RU2657709C1 - Railway track link - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the railway track, in particular to the railway track link. Railway track link contains rails, intermediate fastening and sleepers. Under the sleepers, parallel to the rails, two chains are installed, which are attached to the rails in the inter-sleeper spaces.

EFFECT: enabling increase in the rails to the sleepers fastening reliability.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the upper structure of the railway track, mainly for temporary tracks of industrial enterprises, mining quarries and coal mines. Typically, these paths become clogged with various spills and are often repacked. The spills are compressed over time, and additionally freeze at minus temperatures. Due to the large load and dynamic loads, all types of intermediate fasteners are intensively weakened, both crutches, bolts, and screws (pulling and loosening crutches, breaking crutches holes in sleepers, loosening threaded joints). Sleepers sink into the ballast, other disturbances of the path arise.

When the track is re-laid both in winter and in summer, during the tearing off of the rail-sleeper grid from the ballast by the hoist and the subsequent lifting of the links by cranes or various traveling gears, some of the sleepers (wooden, reinforced concrete, iron) come off the rails and remain in contaminated ballast. Together with the sleepers, bonding details also come off: linings, crutches, terminals, bolts, nuts, screws, washers. Under adverse conditions, up to 20 sleepers come off from one link of 12.5 m long (24 sleepers).

The release of sleepers from contaminated ballast and the subsequent cleaning of sleepers and fasteners are associated with high material costs.

Currently, during re-laying works, many mechanisms and methods are used to separate the rail-sleeper from the ballast. Use special baking powder, brush and tear-off machines. The path is cleaned and thawed by reactive and heat generating units. Solutions of chloride salts are used, drilling of the sleeper and sleeper lattice is performed. However, efficiency is achieved only in the absence of compressed spills and the number of severed sleepers decreases to a small extent, because all these measures do not affect the state of the weakened intermediate bond.

Known rail-sleeper grid (and.with. 1289942, 1987, ЕВВ 23/10) and a device for fastening the rail to the sleepers (and.with. 1498868, 1989, ЕВВ 9/00). In these designs, the fastening of sleepers also occurs under the lower surface, however, each link sleeper is attached separately. This requires a large number of different parts, which leads to a significant increase in the weight of the link. In A.S. No. 1289942 through holes are made in the sleepers, which worsens its structure and reduces its service life. Also, the presence of bolted joints in the above examples makes it difficult to replace sleepers alone, the thread is quickly clogged with spills. The manufacture of such links and the maintenance of the existing path due to the many details is a very laborious process.

Of the known devices, the closest is the railway track (AS No. 1470827, 1989, ЕВВ 9/62), adopted as a prototype. Under the sleepers are elastic rings that are attached with vertical ties to the sole of the rail in the inter-sleepers spaces. The design consists of a set of many parts: elastic rings, longitudinal, transverse and vertical ties, stops, additional linings, which complicates the installation and dismantling of the track. Also, under the train load from loaded locomotives, due to structural vibrations on elastic rings, various path disturbances are possible (skews, track broadening, extension of hooks of vertical couplers). Various spills will accumulate in the rings as the track is operated. Given the presence of many other details, the weight of the link will increase dramatically, which will make it impossible to lift the link without disassembling it.

The aim of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages and increase the efficiency of track-laying operations by increasing reliability and increasing the service life of intermediate fasteners.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed design, the sleepers are in a confined space between two chains and two rails. Chains hold sleepers with intermediate fastenings near the bottom of the rail. When bending the rail under axial loads from locomotive trains, the sleepers will oscillate together with the rails. The pulling and loosening of crutches, the breaking of crutch holes in sleepers will decrease. The weakening of threaded joints on other types of intermediate fasteners will also be reduced. This increases the reliability and increases the service life of the bonds. Efficiency of laying works is also achieved by the fact that the tearing force from the rail grips of the elevator or the crane beam will be transmitted not only to the intermediate fastening, but also by chains under the lower surface of the sleepers. When raising the link, weakened sleepers will not be able to tear themselves off the rails, because they will be held by chains. Due to the simplicity of manufacture, the proposed device can be used with the existing link design, adopted at the present time, and to exclude the possibility of loss of sleepers and parts of intermediate fasteners when dismantling railway tracks.

The invention is shown in the drawings: FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. In addition to the usual link elements: rail (3), sleepers (4) and intermediate fastening (5), two chains (1) are installed under the rails under the bottom surface of the sleepers.

Chains can be cargo, traction or cast anchor. The type of chain is selected depending on the required margin of safety. For a link with a length of 12.5 m, a chain with a pitch of 35 mm with a caliber of 10 mm and a length of 14 m (weight 35 kg) can be used. Each chain using nodes (2) is attached to the rail. In FIG. 2 shows the fastening of the assembly (2) to the neck of the rail. In addition to the butt holes with a diameter of 34 and 36 mm, holes in the neck of the rail are made with a diameter of 16 mm. Through them, the chain link (1) with a finger (6) with a diameter of 15 mm is attached to the neck of the rail and locked with a cotter pin (7) with a diameter of 7 mm. In FIG. Figure 3 shows the fastening of the assembly (2) to the sole of the rail. The chain is attached using terminal (8) and tie rod (9). A rod with a curved end encircles the sole of the rail, then a terminal (8) is put on it, then a chain link (1) and the entire assembly are tightened with a nut (10). The terminal is made of two parts. The sleeve is welded to the profile bracket or the entire terminal is made by casting.

The application of the proposed link design allows to increase the efficiency of track-laying and achieve complete completeness of the removed links. Deficit sleepers and fasteners are retained, which allows re-laying without major repairs of the links. A slight increase in the weight of the link allows the detachment and lifting of the links with the presence of various spills on them, as well as work in adverse weather conditions (rain, snow, frost). Since chains are an additional support for sleepers, the number of malfunctions and path disturbances in plan, profile and track gauge will be reduced. Accordingly, the maintenance costs of tracks will be reduced. Due to the chains, hijacking is also reduced. Eliminated the heavy manual labor of road crews for cleaning and tearing off loose sleepers and fastening parts from pressed or frozen gravel. Accordingly, the cost of production of track-laying works will decrease.

Claims (1)

A railway link containing rails, intermediate fastening and sleepers, characterized in that two chains are installed under the sleepers parallel to the rails, which are attached to the rails in the inter-sleepers spaces.

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