RU2658386C2 - Plant for presowing processing of seeds by thermal and electromagnetic fields - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Plant for stationary presowing seed treatment containing a dielectric pipeline, device for heating seeds and an electromagnetic winding is proposed. In this case, the plant is a non-conducting housing, on the surface of which there are electromagnetic coils of wire, divided into several sections, inside the coil is a plane surface with partitions, allowing to regulate the passage time of soybean seeds.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to process seed treatment in order to reduce their germination period and increase growth rate.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to devices designed for pre-sowing processing of soybeans (legumes), and can be used in agricultural production for heat and electromagnetic processing.

Known installation for thermal and magnetic seed treatment [A.S. No. 961583. Publ. 09/30/1982, Bull. No. 36], consisting of a device for heating seeds, an inductor in the form of a winding, a seed treatment chamber in the form of a pipeline, an electromagnet, an auger for mixing and moving seeds. A vibrator is attached to the outer surface of the pipeline.

However, the known installation has the following disadvantages:

- increased energy intensity of the seed treatment process due to strong heating of the screw;

- low installation performance;

- increased crushing of seeds during processing due to the rigid fixation of the screw in the pipeline.

A known installation for treating seeds of agricultural crops with a thermal and electromagnetic field, consisting of a pipeline, a device for heating seeds, an electromagnetic winding, a spiral-screw mechanism and an electric motor with a starting device [No. 2011127342/13, publ. 07/05/2011, taken as a prototype].

However, this installation has several disadvantages:

- energy is expended separately for heating and the formation of an electromagnetic field;

- energy costs for the movement of seed material;

- insufficient heating of seed material;

- high power consumption of the device;

- high metal consumption;

- the complexity of manufacturing.

The technical problem is thermal and electromagnetic processing, reducing the period of seed germination, increasing the growth rate and increasing crop yields.

The technical solution is to create a device that allows you to process the seeds with a thermal and electromagnetic field by reducing energy consumption for the formation of heat and electromagnetic field.

The task is achieved by the fact that the proposed installation allows to reduce energy consumption for the movement of seed material, heat and electromagnetic processing. The installation is a dielectric housing (2), on the surface of which there are electromagnetic coils (1) from a wire (5) (see Fig. 1). The coil is divided into several sections. An alternating current value of 10-12 A is supplied to the ends of the coils (6). Inside the coil there is a plane (3) with partitions (4), which, depending on the angle of inclination, allow you to adjust the transit time of soybean seeds inside the coil. When passing through the plant, the seeds are treated with a thermal and electromagnetic field.

According to the Joule-Lenz law, current flows through the conductor, generating heat. In turn, the coil creates an electromagnetic field that acts on the seeds.

When the unit is turned on, the coils are heated to a temperature of about 100-120 ° C. Seeds moving inside the plant warm up to a temperature of 45-55 ° С. This temperature is the most favorable for biostimulating soybean seeds, prevents plant disease, and also accelerates the development of seeds. An electromagnetic field created by electromagnetic coils allows penetrating at the cellular level into seeds, thereby increasing the germination of plants.

The movement of seeds inside the unit is carried out by gravity. The principle of operation of the simplest gravity device is based on the property of flowability of seeds of agricultural crops moving along the tray of the gravity device in a continuous stream in one layer under the action of gravitational forces. The main characteristic of this flow is the speed of its movement, which determines the performance of the biostimulator and, in turn, depends on the parameters of the gravity flow device and the physicomechanical properties of the seeds: volumetric mass, humidity, frictional characteristics, etc.

Adjusting the speed of movement of seeds in the installation is carried out by raising or lowering one edge of the installation.

Turning sections of the installation on and off allows you to adjust the heating of seeds to the required temperature and the magnitude of the electromagnetic field acting on soybeans.

Claims (1)

Installation of stationary presowing seed treatment containing a dielectric pipeline, a device for heating seeds, an electromagnetic winding, characterized in that it is a dielectric casing, on the surface of which there are electromagnetic coils from a wire, divided into several sections, while inside the coil there is a plane with partitions, allowing you to adjust the transit time of soybean seeds.

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