RU2268570C2 - Method for stimulating of farm crop seeds and apparatus for performing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, treatment of farm crops.

SUBSTANCE: method involves exposing seeds placed into water to alternate electric current of 0.1-7 A, with water used for seed treatment having contrasting temperatures ranging between 0 C and 75 C and exposure time constituting 30 s for each range. Apparatus has working reservoir, seed hopper, and two thermostats for keeping contrasting water temperatures and supplying water into working reservoir. Apparatus is also equipped with control unit for controlling heat treatment process. Plate-shaped electrodes are built into opposite walls of working reservoir and connected to alternate current source.

EFFECT: increased germinating capacity, growth energy and vitality of seeds, and intensified growth of sprouts and development of root system.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used for presowing treatment of seeds.

Known methods of stimulation of seeds, in which the seeds placed in the water, act as a blast wave (RU 2083073 C1, 07/10/1997).

With this method of seed treatment, mechanical damage to the seeds can be observed, their embryos can be injured, which leads to a deterioration in sowing and economically valuable qualities grown from plant seeds.

Closest to the claimed method is a method of stimulating seeds in which seeds placed in water are exposed to a physical field factor, which uses an ultra-high frequency electromagnetic field (UHF) (SU 1802979 A1, 03/23/1993).

From the same source, a device is known that implements a method that includes a seed hopper, a working tank for treating seeds in water, and a microwave source.

In the known method, water with seeds is heated to 48-52 ° C, which does not provide maximum saturation of seeds with water, accelerating the process of activation of seeds and significantly affects the quality of the stimulating effect of seed treatment.

The aim of the invention is to increase the germination of seeds, germination energy and viability, as well as accelerating the growth of seedlings and the development of their root system.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a method including a water-thermal treatment of seeds, water of contrasting temperatures selected from a range from 0 to 75 ° C for 30 seconds each is used to stimulate the latter, while an alternating electric current from 0 is passed through the seed treatment water, 1 to 7 A.

In addition, water of contrasting temperatures of 20 ° C and 40 ° C, for 30 seconds each, is taken for cucumber seeds for 5-30 minutes, and the amount of current passed through the water is selected in the range from 1 to 5 A.

A device for stimulating seeds, including a working tank and a hopper for seeds, for implementing the method of stimulation, is equipped with two thermostats to maintain the contrasting temperatures of the water and supplying it to the working tank, and a control unit for the process of water-thermal treatment. Electrodes in the form of plates connected to an AC voltage source are mounted in opposite walls of the working capacity.

A seed stimulation device is shown in FIG.

The device includes two thermostats 1 and 2, maintaining the specified contrasting water temperatures and periodically communicating with the working capacity 3, in which two electrodes 4 are mounted in the form of copper plates located on its opposite walls. The electrodes 4 are connected to an AC voltage source (not shown). The device also has a hopper 5 for seeds and a control unit 6 for the process of water-thermal treatment with a time switch (not shown). Thermostats 1 and 2 communicate with capacity 3 using pumps 7.

Device stimulation of seeds works as follows.

Dry seeds are placed in the hopper 5, where they are located until the control unit 6 receives a signal to open the hopper shutter 5. Thermostats 1, 2 maintain the set contrasting water temperatures, thanks to the heating elements and contact electric thermometers. When the water reaches the set temperature, the pumps 7 are turned on, mounted in thermostats 1, 2, to supply water of contrasting temperatures from each thermostat 1 or 2 to the tank 3 in order to wet the seeds that have precipitated from the hopper 5 at the same time as the pumps are turned on, and an alternating voltage is applied to electrodes 4 working capacity.

The proposed method is confirmed by example.

Example. The seeds of cucumber varieties "Aquarius" were alternately treated with water of contrasting temperatures of 20 ° C and 40 ° C, for 30 seconds each, for 5-30 minutes. The value was selected in the range from 1 to 5 A.

This mode is selected from numerous experiments that tested the joint stimulating effect of water of various temperature values and alternating electric current.

The control for the experiment was seeds that had only undergone thermal treatment with water of contrasting temperatures, without combined treatment with alternating electric current, and dry unprocessed seeds.

After germination of the seeds, measurements were made of the length of the seedlings grown from the treated seeds and the length of their root system, as well as germination, germination energy and viability in comparison with the control seeds. According to the measurements, comparative curves are constructed (figure 2).

Due to the combined effect of contrasting temperatures on seeds with water, along with alternating current, the length of seedlings, the length of their roots, seed germination, and germination energy are increased in comparison with the untreated control seeds that underwent only thermal treatment with water at contrasting temperatures.

Claims (3)

1. A method of stimulating seeds of agricultural crops, including water-thermal treatment of seeds, characterized in that for the stimulation of seeds using water of contrasting temperatures, selected from a range from 0 ° C to 75 ° C, for 30 seconds each, while variable is passed through the seed processing water electric current from 0.1 to 7 A. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the seeds of the cucumber are alternately treated with water at 20 ° C and 40 ° C, for 30 seconds each, for 5-30 minutes, and the amount of current passed through the water is selected in the range from 1 to 5 BUT. 3. A device for stimulating seeds of agricultural crops, including a working tank and a hopper for seeds, characterized in that it is equipped with two thermostats to maintain the contrasting temperatures of the water and supply it to the working tank and a control unit for the process of water-thermal treatment, while in the opposite walls of the working tank mounted electrodes in the form of plates connected to an AC voltage source.

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