusher and a separator are arranged, made in the form of a cyclone filter, under which there is a tray for collecting cocoa nibs, the outlet of the cyclone filter through the air duct communicates with a tray for collecting cocoa shells. This crusher implements a method for grinding cocoa beans, characterized in that a tray for collecting cocoa nibs is installed under the separator, and a tray for collecting cocoa beans is installed in another compartment, after which the crushing mechanism is turned on and cocoa beans are poured into a centrifugal crusher in small portions. in which, due to the centrifugal forces, the cocoa beans are thrown onto the walls of the crusher and crushed, after which the raw materials are fed into a cyclone filter for cleaning cocoa shells. In the cyclone filter, the cocoa vell is separated from the cocoa nibs by circular air flows and sent to the cocoa pan for collecting cocoa nibs, while the cocoa nib is fed to the cocoa nibs by gravity. The disadvantage of the prototype is the low productivity of the processing of cocoa beans, which is due to the significant downtime due to the periodic pouring of cocoa beans into the crushing mechanism and the need to turn off the crusher to replace the pallets for collecting cocoa strong and cocoa shells.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the processing capacity of cocoa beans for crushing and separating cocoa shells (husks).

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the claimed method of grinding cocoa beans, characterized in that under the separator set the tray for collecting cocoa nibs, then turn on the crushing mechanism and pour cocoa beans into it, characterized in that it is originally cocoa the beans are poured into the receiving hopper and a bag for collecting cocoa shells is attached to the suction source of an appropriate size, after which the crushing mechanism and the source of aspiration are turned on, while the grinding hopper from the receiving hopper is continuous but they supply cocoa beans, the roll of the crushing mechanism grinds the cocoa beans and feeds the ground raw materials to the inclined guide plates of the separator, through which the raw materials slide from one inclined guide plate to another, while the source of aspiration creates a reduced pressure in the separator body and it sucks cocoa vell in a bag, and cocoa nibs are collected in a pallet, where it falls under the action of gravity along inclined guide plates.

In particular, the speed of rotation of the roll of the crushing mechanism is controlled.

In particular, the separation of the milled raw materials is carried out by creating turbulent flows and discharging the air separator with a cocoa shell source of aspiration from the casing of the separator.

In particular, the volumes of the bag for collecting cocoa shells and the pallet for cocoa nibs are selected based on the processed volume of cocoa beans.

A brief description of the drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a device for grinding cocoa beans.

In FIG. 2 is a general view of a mock-up of a device for grinding cocoa beans.

The figures indicate: 1 - housing, 2 - inclined guide plates, 3 - compartment for receiving cocoa nibs, 4 - tray for collecting cocoa nibs, 5 - roll of the crushing mechanism, 6 - electric motor of the crushing mechanism, 7 - receiving hopper for cocoa beans, 8 - duct, 9 - source of aspiration, 10 - bag for collecting cocoa shells, 11 - shielding panel, 12 - control unit.

The implementation of the invention

The method can be implemented using a device for grinding cocoa beans, which contains a separator made in the form of a housing 1 (see Fig. 1), inside of which in a cascade, one under the other across the entire width of the housing 1 mounted inclined guide plates 2. Under inclined the plates 2 in the housing 1 have a compartment for receiving cocoa nibs 3, in which a tray for collecting cocoa nibs 4 is placed (see Fig. 2). A hole is made in the upper part of the separator body 1, on top of which a roll of the grinding mechanism 5 is mounted, which is connected by a gear to an electric motor 6. A receiving hopper for cocoa beans is mounted above the roll of the grinding mechanism 5. A hole is made in the rear wall of the housing 1, to which an air duct 8 is connected, connected at the other end to an aspiration source 9, on which a removable bag for collecting cocoa shells 10 is mounted. In the upper part of the separator body 1 from the side of the air duct connecting hole 8 is mounted The vertical shielding panel 11. A control unit 12 is installed in the front wall of the housing 1, the control outputs of which are connected to the motors of the crushing mechanism 6 and the suction device 9.

The suction device 9 is made in the form of a centrifugal fan, to which an electric motor is connected.

The side panels of the housing 1 can be made of transparent material to control the process of separation of ground raw cocoa beans.

The method of grinding cocoa beans is implemented as follows.

Before starting the device, the operator puts 7 cocoa beans into the receiving hopper for cocoa beans, installs a tray for collecting cocoa beans 4 in the compartment for cocoa beans 3 and attaches a bag for collecting cocoa beans 10 to the suction source 9, while the dimensions of the tray 4 and bag 10 are selected based on the processed volume of cocoa beans. After that, the operator starts from the control unit 12 the engine of the crushing mechanism 6 and the source of aspiration 9. Cocoa beans under the influence of gravity are continuously fed to the roll of the crushing mechanism 5, where they are crushed. The ground raw material enters the inclined guide plate 2, through which, under the action of gravity, the raw material rolls from one inclined guide plate 2 to another. The suction source 9 creates a reduced pressure in the separator body 1 due to the removal of air from it, and turbulent flows arise, which pick up cocoa shells from the surface of the raw material and accumulate them through a duct 8 in a bag for collecting cocoa shells 10. Cocoa nibs rolls on plates 2 into a tray for collecting cocoa nibs 4.

The technical result of the invention is an increase in the productivity of processing cocoa beans due to the fact that cocoa beans are continuously fed from a hopper for cocoa beans 7 to the roll of the crushing mechanism 5, and the volume of the tray for collecting cocoa nibs 4 and a bag for collecting cocoa Wells 10 are selected based on the processed volume of cocoa beans, which reduces the average downtime of the device.

In 2016, the applicant made a mock-up of a device for grinding cocoa beans, trial operation, which was confirmed by the claimed technical result. To verify the claimed technical result, 100 kg of cocoa beans were crushed, for which 10 portions of 10 kg of cocoa beans were successively poured into the receiving hopper 7, while the device was stopped only 4 times to replace the pallet for cocoa nibs 4, the total idle time of the device was 2 min, which is 60 ... 70% less than the average idle time of the prototype. During the grinding of the indicated amount of cocoa beans, the bag for collecting cocoa shells 10 did not have to be replaced, while after grinding all the cocoa beans, the filling of the bag 10 was 90%.

Claims (4)

1. A method of grinding cocoa beans, characterized in that a tray for collecting cocoa nibs is placed under the separator, after which the crushing mechanism is turned on and cocoa beans are poured into it, characterized in that the cocoa beans are initially poured into the receiving hopper and attached to a suction source of the appropriate size, a bag for collecting cocoa shells, after which the crushing mechanism and a source of aspiration are turned on, while cocoa beans are continuously fed into the crushing mechanism from the receiving hopper, the roll of the crushing mechanism grinds cocoa beans it feeds the ground raw material to the inclined guide plates of the separator, through which the raw material rolls under the influence of gravity from one inclined guide plate to another, while the source of aspiration creates a reduced pressure in the separator body and draws in cocoa bag and cocoa nibs are collected into the pallet, where it falls under the action of gravity along the inclined guide plates. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they regulate the speed of rotation of the roll of the crushing mechanism. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the separation of the milled raw materials is carried out by creating turbulent flows and exhausting the air separator from the casing of the separator with a cocoa shell source of aspiration. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the volumes of the bag for collecting cocoa shells and the pallet for cocoa nibs are selected based on the processed volume of cocoa beans.

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