RU2653859C1 - Material to reduce the energy losses on electric networks contact connections - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: materials.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of materials science and can find application in power engineering, metallurgical, chemical and other industries where electricity is used. Material, which reduces the energy losses on the electrical connections, containing copper, the material further comprises tin and foamed nickel, evenly distributed in the bulk of the material, allowing to conduct an electric current up to 10,000A, with the following component ratio, mass%: tin 68.32; nickel 25.92; copper 4.32.

EFFECT: technical result: reduction of energy losses on contact connections of electric networks due to reduction of the potential difference by 92-97%.

1 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of materials science and can find application in the energy sector, metallurgical, chemical and other industries where electricity is used.

The invention relates to such a priority area of science as energy conservation. Today, in industries where electricity is used, there is the problem of power losses and high energy consumption in the contact conductors. Reducing the potential difference that occurs when a contact connection increases the energy efficiency of transmission and transportation of electrical energy. In this regard, the development of a material capable of reducing the contact potential difference is relevant.

Known electrically conductive lubricant "UVS SUPERCONT" (RU No. 2510089, IPC Н01В 3/20, Н01В 1/22, С10М 125/00, С10М 101/00, С10М 119/20, C10N 10/02, C10N 40/14, published on 20.03 .2014) containing mineral oil, an additive, a metal powder, which is used as a finely divided copper powder, a stabilizing additive, the lubricant additionally contains a thickener, which is used as ethyl cellulose, while an organic matrix is used as an additive, which is a salt of high molecular weight organic compounds (soap) and higher organic molecular weight acids and as a stabilizing additive - 30% solution of benzotriazole in acetone with the following contents, wt. %:

Organic matrix 40 Highly dispersed copper powder thirty Thickener twenty Stabilizing additive 5 Mineral oil Rest

A common feature of the claimed invention with an analogue is the presence of copper in the composition.

The disadvantages of this analogue include:

- low rates of thermal stability and reliability;

- the inability to ensure safe trouble-free operation of electrical networks;

- difficulty in manufacturing and storage.

This is due to the fact that the matrix used as an additive containing salts of high molecular weight organic compounds and higher organic fatty acids (soaps) and finely dispersed copper powder can form spatial structures, as a result of which difficult to remove formations will form on the working surface of electrical contacts. This leads to an increase in resistance between electrical contacts and the resulting decrease in reliability in the operation of electrical circuits.

The material used to reduce the contact potential difference, which is a multicomponent metal foam (US No. 7229296 B2, IPC H01R 4/34, published June 12, 2007), is used as a prototype. Using this material as a gasket between two metal contacts reduces the potential difference by 40-78% . The disadvantages of this foam material include the following:

- with small shifts, turns, vibrations acting on the contact connection, the material properties become less effective. This is a big obstacle in industries where it is impossible to do without mechanical stress, vibration, etc .;

- there is no possibility of reuse of material;

- high cost of material.

A common feature of the claimed invention with an analogue is the presence of copper in the composition.

The task of the invention is to create a material that reduces energy losses on the contact connections of electrical networks.

The technical result consists in reducing energy losses at the contact connections of electrical networks by reducing the potential difference by 92-97%.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the material that reduces energy losses at the contact connections of electrical networks containing copper, characterized in that it additionally contains tin and foamed nickel uniformly distributed in the volume of the material, which allows conducting electric current up to 10000 A, in the following ratio of components wt. %:

tin 68.32 nickel 25.92 copper 4.32

The material is a mixture of powders of foamed nickel, copper and tin. Using this mixture as a gasket between the contacts reduces the potential difference by 92-97%.

The use of the claimed material reduces the contact difference in the range 0-10000A, reduces heat loss at the contacts and extends the life of the contact joint.

To obtain foamed nickel, nickel (II) nitrate 6-water grade Ch and glycerol grade Ch were used. The reagents were not previously purified. Nickel nitrate crystalline hydrate was placed in an electric drying oven at a temperature of 130 ° C. Losses amounted to 30% of the mass. The dried powder was ground to a particle size of not more than 200 μm in a planetary mill. Glycerin and anhydrous nickel nitrate (charge) in a ratio of 1: 3, respectively, were thoroughly mixed in a container until a homogeneous mass and placed in a reactor. In a gaseous medium (in air), a local initiation of the process (ignition) was performed. At the contact point of the mixture with the spark, a combustion reaction front arises - spontaneous high-temperature synthesis (SHS), which propagates through the mixture at a speed of ~ 1 m / s with the release of a large amount of heat and gaseous combustion products. The reaction zone that arose in the initiation zone according to the laws of combustion (heat release and heat transfer) in the form of a front propagates independently along the charge, and high completeness and rate of chemical interaction of its components are achieved. The SHS regime is based on the exothermic reaction of oxidation of the carbon-containing components of the charge with a nitro group while reducing the chemical compound of nickel to metallic nickel. As a result, we obtain a fragile porous structure of foamed nickel (see. Figure).

The resulting foamed nickel was crushed, and the copper and tin plates were crushed to a size of not more than 200 μm. In this case, the porosity of the structure of foamed nickel was preserved. The optimal ratio between the components of the mixture was established experimentally and presented in the table below.

Table

Using this material as a gasket between the contacts reduces the potential difference by 92-97%, while the prototype by 40-78%.

The rationale for the accepted limits of the percentage ratios of the constituent components of the powder material.

Claims (2)

A material that reduces energy losses at the contact joints of electric networks, containing copper, characterized in that it additionally contains tin and foamed nickel, evenly distributed in the volume of the material, which allows conducting electric current up to 10000 A, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: tin 68.32 nickel 25.92 copper 4.32

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